Legal claims defining the scope of protection. Each claim is shown in both the original legal language and a plain English translation.
1. A method for transmitting using a super channel, the super channel having a set of carriers, each of which having a corresponding one of a set of wavelengths, the set of wavelengths being within a predetermined bandwidth, the set of carriers comprising a higher edge carrier and a lower edge carrier, the higher edge carrier having a corresponding highest wavelength among the set of wavelengths and the lower edge carrier having a corresponding a lowest wavelength among the set of wavelengths, the method comprising the steps of: modulating the higher edge carrier according to a first modulation format, the first modulation format being based on a first constellation comprising a first set of symbols, wherein each symbol of the first set of symbols has a corresponding one of a first set of binary addresses; modulating the lower edge carrier according to a second modulation format, the second modulation format being based on a second constellation comprising a second set of symbols, wherein each symbol of the second set of symbols has a corresponding one of a second set of binary addresses; separating digital data to be transmitted on the higher edge carrier into a first data stream and a second data stream; separating digital data to be transmitted on the lower edge carrier into a third data stream and a fourth data stream; mapping the first data stream to predetermined first bit positions of a first plurality of bit positions within the first set of binary addresses, and the second data stream to predetermined second bit positions of the first plurality of bit positions within the first set of binary addresses, wherein the predetermined first bit positions within the first set of binary addresses have an error probability that is less than an average error probability associated with the first plurality of bit positions within the first set of binary addresses; mapping the third data stream to predetermined first bit positions of a second plurality of bit positions within the second set of binary addresses, and the fourth data stream to predetermined second bit positions of the second plurality of bit positions within the second set of binary addresses, wherein the predetermined first bit positions within the second set of binary addresses have an error probability that is less than an average error probability associated with the second plurality of bit positions within the second set of binary addresses; and wherein at least one of: the first data stream is at least predominantly identical to the third data stream, and the second data stream is at least predominantly identical to the fourth data stream.
Optical communication and data transmission. This technology addresses the challenge of improving data transmission reliability, particularly for edge carriers within a super channel. A super channel is defined by a set of carriers, each associated with a specific wavelength within a predetermined bandwidth. This set includes a higher edge carrier and a lower edge carrier, representing the highest and lowest wavelengths, respectively. The method involves modulating the higher edge carrier using a first modulation format, derived from a first constellation with symbols having associated binary addresses. Similarly, the lower edge carrier is modulated using a second modulation format, based on a second constellation with symbols and their binary addresses. Crucially, digital data intended for the higher edge carrier is split into two streams: a first and a second data stream. Data for the lower edge carrier is also split into a third and a fourth data stream. The first data stream is mapped to specific bit positions within the first set of binary addresses that have a lower error probability than average. The second data stream is mapped to other bit positions within the same set. This data mapping is repeated for the third and fourth data streams onto the second set of binary addresses, prioritizing bit positions with lower error probability. Furthermore, at least one of the data streams transmitted on the higher edge carrier is substantially identical to a corresponding data stream on the lower edge carrier, implying a form of redundancy or identical data transmission between these edge carriers.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the data separated into the second data stream is at least predominantly identical to the data separated into the fourth data stream, and wherein the data separated into the first data stream is different from the data separated into the third data stream.
3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the first modulation format is a same modulation format as the second modulation format.
4. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the data separated into the second data stream is at least predominantly identical to the data separated into the fourth data stream, and wherein the data separated into the first data stream is at least predominantly identical to the data separated into the third data stream.
In the field of data processing and transmission, a method is used to separate and process data streams to ensure redundancy and reliability. The method involves dividing an input data stream into multiple output data streams, where the data in at least two of the output streams is at least predominantly identical. Specifically, a first data stream and a third data stream contain substantially the same data, while a second data stream and a fourth data stream also contain substantially the same data. This redundancy ensures that if one data stream is lost or corrupted, the identical data in another stream can be used to reconstruct the original information. The method is particularly useful in systems where data integrity is critical, such as in communication networks, storage systems, or error-correction applications. By maintaining identical copies of data in separate streams, the system can detect and recover from errors, improving overall reliability. The technique may be applied in various contexts, including real-time data transmission, backup systems, or distributed computing environments, where maintaining data consistency across multiple paths is essential. The method ensures that even if one data path fails, the redundant stream can be used to restore the original data without loss.
5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first constellation and the second constellation is a two-dimensional constellation comprising four quadrants.
