Legal claims defining the scope of protection. Each claim is shown in both the original legal language and a plain English translation.
1. A sensor device, comprising: an interface comprising two conductors adapted for coupling to one or more external processing elements; a power-receiving element, coupled to the two conductors and adapted to receive a DC power from the two conductors; and a data-receiving element, coupled to the two conductors and adapted to receive an AC data signal superimposed over the DC power, wherein the sensor device is adapted to operate as a slave device and adapted for directly coupling to a master device through the two conductors, and wherein the sensor device is a positional encoder.
2. The sensor device according to claim 1 , wherein the AC data signal is encoded using digital data.
Technical Summary: This invention relates to sensor devices designed to transmit data signals, particularly focusing on encoding alternating current (AC) data signals using digital data. The core problem addressed is the efficient and reliable transmission of sensor data, often in environments where signal integrity is critical. The sensor device includes a signal generator that produces an AC data signal. This signal is then encoded using digital data, which improves data transmission accuracy and reduces susceptibility to noise and interference. The digital encoding process converts the analog AC signal into a digital format, ensuring that the transmitted data is robust and can be accurately reconstructed at the receiving end. The device may also include a transmitter for sending the encoded signal to a receiver, which decodes the digital data back into the original AC signal. This ensures that the sensor data is accurately interpreted by the receiving system. The use of digital encoding enhances the reliability of data transmission, making the sensor device suitable for applications requiring high precision, such as industrial monitoring, environmental sensing, or medical diagnostics. By encoding the AC data signal in digital form, the invention improves signal integrity, reduces errors, and ensures that the transmitted data remains accurate over long distances or in noisy environments. This approach is particularly beneficial in scenarios where traditional analog transmission methods may fail due to signal degradation or interference.
3. The sensor device according to claim 2 , wherein the AC data signal contributes a substantially zero superimposed DC voltage to the two conductors.
This invention relates to sensor devices designed to measure electrical properties, particularly in systems where accurate signal detection is critical. The problem addressed is the interference caused by unwanted direct current (DC) voltage superimposed on alternating current (AC) data signals in sensor measurements, which can distort readings and reduce accuracy. The sensor device includes at least two conductors for transmitting an AC data signal. A key feature is that the AC data signal is structured to contribute a substantially zero superimposed DC voltage to the two conductors. This means the signal is balanced or processed in a way that minimizes or eliminates any DC offset, ensuring that the measured data remains free from DC interference. The device may also include additional components, such as signal processing circuitry, to further refine the AC data signal and enhance measurement precision. By eliminating DC voltage contributions, the sensor device improves signal integrity, making it suitable for applications requiring high-precision measurements, such as industrial monitoring, medical diagnostics, or environmental sensing. The absence of DC interference ensures that the sensor outputs reliable and accurate data, which is essential for decision-making in these fields. The invention focuses on maintaining signal purity while transmitting data, addressing a common challenge in sensor technology.
4. The sensor device according to claim 1 , wherein the positional encoder is an optical position encoder.
Technical Summary: This invention relates to sensor devices, specifically those equipped with positional encoders for precise position measurement. The problem addressed is the need for accurate and reliable position detection in various applications, such as industrial automation, robotics, and motion control systems. Traditional positional encoders may suffer from limitations in resolution, durability, or environmental robustness, particularly in harsh operating conditions. The sensor device includes a positional encoder that is an optical position encoder. Optical encoders use light to detect position, offering high resolution and precision. They typically consist of a light source, a code disk or scale with markings, and a detector that reads the light pattern to determine position. Optical encoders are preferred for their ability to provide fine positional feedback, resistance to electromagnetic interference, and suitability for high-speed applications. The encoder may be integrated into the sensor device to measure linear or rotational movement, depending on the application. The sensor device may also include additional features such as signal processing circuitry to interpret the encoder's output, communication interfaces for data transmission, and environmental protection to ensure reliable operation in challenging conditions. The optical encoder's design may incorporate error correction techniques to enhance accuracy, such as interpolation methods to improve resolution beyond the physical markings on the code disk. This invention aims to improve the performance and reliability of sensor devices by leveraging optical position encoding technology, making them suitable for demanding industrial and automation environments.
