Imaging System and Methods Displaying a Fused Multidimensional Reconstructed Image

1. An imaging system comprising: at least one photosensor configured to record a visualization of a surgical site; a visualization generation system configured to create a multidimensional visualization based on the recorded visualization of the surgical site; a processor communicatively coupled to a display device, the processor configured to display the multidimensional visualization of the surgical site; an image reconstruction module configured to receive a selection corresponding to a portion of the displayed multidimensional visualization of the surgical site, create a reconstructed image related to the surgical site, and select a portion of the reconstructed image that corresponds to the selected portion of the multidimensional visualization; and a fusion module configured to combine the portion of the reconstructed image with the multidimensional visualization, wherein the processor is configured to display the portion of the reconstructed image in addition to the multidimensional visualization.

2. The imaging system of claim 1 , wherein the reconstructed image is created from at least one of a two-dimensional pre-operative image, a three-dimensional pre-operative image, and at least one intra-operative image slice of the surgical site.

3. The imaging system of claim 1 , wherein the image reconstruction module is configured to create the reconstructed image as a three-dimensional reconstructed image using vector-based or feature based construction to create outlines of objects located within sequential pre-operative image slices.

4. The imaging system of claim 1 , wherein the fusion module is configured to at least one of fuse, merge, blend, join, and integrate the portion of the reconstructed image with the multidimensional visualization at the selected portion of the multidimensional visualization.

5. The imaging system of claim 1 , wherein the fusion module is configured to select the portion of the reconstructed image by: determining at least one of an orientation and coordinates of the selected portion of the multidimensional visualization; determining at least one of a corresponding orientation and coordinates of the reconstructed image; and selecting the portion of the reconstructed image that is associated with the at least one of the corresponding orientation and coordinates.

6. The imaging system of claim 1 , wherein the fusion module is configured to combine the portion of the reconstructed image with the multidimensional visualization by: identifying at least one of a feature, a structure, and an object inside of or within proximity of the selected portion of the multidimensional visualization; identifying at least one of a corresponding feature, structure, and object within the reconstructed image; and aligning the portion of the reconstructed image with the selected portion of the multidimensional visualization such that the at least one identified feature, structure, and object of the multidimensional visualization is aligned with the at least one corresponding identified feature, structure, and object of the reconstructed image.

7. The imaging system of claim 6 , wherein at least one of the feature, structure, and object includes at least one of brain tissue, a blood vessel, a tumor, bone tissue, muscle tissue, and a marker.

8. An imaging apparatus comprising: a visualization generation system configured to create a multidimensional visualization based on a recorded visualization of a surgical site; a processor communicatively coupled to a display device, the processor configured to display the multidimensional visualization of the surgical site; an image reconstruction module configured to receive a selection corresponding to a portion of the displayed multidimensional visualization of the surgical site, create a reconstructed image related to the surgical site, and select a portion of the reconstructed image that corresponds to the selected portion of the multidimensional visualization; and a fusion module configured to combine the portion of the reconstructed image with the multidimensional visualization, wherein the processor is configured to display the portion of the reconstructed image in addition to the multidimensional visualization.

9. The imaging apparatus of claim 8 , wherein the fusion module is configured to combine the portion of the reconstructed image with the multidimensional visualization by integrating, within a video signal, the portion of the reconstructed image with the multidimensional visualization at the selected portion.

10. The imaging apparatus of claim 8 , wherein the processor is configured to transmit, to the display device, the multidimensional visualization separately from the portion of the reconstructed image.

11. The imaging apparatus of claim 10 , wherein the processor is configured to transmit an instruction to the display device specifying a location of the selected portion of the multidimensional visualization to which the portion of the reconstructed image is to be superimposed as a graphic.

12. The imaging apparatus of claim 8 , wherein the fusion module is configured to combine the multidimensional visualization with the portion of the reconstructed image by adjusting a visual property of at least one of the multidimensional visualization and the portion of the reconstructed image so as to make the multidimensional visualization merge or fuse with the portion of the reconstructed image.

13. The imaging apparatus of claim 12 , wherein the fusion module is configured to adjust the visual property by at least one of: (a) increasing a transparency of the selected portion of the multidimensional visualization so that the portion of the reconstructed image replaces the selected portion of the multidimensional visualization; (b) adjusting a contrast around edges or fringes of at least one of the selected portion of the multidimensional visualization and the portion of the reconstructed image; (c) adjusting a focus around edges or fringes of at least one of the selected portion of the multidimensional visualization and the portion of the reconstructed image; and (d) applying a spline function around edges or fringes of at least one of the selected portion of the multidimensional visualization and the portion of the reconstructed image.

14. The imaging apparatus of claim 8 , wherein the fusion module is configured to combine the portion of the reconstructed image with the multidimensional visualization by: identifying a target structure within the multidimensional visualization; identifying the same target structure within the reconstructed image; aligning the reconstructed image with the multidimensional visualization such that the target structure within the multidimensional visualization is aligned with the target structure within the reconstructed image; and identifying the portion of the reconstructed image that is located at a same location as the selected portion of the multidimensional visualization.

15. The imaging apparatus of claim 14 , wherein the target structure includes a marked screw and is registered intra-operatively using an O-arm or C-arm imaging device.

16. An imaging method comprising: creating, via a processor, a multidimensional visualization based on a recorded visualization of a surgical site; creating, via the processor, a reconstructed image related to the surgical site; displaying, via the processor in a display device, the multidimensional visualization of the surgical site, receiving, via the processor from an input device, a selection of a portion of the displayed multidimensional visualization; selecting, via the processor, a portion of the reconstructed image that corresponds to the selected portion of the multidimensional visualization; combining, via the processor, the portion of the reconstructed image with the multidimensional visualization; and displaying, via the processor in the display device, the portion of the reconstructed image in addition to the multidimensional visualization.

17. The imaging method of claim 16 , wherein the selected portion of the multidimensional visualization is represented as a window.

18. The imaging method of claim 17 , further comprising: receiving, via the processor from the input device, an instruction to move a position of the window in response to the window being clicked and dragged; determining a second portion of the displayed multidimensional visualization based on the moved position of the window; selecting, via the processor, a second portion of the reconstructed image that corresponds to the second portion of the multidimensional visualization; combining, via the processor, the second portion of the reconstructed image with the multidimensional visualization; and displaying, via the processor in the display device, the second portion of the reconstructed image in addition to the multidimensional visualization.

19. The imaging method of claim 16 , wherein combining the portion of the reconstructed image with the multidimensional visualization includes fusing the portion of the reconstructed image by identifying first features of the multidimensional visualization and aligning the first features to correspond to second features of the reconstructed image.

20. The imaging method of claim 16 , wherein combining the portion of the reconstructed image with the multidimensional visualization includes at least one of: increasing a transparency of the selected portion of the multidimensional visualization; and applying a smoothing function to a boundary between the portion of the reconstructed image and the multidimensional visualization.