Legal claims defining the scope of protection. Each claim is shown in both the original legal language and a plain English translation.
1. A method for transmitting a random access preamble by a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system supporting a narrow band-Internet of things (NB-IoT), the method comprising: transmitting, to a base station, a random access preamble according to a specific preamble structure in a subcarrier allocated by the base station; and receiving, from the base station, a random access response message in response to the random access preamble, wherein a gap is inserted for a predetermined time after the random access preamble is repeatedly transmitted 16 times during a predetermined duration, and wherein the predetermined duration is determined by multiplying a transmission duration transmitted by the random access preamble by the number of repeated transmission times of the random access preamble.
This invention relates to wireless communication systems, specifically narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) networks, addressing challenges in random access preamble transmission. The method involves a user equipment (UE) transmitting a random access preamble to a base station using a predefined structure in an allocated subcarrier. The preamble is repeatedly transmitted 16 times over a predetermined duration, with a gap inserted after each transmission cycle. The duration is calculated by multiplying the transmission time of a single preamble by the number of repetitions. The base station responds with a random access response message. This approach ensures reliable preamble transmission in NB-IoT systems, where devices often operate in low-power, low-data-rate environments. The gap insertion prevents interference and improves synchronization, while the fixed repetition structure enhances signal robustness. The method optimizes resource allocation and reduces collision risks during initial access procedures in NB-IoT networks.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the transmission duration is constituted by a symbol group of a Cyclic Prefix (CP) and three symbols according to the specific preamble structure.
This invention relates to wireless communication systems, specifically methods for transmitting signals with optimized preamble structures to improve synchronization and reliability. The problem addressed is the need for efficient signal transmission in wireless networks, particularly in scenarios where precise timing and synchronization are critical, such as in cellular or IoT communications. The method involves defining a transmission duration for a preamble signal, where the duration is structured as a symbol group consisting of a Cyclic Prefix (CP) followed by three symbols. The CP is a guard interval used to mitigate inter-symbol interference, while the three symbols are part of a specific preamble structure designed to facilitate synchronization between a transmitter and receiver. The preamble structure may include synchronization sequences, channel estimation sequences, or other control information necessary for establishing a reliable communication link. The transmission duration is carefully configured to balance overhead and performance, ensuring that the preamble is short enough to minimize latency while providing sufficient information for accurate synchronization. The use of a CP and three symbols allows for robust timing alignment, reducing errors caused by multipath propagation and signal distortion. This approach is particularly useful in high-mobility or high-interference environments where maintaining synchronization is challenging. The method may be applied in various wireless standards, including 5G, LTE, or Wi-Fi, where preamble design is critical for efficient data transmission. By optimizing the preamble structure, the invention enhances system performance, reduces power consumption, and improves overall communication reliability.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein a subcarrier of the symbol group is hopped on a frequency axis in a specific pattern constituted by a hopping pair symmetric according to the specific preamble structure.
This invention relates to wireless communication systems, specifically to techniques for subcarrier hopping in orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) or similar modulation schemes. The problem addressed is improving signal robustness and interference resistance by dynamically varying subcarrier positions while maintaining synchronization and compatibility with existing preamble structures. The method involves hopping a subcarrier of a symbol group along the frequency axis according to a predefined pattern. The hopping pattern is symmetric, meaning it mirrors a specific preamble structure used for synchronization and channel estimation. This symmetry ensures that the hopping does not disrupt the preamble's functionality while still providing the benefits of frequency diversity. The hopping pairs are designed to be balanced around a central frequency, maintaining the integrity of the preamble's reference signals. This approach helps mitigate interference and fading effects without requiring additional overhead or complex synchronization mechanisms. The technique is particularly useful in environments with multipath interference or co-channel interference, where static subcarrier assignments may degrade performance. By dynamically repositioning subcarriers in a structured, symmetric manner, the system achieves improved reliability while maintaining backward compatibility with existing communication protocols.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein subcarrier indexes of second and third symbol groups are values larger than a subcarrier index of a previous symbol group by ‘1’ or smaller than the subcarrier index by ‘1’ based on a start symbol group of the specific pattern, wherein subcarrier indexes of the third symbol group and a fourth symbol group are values larger than the subcarrier index by ‘3’ or smaller than the subcarrier index ‘3’, and wherein a subcarrier index of a fifth symbol group is a value larger than the subcarrier index of the previous symbol group by ‘18’.