5. The sensor device according to claim 1 , further comprising a coupling element adapted to receive a cable, wherein the cable is adapted for coupling to a master device.
A sensor device is designed to monitor environmental conditions such as temperature, humidity, or pressure in industrial or residential settings. The device includes a housing containing a sensor module that detects and measures the target parameters, along with a processing unit that converts raw sensor data into standardized output signals. The device also features a communication interface for transmitting data to external systems, such as a master device like a computer or control unit, via wired or wireless connections. To enhance connectivity, the sensor device includes a coupling element that securely receives a cable, enabling direct wired communication with the master device. The cable is designed to interface with the master device, ensuring reliable data transfer and power supply if needed. This wired connection complements or replaces wireless transmission, improving signal stability in environments with interference or limited wireless coverage. The coupling element may include mechanical fasteners or connectors to ensure a robust and tamper-resistant connection, preventing accidental disconnections or data loss. The sensor device may also incorporate additional features, such as power management systems, calibration mechanisms, or multiple sensor types, to provide comprehensive environmental monitoring. The design ensures compatibility with various master devices, making it adaptable for integration into different monitoring and control systems.
6. The sensor device according to claim 5 , wherein the cable terminates in a first electrical connector adapted for removably coupling to a second electrical connector of the master device.
A sensor device is designed for use in industrial or environmental monitoring systems, where reliable and secure data transmission is critical. The device includes a cable that terminates in a first electrical connector, specifically adapted to removably couple with a second electrical connector on a master device. This connector interface ensures a stable and detachable connection, allowing for easy installation, maintenance, and replacement of the sensor device. The design of the connectors ensures proper alignment and secure engagement, minimizing signal interference and data loss during transmission. The sensor device may also include additional features such as signal processing circuitry, power management, and environmental protection to enhance performance in harsh conditions. The removable coupling mechanism simplifies system integration and reduces downtime, making the sensor device suitable for applications requiring frequent reconfiguration or maintenance. The connector interface may incorporate locking mechanisms or alignment guides to prevent accidental disconnection and ensure consistent performance. This design addresses challenges in maintaining reliable data transmission in dynamic or high-vibration environments, where traditional fixed connections may fail. The sensor device is particularly useful in industrial automation, environmental monitoring, and remote sensing applications where durability and ease of use are essential.
7. The sensor device according to claim 1 , wherein the received DC power is generated by a master device coupled to the two conductors.
Technical Summary: This invention relates to sensor devices powered by direct current (DC) electricity supplied through two conductors, addressing the challenge of efficiently powering sensors in distributed systems while minimizing wiring complexity. The sensor device is designed to receive DC power from a master device connected to the two conductors, eliminating the need for separate power lines. The master device generates and distributes the DC power, ensuring reliable operation of the sensor device. The sensor device includes circuitry to condition and regulate the received DC power, ensuring stable operation under varying load conditions. This approach simplifies installation and reduces costs by using a shared power distribution system. The invention is particularly useful in industrial automation, building management, and environmental monitoring, where multiple sensors must be powered and communicated with efficiently. The two-conductor design reduces wiring complexity while maintaining robust power delivery and data transmission capabilities. The sensor device may also include features for fault detection and power management to enhance reliability. This solution provides a scalable and cost-effective way to deploy sensor networks in various applications.
8. The sensor device according to claim 1 , wherein the slave device is adapted to communicate with the master device in a bi-directional manner over the two conductors.
A sensor device includes a master device and a slave device connected via two conductors, forming a communication link. The slave device is configured to communicate with the master device in a bidirectional manner over these two conductors. The communication link allows for data exchange between the devices, enabling the sensor to transmit measurements or status updates to the master device while also receiving commands or configuration instructions. This bidirectional communication ensures efficient and responsive operation, particularly in applications where real-time monitoring and control are required. The two-conductor design simplifies wiring and reduces complexity compared to systems requiring additional conductors for bidirectional communication. The sensor device may be used in industrial, environmental, or medical applications where reliable and low-latency communication is essential. The bidirectional capability enhances functionality by allowing the master device to dynamically adjust sensor parameters or request specific data, improving system adaptability and performance. The design ensures robust communication while minimizing hardware requirements.