6. The method according to claim 5 , wherein in each of the binary addresses of the two-dimensional constellation, there are two predetermined bit positions which have identical values for each of the binary addresses within a same quadrant, the two predetermined bit positions corresponding to the first bit positions.
7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein forward error correction is applied to at least one of: the first data stream separately from an application of forward error correction to the second data stream, and the third data stream separately from an application of forward error correction to the fourth data stream.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first modulation format and the second modulation format is one of 16QAM, 32QAM, 64QAM, or 128QAM.
9. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the steps of: receiving the higher edge carrier and the lower edge carrier; and assessing, at a receiver side, a quality of each of the received higher edge carrier and the received lower edge carrier.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the step of assessing the quality comprises measuring a bit error rate.
A method for evaluating the performance of a communication system, particularly in wireless or digital transmission environments, where signal integrity and data accuracy are critical. The method addresses the challenge of ensuring reliable data transmission by assessing the quality of received signals to detect and quantify errors. This involves measuring the bit error rate (BER), which is a key metric for determining the proportion of incorrectly received bits compared to the total number of transmitted bits. A lower BER indicates higher transmission quality and fewer errors, while a higher BER suggests potential issues such as interference, noise, or signal degradation. The method may also include additional steps, such as comparing the measured BER against predefined thresholds to determine whether the communication link meets acceptable performance standards. This assessment can trigger corrective actions, such as adjusting transmission power, modifying modulation schemes, or initiating retransmission protocols to improve reliability. The technique is applicable in various communication technologies, including but not limited to 5G, Wi-Fi, and fiber-optic networks, where maintaining low error rates is essential for efficient data transfer. By focusing on BER as a quality metric, the method provides a quantitative approach to diagnosing and mitigating transmission errors, ensuring robust and high-fidelity communication.
11. The method of claim 9 , wherein the step of assessing the quality comprises measuring a power spectral density.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the power spectral density is measured using an optical performance monitor.
This invention relates to optical communication systems, specifically to methods for monitoring and optimizing signal quality in high-speed optical networks. The problem addressed is the need for accurate, real-time assessment of signal integrity in optical transmission systems to mitigate errors caused by noise, dispersion, and other impairments. The method involves measuring the power spectral density (PSD) of an optical signal to evaluate its quality. The PSD measurement is performed using an optical performance monitor, which analyzes the signal's frequency components to detect distortions or anomalies. This allows for dynamic adjustments to transmission parameters, such as modulation format, channel spacing, or amplification, to maintain optimal performance. The optical performance monitor is a key component, providing continuous monitoring of the signal's spectral characteristics. It may include photodetectors, filters, and signal processing units to capture and analyze the PSD across the relevant frequency range. By integrating this monitor into the optical network, operators can proactively identify and correct signal degradation before it affects data transmission. The method is particularly useful in dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) systems, where multiple channels operate in close proximity, increasing the risk of crosstalk and interference. Accurate PSD measurement helps ensure each channel maintains its integrity, reducing bit error rates and improving overall network reliability. The approach is scalable and adaptable to various optical network architectures, including long-haul and metro networks.
13. The method of claim 11 , wherein the power spectral density is measured digitally.
14. The method according to claim 9 , wherein the data separated into the second data stream is at least predominantly identical to the data separated into the fourth data stream, and wherein the method further comprises the steps, at a receiver side, of: demapping each of the second data stream of the received higher edge carrier and the fourth data stream of the received lower edge carrier; and assessing a quality of each of the demapped second data stream and the demapped fourth data stream; and selecting for further processing a higher-quality one of the demapped second data stream and the demapped fourth data stream, as determined by the assessing step.
15. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the data separated into the second data stream is at least predominantly identical to the data separated into the fourth data stream, and wherein the method further comprises the steps of: receiving the higher edge carrier and the second data stream; receiving the lower edge carrier and the fourth data stream; and co-processing, by maximum ratio combining, each of the received second data stream and the received fourth data stream, to decode the at least predominantly identical information.
16. The method of claim 9 , further comprising a step of changing, based on the step of assessing the quality, at least one of: a symbol rate associated with the higher edge carrier, a symbol rate associated with the lower edge carrier, the first modulation format, and the second modulation format.
17. The method of claim 9 , further comprising a step of adding a guard band to at least one of the higher edge carrier and the lower edge carrier, based on the step of assessing the quality.