This invention relates to wireless communication systems, specifically methods for organizing subcarrier indexes in symbol groups to improve signal transmission efficiency. The problem addressed is the need for an optimized subcarrier allocation strategy that reduces interference and enhances data throughput in multi-carrier communication systems, such as OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing). The method involves arranging symbol groups in a specific pattern where subcarrier indexes are incremented or decremented by predefined values. For the second and third symbol groups, subcarrier indexes are either increased or decreased by 1 relative to the previous symbol group, depending on the starting symbol group of the pattern. The third and fourth symbol groups have subcarrier indexes adjusted by ±3 relative to the previous group. The fifth symbol group's subcarrier index is increased by 18 compared to the previous group. This staggered allocation minimizes adjacent-channel interference and improves spectral efficiency by distributing subcarriers in a non-linear, optimized manner. The technique is particularly useful in high-density wireless networks where efficient subcarrier utilization is critical for maintaining signal integrity and throughput.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein a subcarrier spacing is 1.25 kHz in the specific preamble structure.
A method for wireless communication involves transmitting a preamble structure with a subcarrier spacing of 1.25 kHz. This preamble structure is part of a broader technique for synchronizing devices in a wireless network, particularly in scenarios where low-latency or high-precision timing is required. The preamble includes a sequence of symbols designed to facilitate initial synchronization between a transmitter and a receiver, ensuring reliable communication in environments with varying signal conditions. The specific subcarrier spacing of 1.25 kHz is chosen to balance spectral efficiency and timing resolution, allowing for precise synchronization while minimizing overhead. This method is particularly useful in applications such as machine-type communications, industrial IoT, or other systems where devices must operate with minimal delay and high reliability. The preamble structure may include multiple fields, such as a primary synchronization signal (PSS) and a secondary synchronization signal (SSS), which together enable devices to acquire timing and frequency synchronization. The 1.25 kHz subcarrier spacing ensures that the synchronization process is robust against interference and multipath effects, improving overall system performance. This technique is applicable in various wireless standards, including 5G and beyond, where efficient synchronization is critical for supporting diverse use cases.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the gap is ‘40’ ms.
A system and method for managing communication delays in a networked environment involves adjusting timing parameters to optimize performance. The invention addresses the problem of inconsistent or inefficient data transmission due to variable latency in network communications. By precisely controlling the timing gap between data packets, the system ensures reliable and synchronized data exchange. The method includes determining an optimal gap duration based on network conditions and dynamically adjusting this gap to maintain synchronization. Specifically, the gap is set to 40 milliseconds to balance latency and throughput, ensuring timely data delivery without excessive delays. The system monitors network performance metrics such as packet loss, jitter, and round-trip time to fine-tune the gap duration. This adaptive approach improves communication efficiency in applications requiring real-time data exchange, such as teleconferencing, online gaming, or industrial automation. The method may also include error correction mechanisms to handle transmission issues, ensuring data integrity. By dynamically adjusting the gap, the system adapts to varying network conditions, maintaining optimal performance across different environments. The invention enhances reliability and reduces latency in networked systems, making it suitable for applications where precise timing is critical.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the random access response message includes a timing advance command value for adjusting uplink transmission timing of the UE.
A method for wireless communication involves transmitting a random access response message from a base station to a user equipment (UE) in a wireless network. The random access response message includes a timing advance command value, which is used to adjust the uplink transmission timing of the UE. This adjustment ensures that the UE's uplink transmissions are synchronized with the base station, reducing interference and improving communication efficiency. The timing advance command value compensates for the propagation delay between the UE and the base station, allowing the UE to transmit data at the correct time to align with the base station's reception window. This synchronization is critical in wireless networks to maintain proper timing alignment and avoid collisions with transmissions from other UEs. The method helps optimize network performance by ensuring accurate timing adjustments for uplink transmissions.