9. The sensor device according to claim 1 , further comprising at least one boost regulator adapted to boost the DC power signal.
A sensor device is designed to monitor environmental or operational conditions, such as temperature, pressure, or humidity, in industrial, automotive, or IoT applications. A key challenge in such devices is maintaining reliable operation in environments with fluctuating or low-power conditions, where the sensor's power supply may be insufficient for accurate measurements or communication. This invention addresses this problem by incorporating a boost regulator to enhance the DC power signal supplied to the sensor. The sensor device includes a primary sensor element for detecting physical parameters and a power management system that ensures stable operation. The boost regulator is integrated into this system to increase the voltage level of the incoming DC power signal, compensating for voltage drops or low-power conditions. This allows the sensor to function effectively even when connected to weak or unstable power sources, such as batteries or energy-harvesting modules. The boost regulator may be configured to adjust its output dynamically based on the sensor's power requirements, ensuring optimal performance without overloading the power source. By integrating a boost regulator, the sensor device achieves greater reliability and longevity in harsh or power-constrained environments, making it suitable for applications where traditional power management solutions may fail. The invention improves energy efficiency and operational stability, ensuring consistent data acquisition and transmission.
10. The sensor device according to claim 1 , wherein the data-receiving element is adapted to receive the AC data signal via capacitive coupling.
A sensor device is designed to monitor electrical parameters in a power distribution system, addressing challenges in accurately detecting and analyzing alternating current (AC) signals in high-voltage environments. The device includes a data-receiving element that captures AC data signals from a conductor or power line. A key feature is the use of capacitive coupling to receive these signals, enabling non-contact measurement without direct electrical connection. This approach minimizes safety risks and simplifies installation in high-voltage applications. The device may also include signal processing components to filter, amplify, or digitize the received signals for further analysis. By leveraging capacitive coupling, the sensor avoids galvanic contact, reducing wear and maintenance needs while ensuring reliable signal acquisition. The technology is particularly useful in power grid monitoring, fault detection, and energy management systems where precise, non-intrusive measurements are required. The sensor's design ensures compatibility with existing infrastructure, making it adaptable for integration into various power distribution networks.
11. The sensor device according to claim 1 , wherein the AC data signal is encoded using at least one of Manchester encoding and a DC-balanced encoding.
A sensor device is designed to transmit data signals in a manner that ensures reliable communication, particularly in environments where signal integrity is critical. The device encodes an alternating current (AC) data signal using at least one of Manchester encoding or a DC-balanced encoding scheme. Manchester encoding ensures that each data bit is represented by a transition, which helps in clock recovery and reduces the risk of errors due to signal distortion. DC-balanced encoding maintains a near-zero average DC component in the signal, preventing baseline wander and improving transmission stability over long distances or noisy channels. The sensor device may include a sensor module to detect physical parameters, a processing unit to generate the AC data signal, and a transmission module to encode and transmit the signal. The encoding methods enhance robustness against interference, making the device suitable for applications in industrial, medical, or automotive systems where accurate and reliable data transmission is essential. The use of these encoding techniques ensures that the transmitted signal remains stable and interpretable, even under challenging conditions.
12. The sensor device according to claim 1 , wherein the DC power is a 5V power source.
A sensor device is designed to monitor environmental or operational conditions, such as temperature, humidity, or pressure, in industrial, automotive, or IoT applications. A key challenge in such devices is ensuring reliable power delivery while maintaining compact size and energy efficiency. The device includes a power management system that converts and regulates input power to a stable DC voltage suitable for sensor operation. Specifically, the device incorporates a 5V DC power source to provide consistent power to the sensor circuitry, ensuring accurate and uninterrupted measurements. The 5V power source may be derived from an external power supply, a battery, or an energy-harvesting module, depending on the application. The sensor device may also include additional features such as wireless communication, data processing, and storage capabilities to enhance functionality. The use of a 5V power source ensures compatibility with standard electronic components while minimizing power loss and heat generation, improving overall system efficiency. This design is particularly useful in applications where precise and stable power delivery is critical for sensor performance.
13. The sensor device according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one of the two conductors is coupled to ground.