18. A transmitter for transmitting using a super channel, the super channel having a set of carriers, each of which having a corresponding one of a set of wavelengths, the set of wavelengths being within a predetermined bandwidth, the set of carriers comprising a higher edge carrier and a lower edge carrier, the higher edge carrier having a corresponding highest wavelength among the set of wavelengths and the lower edge carrier having a corresponding lowest wavelength among the set of wavelengths, the transmitter operable to carry out the steps of: modulating the higher edge carrier according to a first modulation format, the first modulation format being based on a first constellation comprising a first set of symbols, wherein each symbol of the first set of symbols has a corresponding one of a first set of binary addresses; modulating the lower edge carrier according to a second modulation format, the second modulation format being based on a second constellation comprising a second set of symbols, wherein each symbol of the second set of symbols has a corresponding one of a second set of binary addresses; separating digital data to be transmitted on the higher edge carrier into a first data stream and a second data stream; separating digital data to be transmitted on the lower edge carrier into a third data stream and a fourth data stream; mapping the first data stream to predetermined first bit positions of a first plurality of bit positions within the first set of binary addresses, and the second data stream to predetermined second bit positions of the first plurality of bit positions within the first set of binary addresses, wherein the predetermined first bit positions within the first set of binary addresses have an error probability that is less than an average error probability associated with the first plurality of bit positions within the first set of binary addresses; mapping the third data stream to predetermined first bit positions of a second plurality of bit positions within the second set of binary addresses, and the fourth data stream to predetermined second bit positions of the second plurality of bit positions within the second set of binary addresses, wherein the predetermined first bit positions within the second set of binary addresses have an error probability that is less than an average error probability associated with the second plurality of bit positions within the second set of binary addresses; and wherein at least one of: the first data stream is at least predominantly identical to the third data stream, and the second data stream is at least predominantly identical to the fourth data stream.
19. The transmitter according to claim 18 , wherein the data separated into the second data stream is at least predominantly identical to the data separated into the fourth data stream, and wherein the data separated into the first data stream is different from the data separated into the third data stream.
20. The transmitter according to claim 18 , wherein the first modulation format is a same modulation format as the second modulation format.
21. The transmitter according to claim 18 , wherein the data separated into the second data stream is at least predominantly identical to the data separated into the fourth data stream, and wherein the data separated into the first data stream is at least predominantly identical to the data separated into the third data stream.
22. The transmitter according to claim 18 , wherein at least one of the first constellation and the second constellation is a two-dimensional constellation comprising four quadrants.
23. The transmitter according to claim 22 , wherein in each of the binary addresses of the two-dimensional constellation, there are two predetermined bit positions which have identical values for each of the binary addresses within a same quadrant, the two predetermined bit positions corresponding to the first bit positions.
24. The transmitter of claim 18 , wherein at least one of the first modulation format and the second modulation format is one of 16QAM, 32QAM, 64QAM, or 128QAM, and wherein forward error correction is applied to at least one of: the first data stream separately from an application of forward error correction to the second data stream, and the third data stream separately from an application of forward error correction to the fourth data stream.
25. The transmitter of claim 18 , wherein the transmitter is configured for changing, in response to a transmission bit error rate, at least one of: a symbol rate associated with the higher edge carrier, a symbol rate associated with the lower edge carrier, the first modulation format, and the second modulation format.
26. The transmitter of claim 18 , wherein the transmitter is configured for adding a guard band to at least one of the higher edge carrier and the lower edge carrier, in response to information regarding transmission quality.
This invention relates to wireless communication systems, specifically to a transmitter designed to improve signal integrity by dynamically adjusting guard bands based on transmission quality. The transmitter operates in a multi-carrier system, such as OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing), where signals are divided into multiple subcarriers. The problem addressed is interference and signal degradation at the edge carriers (the highest and lowest frequency subcarriers) due to adjacent channel interference or spectral leakage. To mitigate this, the transmitter includes a mechanism to add a guard band to one or both edge carriers when transmission quality metrics indicate degradation. The guard band introduces a frequency gap between the edge carrier and adjacent channels, reducing interference. The transmission quality information may be derived from feedback signals, channel state measurements, or other performance indicators. The guard band width can be dynamically adjusted based on real-time conditions, optimizing spectral efficiency while maintaining signal quality. This approach enhances reliability in wireless communications, particularly in dense or interference-prone environments. The transmitter may also include other features, such as adaptive modulation and coding, to further improve performance. The invention is applicable to various wireless standards, including 5G and beyond.