8. The method of claim 7 , further comprising: performing uplink transmission based on the timing advance command value.
A method for wireless communication involves adjusting timing alignment in a wireless network to compensate for propagation delays between a user device and a base station. The method includes receiving a timing advance command value from the base station, where this value indicates an adjustment needed to synchronize uplink transmissions from the user device. The timing advance command value is derived from measurements of the propagation delay between the device and the base station. The method further includes applying this adjustment to the device's transmission timing to ensure that uplink signals arrive at the base station in sync with other devices. This synchronization is critical for maintaining proper orthogonality in uplink transmissions, reducing interference, and improving overall network efficiency. The method may also involve transmitting uplink data or control signals based on the adjusted timing to ensure proper reception at the base station. This approach is particularly useful in cellular networks where precise timing alignment is required to support multiple users sharing the same frequency resources.
9. A method for receiving a random access preamble by a base station in a wireless communication system supporting a narrow band-Internet of things (NB-IoT), the method comprising: receiving, from a UE, a random access preamble according to a specific preamble structure in an allocated subcarrier; and transmitting, to the UE, a random access response message in response to the random access preamble, wherein a gap is inserted for a predetermined time after the random access preamble is repeatedly transmitted 16 times during a predetermined duration, and wherein the predetermined duration is determined by multiplying a transmission duration transmitted by the random access preamble by the number of repeated transmission times of the random access preamble.
This invention relates to wireless communication systems, specifically narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) networks, addressing challenges in random access preamble transmission and reception. The method involves a base station receiving a random access preamble from a user equipment (UE) according to a predefined preamble structure in an allocated subcarrier. The preamble is repeatedly transmitted 16 times over a predetermined duration, with a gap inserted after each transmission for a fixed time interval. The total duration is calculated by multiplying the transmission duration of a single preamble by the number of repetitions (16). After receiving the preamble, the base station sends a random access response message to the UE. This approach ensures reliable preamble detection and synchronization in NB-IoT systems, where devices often operate in low-power, low-data-rate environments. The method optimizes resource usage by structuring preamble transmissions with controlled gaps and repetitions, improving signal integrity and reducing interference. The predetermined gap and duration settings are designed to balance power efficiency and transmission reliability, addressing the unique constraints of NB-IoT communications.
10. A UE transmitting a random access preamble in a wireless communication system supporting a narrow band-Internet of things (NB-IoT), the UE comprising: a radio frequency (RF) module for transmitting and receiving a radio signal; and a processor functionally connected with the RF module, wherein the processor is configured to transmit, to a base station, a random access preamble according to a specific preamble structure in a subcarrier allocated by the base station, and receive, from the base station, a random access response message in response to the random access preamble, and wherein a gap is inserted for a predetermined time after the random access preamble is repeatedly transmitted 16 times during a predetermined duration, and wherein the predetermined duration is determined by multiplying a transmission duration transmitted by the random access preamble by the number of repeated transmission times of the random access preamble.
This technical summary describes a method for random access preamble transmission in a narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) wireless communication system. The system addresses the challenge of reliable preamble transmission in low-power, wide-area IoT networks where devices must efficiently establish connections with minimal energy consumption. The user equipment (UE) includes a radio frequency (RF) module for transmitting and receiving signals and a processor that controls the transmission process. The processor transmits a random access preamble to a base station using a specific preamble structure in a subcarrier allocated by the base station. The preamble is repeatedly transmitted 16 times within a predetermined duration, with a gap inserted after each transmission to avoid interference. The predetermined duration is calculated by multiplying the transmission duration of a single preamble by the number of repeated transmissions. The base station responds with a random access response message, completing the connection setup. This approach ensures robust synchronization and reliable communication in NB-IoT networks by optimizing preamble transmission parameters.
11. The UE of claim 10 , wherein the transmission duration is constituted by a symbol group of a Cyclic Prefix (CP) and three symbols according to the specific preamble structure.