A sensor device includes at least two conductors configured to detect a physical parameter, such as temperature, pressure, or electrical conductivity, by measuring changes in electrical properties between the conductors. The device may include a substrate supporting the conductors, which can be arranged in various configurations to optimize sensitivity and accuracy. In one embodiment, at least one of the two conductors is electrically coupled to ground, which can improve signal stability, reduce noise, or enhance measurement accuracy by providing a reference potential. The grounded conductor may serve as a shield or return path, minimizing interference from external electromagnetic fields or electrical noise. The sensor may also include additional components, such as signal processing circuitry, to amplify, filter, or digitize the detected signals. The device is designed for applications where precise and reliable sensing is required, such as in industrial monitoring, environmental sensing, or medical diagnostics. The grounded conductor configuration ensures robust performance in electrically noisy environments.
14. The sensor device according to claim 1 , wherein the positional encoder is configured to provide sensed position data in an electrical signal, and wherein the positional encoder, including the power-receiving element and the data-receiving element, are contained within a same package.
This invention relates to sensor devices, specifically those incorporating a positional encoder for determining the position of a movable element. The problem addressed is the need for compact, integrated sensor designs that minimize space requirements while maintaining accurate position sensing capabilities. The sensor device includes a positional encoder that generates sensed position data in the form of an electrical signal. The encoder is integrated with both a power-receiving element and a data-receiving element, all contained within a single package. This integration reduces the overall footprint of the sensor, simplifying installation and reducing potential sources of signal interference. The power-receiving element enables wireless or wired power delivery to the encoder, while the data-receiving element facilitates the transmission of position data to an external system. The encoder may use optical, magnetic, or other sensing technologies to detect the position of a movable element, such as a linear or rotary actuator. The compact design ensures reliable operation in space-constrained applications, such as industrial automation, robotics, or precision measurement systems. By housing all critical components within a single package, the invention improves durability and simplifies manufacturing and maintenance.
15. A distributed system, comprising: a plurality of sensor devices of claim 1 directly coupled to the master device in parallel with one another.
A distributed system includes a master device and multiple sensor devices directly connected to the master device in parallel. Each sensor device is configured to collect data from a monitored environment and transmit the data to the master device. The master device processes the collected data to generate insights or control actions. The parallel connection ensures that each sensor device operates independently, allowing for simultaneous data collection and reducing latency. The system is designed for applications requiring real-time monitoring, such as industrial automation, environmental sensing, or smart infrastructure, where centralized data processing is necessary for efficient decision-making. The direct coupling between the sensor devices and the master device eliminates intermediate communication nodes, improving reliability and reducing data transmission delays. The system may also include redundancy mechanisms to ensure continuous operation even if one or more sensor devices fail. The master device may further analyze the data to detect anomalies, optimize performance, or trigger automated responses based on predefined thresholds. This architecture enhances scalability, as additional sensor devices can be added without disrupting existing connections. The system is particularly useful in environments where rapid data aggregation and processing are critical for maintaining operational efficiency.
16. A distributed system comprising: a master device; and a positional encoder adapted to operate as a slave device and directly coupled to the master device by a two-conductor cable, wherein the master device is adapted to provide DC power to the positional encoder via the two-conductor cable and wherein the master device and the positional encoder are operable to communicate over the two-conductor cable using an AC signal superimposed over the DC power.
A distributed system includes a master device and a positional encoder operating as a slave device, directly connected via a two-conductor cable. The master device supplies DC power to the positional encoder through the same cable, while both devices communicate using an AC signal superimposed on the DC power. This design eliminates the need for separate power and communication lines, simplifying wiring and reducing costs. The positional encoder provides feedback on its position, which the master device processes to control or monitor operations. The system may be used in applications requiring precise positioning, such as industrial automation, robotics, or motion control systems. The two-conductor cable supports bidirectional communication, allowing the master device to send commands and receive positional data from the encoder. The AC signal is modulated to transmit data, while the DC power ensures continuous operation of the encoder. This integrated approach enhances efficiency and reliability in distributed control systems.
17. The distributed system according to claim 16 , wherein more than one sensor device is coupled to the master device by the two-conductor cable and receives DC power from the master device.