27. The transmitter of claim 18 , wherein the first modulation format is a same modulation format as the second modulation format.
This transmitter sends digital data over a "super channel" using multiple optical carriers, specifically the highest wavelength carrier (higher edge carrier) and the lowest wavelength carrier (lower edge carrier). The transmitter modulates both the higher and lower edge carriers using the **same modulation format**. This format is based on a constellation diagram where each symbol has a unique binary address. For each edge carrier, the digital data is split into two separate streams. For the higher edge carrier, these are a first and second data stream. For the lower edge carrier, these are a third and fourth data stream. The first data stream (for the higher edge carrier) and the third data stream (for the lower edge carrier) are mapped to specific "first bit positions" within their respective symbol's binary addresses. These "first bit positions" are chosen because they are more robust, having a lower error probability than average. The second and fourth data streams are mapped to other "second bit positions." Furthermore, at least some data is shared between the edge carriers: either the first data stream is predominantly identical to the third data stream, or the second data stream is predominantly identical to the fourth data stream.
28. A receiver for receiving from a transmitter an optical signal transmitted using a super channel, the super channel having a set of carriers, each of which having a corresponding one of a set of wavelengths, the set of wavelengths being within a predetermined bandwidth, the set of carriers comprising a higher edge carrier and a lower edge carrier, the higher edge carrier having a corresponding highest wavelength among the set of wavelengths and the lower edge carrier having a corresponding lowest wavelength among the set of wavelengths, the receiver operable to carry out the steps of: receiving the signal transmitted by the transmitter, the received signal comprising the higher edge carrier and the lower edge carrier; to generate a received first data stream from the received signal, demapping received data from predetermined first bit positions of a first plurality of bit positions within a first set of binary addresses that each correspond to one of a first set of symbols of a first constellation of a first modulation format according to which the higher edge carrier was modulated at the transmitter, wherein the predetermined first bit positions of the first plurality of bit positions within the first set of binary addresses have an error probability that is less than an average error probability associated with the first plurality of bit positions within the first set of binary addresses; to generate a received second data stream from the received signal, demapping received data from predetermined second bit positions of the first plurality of bit positions within the first set of binary addresses, wherein the predetermined second bit positions of the first plurality of bit positions within the first set of binary addresses are different than the predetermined first bit positions within the first set of binary addresses; to generate a received third data stream from the received signal, demapping received data from predetermined first bit positions of a second plurality of bit positions within a second set of binary addresses that each correspond to one of a second set of symbols of a second constellation of a second modulation format according to which the lower edge carrier was modulated at the transmitter, wherein the predetermined first bit positions of the second first plurality of bit positions within the second set of binary addresses have an error probability that is less than an average error probability associated with the second plurality of bit positions within the second set of binary addresses; to generate a received fourth data stream from the received signal, demapping received data from predetermined second bit positions of the second plurality of bit positions within the second set of binary addresses, wherein the predetermined second bit positions of the second plurality of bit positions within the second set of binary addresses are different than the predetermined first bit positions within the second set of binary addresses; and wherein the transmitter generated the signal by at least one of: mapping data to be transmitted, to the predetermined first bit positions within the first set of binary addresses, that is at least predominantly identical to data to be transmitted that is mapped to the predetermined first bit positions within the second set of binary addresses, and mapping data to be transmitted, to the predetermined second bit positions within the first set of binary addresses, that is at least predominantly identical to data to be transmitted that is mapped to the predetermined second bit positions within the second set of binary addresses.
29. The receiver of claim 28 , wherein the receiver is configured for assessing a quality of each of the higher edge carrier and the lower edge carrier in the received signal.
This invention relates to wireless communication systems, specifically to a receiver designed to evaluate signal quality in edge carriers of a received signal. The receiver is configured to assess the quality of both the higher edge carrier and the lower edge carrier within the received signal. Edge carriers are the frequency bands at the outer limits of a communication channel, which are often more susceptible to interference and signal degradation compared to central carriers. By monitoring these edge carriers, the receiver can identify issues such as signal distortion, interference, or channel degradation, allowing for adaptive adjustments to improve communication reliability. The receiver may use techniques such as signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) measurement, error rate analysis, or spectral analysis to determine the quality of each edge carrier. This assessment helps optimize signal processing, enhance data transmission accuracy, and maintain robust communication links in environments with varying interference conditions. The receiver may be part of a broader system that includes signal processing components, error correction mechanisms, or adaptive modulation schemes to dynamically respond to the assessed carrier quality. This technology is particularly useful in high-frequency or wideband communication systems where edge carrier performance is critical for maintaining overall system efficiency.