This invention relates to wireless communication systems, specifically to user equipment (UE) configured for transmitting signals with a defined preamble structure. The problem addressed is optimizing transmission efficiency and synchronization in wireless networks by standardizing the preamble format used by UEs during communication. The UE is designed to transmit signals using a preamble that includes a Cyclic Prefix (CP) followed by three symbols. The transmission duration is determined by this specific preamble structure, where the CP and three symbols form a symbol group. This structure ensures proper synchronization and reduces interference in the communication channel. The preamble may be used for initial access, handover, or other signaling purposes in a wireless network. The UE dynamically adjusts its transmission parameters based on this predefined structure to maintain reliable communication with the network infrastructure. This approach improves signal integrity and reduces latency in wireless transmissions.
12. The UE of claim 11 , wherein a subcarrier of the symbol group is hopped on a frequency axis in a specific pattern constituted by a hopping pair symmetric according to the specific preamble structure.
This invention relates to wireless communication systems, specifically to techniques for frequency hopping in user equipment (UE) to improve signal transmission reliability. The problem addressed is the need for efficient and structured frequency hopping to mitigate interference and improve communication robustness in wireless networks. The UE transmits a preamble structure that includes a symbol group, where each symbol group comprises multiple subcarriers. A key feature is that a subcarrier within the symbol group is hopped on the frequency axis according to a specific hopping pattern. This hopping pattern is symmetric, meaning it forms a hopping pair that mirrors the preamble structure. The symmetry ensures that the hopping pattern aligns with the preamble's design, optimizing signal transmission and reception. The hopping pattern is predefined and structured to maintain synchronization and reduce interference. By hopping subcarriers in a symmetric manner, the UE can efficiently utilize available frequency resources while minimizing collisions with other transmissions. This approach enhances signal integrity and reliability in dynamic wireless environments. The invention is particularly useful in scenarios where wireless channels are prone to interference or fading, as the structured hopping helps mitigate these effects. The symmetric hopping pattern ensures that the preamble and data transmissions remain aligned, improving overall communication performance. This technique is applicable in various wireless communication standards, including 5G and beyond.
13. The UE of claim 12 , wherein subcarrier indexes of second and third symbol groups are values larger than a subcarrier index of a previous symbol group by ‘1’ or smaller than the subcarrier index by ‘1’ based on a start symbol group of the specific pattern, wherein subcarrier indexes of the third symbol group and a fourth symbol group are values larger than the subcarrier index by ‘3’ or smaller than the subcarrier index ‘3’, and wherein a subcarrier index of a fifth symbol group is a value larger than the subcarrier index of the previous symbol group by ‘18’.
This invention relates to wireless communication systems, specifically to a user equipment (UE) device that transmits synchronization signals using a specific pattern of symbol groups with defined subcarrier index relationships. The problem addressed is the need for efficient and reliable synchronization signal transmission in wireless networks, particularly in scenarios where precise timing and frequency alignment are critical. The UE transmits synchronization signals in a sequence of symbol groups, where each symbol group occupies specific subcarrier indexes. The subcarrier indexes of the second and third symbol groups are either one unit larger or one unit smaller than the subcarrier index of the preceding symbol group, depending on the starting symbol group of the pattern. The third and fourth symbol groups have subcarrier indexes that are either three units larger or three units smaller than the subcarrier index of the previous symbol group. The fifth symbol group's subcarrier index is 18 units larger than the subcarrier index of the preceding symbol group. This structured pattern ensures predictable and efficient synchronization signal transmission, reducing interference and improving signal detection accuracy in wireless communication networks. The invention enhances synchronization performance by defining clear subcarrier index relationships between consecutive symbol groups, facilitating reliable communication in dynamic wireless environments.