A distributed system for industrial or environmental monitoring uses a master device connected to multiple sensor devices via a two-conductor cable. The system addresses the challenge of powering and communicating with numerous sensors in a cost-effective and scalable manner. The master device supplies DC power to the sensor devices through the same two-conductor cable used for data communication, eliminating the need for separate power lines. Each sensor device is configured to receive power and transmit data over the shared cable, allowing for efficient deployment in environments where wiring complexity must be minimized. The system may include multiple sensor devices, each drawing power from the master device while maintaining reliable data transmission. This approach reduces installation costs and simplifies maintenance by consolidating power and communication functions into a single cable infrastructure. The technology is particularly useful in applications requiring distributed sensing, such as industrial automation, environmental monitoring, or smart infrastructure systems.
18. The distributed system according to claim 16 , wherein the positional encoder is further configured to provide sensed position data in an electrical signal.
A distributed system for monitoring and controlling industrial equipment includes a positional encoder that detects the position of a movable component, such as a robotic arm or conveyor belt, and generates sensed position data. The positional encoder converts this positional information into an electrical signal, which is then transmitted to a central controller. The controller processes the electrical signal to determine the exact position of the component, enabling precise control and coordination of multiple interconnected machines. This system improves automation accuracy by ensuring real-time positional feedback, reducing errors in motion control and synchronization. The electrical signal output allows seamless integration with existing industrial control systems, enhancing operational efficiency and reliability. The positional encoder may use optical, magnetic, or inductive sensing to detect movement, ensuring robust performance in harsh industrial environments. The system is particularly useful in manufacturing, robotics, and automated material handling, where precise positioning is critical for productivity and safety. By converting mechanical movement into an electrical signal, the system enables advanced automation features such as predictive maintenance and adaptive control.
19. The distributed system of claim 16 , further comprising: a plurality of positional encoders, including the positional encoder, each adapted to operate as a slave device and each directly coupled to the master device in parallel with one another.
A distributed system for precise positioning control includes a master device and multiple positional encoders operating as slave devices. The master device coordinates the positional encoders, which are directly coupled to it in parallel. Each positional encoder measures position data and communicates it to the master device, enabling synchronized and accurate position tracking across multiple axes or components. The system is designed to address challenges in distributed positioning, such as latency, synchronization errors, and scalability, by ensuring direct parallel communication between the master and each slave encoder. This configuration allows for real-time position monitoring and control in applications requiring high precision, such as robotics, industrial automation, and motion control systems. The parallel coupling reduces communication bottlenecks and improves system responsiveness compared to serial or hierarchical architectures. The positional encoders may include optical, magnetic, or capacitive sensors, depending on the application requirements. The master device processes the position data to generate control signals or feedback for actuators, ensuring coordinated movement or positioning of mechanical components. This distributed architecture enhances reliability and fault tolerance by allowing the system to continue operating even if one encoder fails, as the master device can still receive data from the remaining encoders.
20. A distributed system, comprising: a master device comprising one or more processing elements; a slave device, comprising: a power-receiving element adapted to receive a DC power from the master device; and a data-receiving element adapted to receive an AC data signal from the master device, wherein the AC data signal is superimposed over the DC power, wherein the slave device is a positional encoder configured to provide sensed position data in an electrical signal; and an interface comprising two conductors directly coupling the master device to the slave device, wherein the two conductors are configured to provide the DC power and the AC data signal from the master device to the power-receiving element and the data-receiving element of the slave device, respectively.
A distributed system includes a master device and a slave device connected via two conductors. The master device contains processing elements and supplies both DC power and an AC data signal to the slave device. The slave device is a positional encoder that generates sensed position data as an electrical signal. The DC power and AC data signal are transmitted over the same two conductors, with the AC data signal superimposed on the DC power. The slave device receives the DC power through a power-receiving element and the AC data signal through a data-receiving element. This configuration allows for simplified wiring by using the same conductors for both power and data transmission, reducing complexity in distributed systems where positional encoding is required. The system eliminates the need for separate power and data lines, making it suitable for applications where space and wiring efficiency are critical. The positional encoder provides feedback on position, which can be used for control or monitoring purposes in various industrial or robotic applications. The two-conductor interface ensures reliable communication and power delivery while maintaining a compact and cost-effective design.
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January 14, 2020
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