30. The receiver of claim 29 , wherein the receiver is configured for assessing the quality of each of the higher edge carrier and the lower edge carrier in the received signal by measuring a bit error rate of at least a portion of the received signal.
This invention relates to wireless communication systems, specifically to a receiver designed to evaluate signal quality in edge carriers of a received signal. The problem addressed is the need for accurate assessment of signal integrity in higher and lower edge carriers, which are more susceptible to interference and distortion compared to central carriers. The receiver includes a quality assessment module that measures the bit error rate (BER) of at least a portion of the received signal to determine the quality of both the higher edge carrier and the lower edge carrier. By analyzing BER, the receiver can identify errors introduced during transmission, particularly in edge carriers where signal degradation is more pronounced. This allows for adaptive adjustments in modulation, coding, or signal processing to improve overall communication reliability. The receiver may also include additional components for signal demodulation, decoding, or error correction, which work in conjunction with the quality assessment module to enhance signal fidelity. The invention is particularly useful in high-frequency or high-bandwidth communication systems where edge carrier performance is critical for maintaining data integrity.
31. The receiver of claim 29 , wherein the receiver is configured for assessing the quality of each of the higher edge carrier and the lower edge carrier in the received signal by measuring a power spectral density of the edge carrier of the received signal.
This invention relates to wireless communication systems, specifically to a receiver designed to assess the quality of edge carriers in a received signal. Edge carriers, which are the frequency bands at the outer edges of a communication channel, are susceptible to interference and distortion, making their quality assessment critical for reliable data transmission. The receiver measures the power spectral density (PSD) of both the higher and lower edge carriers to evaluate their quality. By analyzing the PSD, the receiver can detect issues such as interference, noise, or signal degradation, ensuring robust communication performance. The receiver may also compare the PSD of the edge carriers to predefined thresholds or reference values to determine their suitability for data transmission. This assessment helps in optimizing signal processing, improving error correction, and maintaining signal integrity in wireless networks. The invention is particularly useful in scenarios where edge carriers are prone to interference, such as in high-density communication environments or when operating near the limits of the allocated frequency spectrum. The receiver's ability to dynamically evaluate edge carrier quality enhances overall system reliability and efficiency.
32. The receiver of claim 31 , wherein the receiver is configured for measuring the power spectral density by at least one of: an optical performance monitor, and a digital measurement based on a digitized signal corresponding to the edge carrier of the received signal.
33. The receiver according to claim 28 , wherein the signal was generated by the transmitter by mapping, to the predetermined second bit positions within the first set of binary addresses, data to be transmitted that is at least predominantly identical to data to be transmitted that is mapped to the predetermined second bit positions within the second set of binary addresses, and wherein the receiver is further operable to carry out the steps of: assessing a quality of each of the received second data stream and the received fourth data stream; and selecting for further processing a one of the received second data stream and the received fourth data stream that is determined, by the assessing step, to be of a higher-quality.
34. The receiver according to claim 28 , wherein the received data demapped from the second data stream is at least predominantly identical to the received data demapped from the fourth data stream, and wherein the receiver is configured for co-processing, by maximum ratio combining, each of the received second data stream and the received fourth data stream, to decode the at least predominantly identical data.
35. The receiver according to claim 28 , wherein the first modulation format is a same modulation format as the second modulation format.
This invention relates to a receiver system designed for processing signals with different modulation formats. The receiver includes a demodulator configured to demodulate a received signal using a first modulation format and a second modulation format. The demodulator is further configured to determine a modulation format of the received signal and select the appropriate modulation format for demodulation. The receiver also includes a decoder that decodes the demodulated signal based on the selected modulation format. In this specific embodiment, the first modulation format is identical to the second modulation format, meaning the receiver is optimized for signals using a single modulation scheme. The system ensures accurate signal processing by dynamically adjusting to the modulation format of the incoming signal, improving reliability in communication systems where modulation formats may vary or need verification. The invention addresses challenges in signal reception where mismatched modulation formats can lead to errors, providing a robust solution for consistent signal interpretation.