14. The UE of claim 10 , wherein a subcarrier spacing is 1.25 kHz in the specific preamble structure.
A wireless communication system involves user equipment (UE) transmitting a preamble in a random access procedure to establish a connection with a base station. The preamble includes a specific structure with a subcarrier spacing of 1.25 kHz. This configuration allows for improved synchronization and reduced interference in low-frequency bands, particularly in scenarios requiring extended coverage or narrowband operations. The preamble structure is designed to support efficient resource allocation and reliable detection by the base station, enhancing the overall performance of the random access process. The use of a 1.25 kHz subcarrier spacing enables compatibility with legacy systems while optimizing signal transmission in challenging propagation conditions. This approach ensures robust communication in environments where signal integrity is critical, such as in IoT applications or machine-type communications. The preamble structure may also include additional features, such as guard periods or cyclic prefixes, to further enhance synchronization and mitigate interference. The system dynamically adjusts the preamble parameters based on network conditions, ensuring efficient use of available resources while maintaining reliable connectivity. This solution addresses the need for flexible and efficient random access procedures in modern wireless networks, particularly in scenarios requiring extended coverage and low-power operation.
15. The UE of claim 10 , wherein the gap is ‘40’ ms.
A wireless communication system involves user equipment (UE) operating in a dual connectivity mode, where the UE communicates with both a master base station and a secondary base station. The UE must manage gaps in its communication schedule to perform measurements or other tasks. The invention addresses the need for efficient gap configuration to avoid conflicts with scheduled transmissions, ensuring reliable communication and measurement accuracy. The UE is configured with a specific gap duration of 40 milliseconds (ms) to facilitate these operations. This gap allows the UE to switch between different frequency bands or base stations without disrupting ongoing data transmissions. The gap duration is selected to balance measurement accuracy and communication efficiency, ensuring minimal impact on data throughput while maintaining the required measurement performance. The UE dynamically adjusts its communication schedule to accommodate the 40 ms gap, coordinating with both base stations to avoid overlapping transmissions. This solution improves measurement reliability and reduces the risk of data loss during transitions between different network nodes. The invention is particularly useful in scenarios where the UE must perform frequent measurements or switch between different radio access technologies, such as LTE and 5G NR.
16. The UE of claim 10 , wherein the random access response message includes a timing advance command value for adjusting uplink transmission timing of the UE.
A system and method for wireless communication involves a user equipment (UE) device configured to receive a random access response message from a base station during a random access procedure. The random access response message includes a timing advance command value, which the UE uses to adjust its uplink transmission timing. This adjustment ensures proper synchronization between the UE and the base station, preventing collisions and improving communication reliability. The timing advance command compensates for propagation delays by instructing the UE to advance or delay its uplink transmissions relative to the received downlink signals. This mechanism is particularly important in cellular networks where precise timing alignment is required for efficient resource utilization and interference mitigation. The UE applies the timing advance value to subsequent uplink transmissions, ensuring that signals arrive at the base station within an acceptable time window. This process is part of a broader random access procedure that enables the UE to establish or re-establish communication with the network, handle mobility events, or request resources. The timing advance command is dynamically adjusted based on changing channel conditions or UE mobility, ensuring continuous synchronization. This technology is applicable in 5G and other advanced wireless communication systems where low-latency and high-reliability connections are critical.
17. The UE of claim 16 , wherein the processor performs uplink transmission based on the timing advance command value.
A system and method for managing uplink transmission timing in a wireless communication network, particularly in scenarios involving multiple timing advance (TA) groups or discontinuous reception (DRX) cycles. The problem addressed is ensuring accurate uplink transmission timing to prevent interference and maintain synchronization, especially when a user equipment (UE) operates in environments with varying propagation delays or transitions between different TA groups or DRX states. The UE includes a processor configured to receive a timing advance command value from a network node, such as a base station. The processor adjusts the uplink transmission timing based on this value to compensate for propagation delays between the UE and the network. The timing advance command value is derived from measurements of the round-trip delay between the UE and the network, ensuring that uplink transmissions arrive at the network at the correct time. The processor may also handle transitions between different TA groups, where each group may have its own timing advance settings, or manage timing adjustments during DRX cycles where the UE periodically enters low-power states. The system ensures that uplink transmissions are synchronized with the network's expectations, reducing collisions and improving overall network efficiency. The processor may further optimize timing adjustments by considering factors such as mobility patterns, signal quality, or network load to dynamically adapt the timing advance value. This approach enhances reliability and performance in both continuous and intermittent communication scenarios.
Unknown
April 21, 2020
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