36. A method for transmitting using a super channel, the super channel having a set of carriers, each of which having a corresponding one of a set of wavelengths, the set of wavelengths being within a predetermined bandwidth, the set of carriers comprising a higher edge carrier and a lower edge carrier, the higher edge carrier having a corresponding highest wavelength among the set of wavelengths and the lower edge carrier having a corresponding a lowest wavelength among the set of wavelengths, the method comprising the steps of: modulating the higher edge carrier according to a first modulation format, the first modulation format being based on a first constellation comprising a first set of symbols, wherein each symbol of the first set of symbols has a corresponding one of a first set of binary addresses; modulating the lower edge carrier according to a second modulation format, the second modulation format being based on a second constellation comprising a second set of symbols, wherein each symbol of the second set of symbols has a corresponding one of a second set of binary addresses; separating digital data to be transmitted on the higher edge carrier into a first data stream and a second data stream; separating digital data to be transmitted on the lower edge carrier into a third data stream and a fourth data stream; mapping the first data stream to predetermined first bit positions of a first plurality of bit positions within the first set of binary addresses, and the second data stream to predetermined second bit positions of the first plurality of bit positions within the first set of binary addresses, wherein the predetermined first bit positions within the first set of binary addresses have an error probability that is less than an average error probability associated with the first plurality of bit positions within the first set of binary addresses; mapping the third data stream to predetermined first bit positions of a second plurality of bit positions within the second set of binary addresses, and the fourth data stream to predetermined second bit positions of the second plurality of bit positions within the second set of binary addresses, wherein the predetermined first bit positions within the second set of binary addresses have an error probability that is less than an average error probability associated with the second plurality of bit positions within the second set of binary addresses; and wherein at least one of: the first data stream is identical to the third data stream, and the second data stream is identical to the fourth data stream.
37. The method according to claim 36 , wherein the data separated into the second data stream is identical to the data separated into the fourth data stream, and wherein the data separated into the first data stream is different from the data separated into the third data stream.
This invention relates to data processing systems that separate input data into multiple data streams for parallel processing or transmission. The problem addressed is ensuring data consistency and integrity when splitting data into distinct streams, particularly in scenarios where identical data must be routed to different destinations while maintaining differentiation between other data subsets. The method involves receiving an input data stream and separating it into at least four distinct data streams. The second and fourth data streams contain identical data, ensuring synchronization or redundancy between these outputs. Meanwhile, the first and third data streams contain different data, allowing for specialized processing or transmission paths. This approach enables systems to maintain consistency for critical data while permitting flexibility in handling other data subsets. The separation process may involve filtering, routing, or encoding techniques to achieve the required data distribution. Applications include telecommunications, data storage, and distributed computing systems where identical data must be replicated across multiple channels while other data remains distinct. The method ensures that identical data is correctly routed to intended destinations without duplication errors, while different data is processed independently. This improves reliability in systems requiring synchronized data streams alongside differentiated data flows.
38. The method according to claim 36 , wherein the data separated into the second data stream is identical to the data separated into the fourth data stream, and wherein the data separated into the first data stream is identical to the data separated into the third data stream.
39. The method according to claim 36 , wherein forward error correction is applied to at least one of: the first data stream separately from an application of forward error correction to the second data stream, and the third data stream separately from an application of forward error correction to the fourth data stream.
This invention relates to data transmission systems, specifically methods for applying forward error correction (FEC) to multiple data streams in a way that improves error resilience and transmission efficiency. The problem addressed is the need to independently apply FEC to different data streams to optimize error correction based on their specific characteristics or requirements, rather than applying a uniform FEC scheme across all streams. The method involves transmitting at least two pairs of data streams, where each pair consists of a primary and a secondary data stream. For each pair, FEC is applied separately to the primary and secondary streams. This allows for tailored error correction, where the FEC parameters (such as code rate or redundancy level) can be adjusted independently for each stream based on factors like data sensitivity, transmission conditions, or bandwidth constraints. For example, a high-priority stream may receive stronger FEC, while a lower-priority stream may use a lighter FEC to conserve bandwidth. The independent FEC application ensures that errors in one stream do not propagate to the other, improving overall system reliability. This approach is particularly useful in scenarios where different streams have varying error tolerance levels, such as in multimedia streaming, where video and audio may require different FEC strategies. The method enhances data integrity and transmission efficiency by dynamically adapting error correction to the needs of each stream.
40. The method of claim 36 , wherein at least one of the first modulation format and the second modulation format is one of 16QAM, 32QAM, 64QAM, or 128QAM.
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February 9, 2021
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