Systems and Methods for Noise Analysis

1. A method for image noise analysis, comprising: acquiring a plurality of signals of a subject, wherein the subject is a physical point of an object, and the acquiring a plurality of signals of the subject includes: obtaining a plurality of images of the object, the plurality of images being acquired using an imaging device; and designating, as the plurality of signals of the subject, a plurality of pixel values each of which is in one of the plurality of images and corresponds to the physical point; determining, based on the plurality of signals, a signal representation of the subject; determining, based on at least one of the plurality of images of the object, a value of a signal disturbance for each of the plurality of signals; determining an updated signal representation of the subject by adding a corresponding value of the signal disturbance into each of the plurality of signals; determining a difference between the signal representation and the updated signal representation; and determining, based on the difference between the signal representation and the updated signal representation of the subject, a value of a noise parameter indicative of a signal level of the plurality of signals relative to noise of the plurality of signals.

2. The method of claim 1 , determining a value of a signal disturbance for each of the plurality of signals comprising: determining an estimated noise level and an estimated signal level in the at least one image; and for each of the plurality of signals, determining the value of the signal disturbance, the value of the signal disturbance being greater than the estimated noise level and smaller than the estimated signal level.

3. The method of claim 1 , determining a value of a signal disturbance for each of the plurality of signals comprising: for each of the plurality of signals, comparing a reference pixel value with one of the plurality of pixel values that corresponds to the signal to obtain a comparison result, the reference pixel value being determined based on the at least one of the plurality of images of the object; and determining, based on the comparison result, the value of the signal disturbance for the signal.

4. The method of claim 3 , wherein: for each of the plurality of signals, the comparison result includes that the pixel value that corresponds to the signal is greater than the reference pixel value, and the determining the value of the signal disturbance for the signal based on the comparison result includes determining that the signal disturbance has a first value, or the comparison result includes that the pixel value that corresponds to the signal is smaller than the reference pixel value, and the determining the value of the signal disturbance for the signal based on the comparison result includes determining that the signal disturbance has a second value, the second value being greater than the first value.

5. The method of claim 3 , further comprising: determining an average pixel value of the at least one of the plurality of images of the object; and designating the average pixel value as the reference pixel value.

6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the determining a value of a noise parameter indicative of a signal level of the plurality of signals relative to noise of the plurality of signals includes: determining; based on a relation function that measures the difference between the signal representation and the updated signal representation of the subject, the value of the noise parameter.

7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the signal representation of the subject is determined based on the plurality of signals according to a multiple dimension integration (MDI) algorithm.

8. A system for image noise analysis, comprising: at least one storage device including a set of instructions; and at least one processor configured to communicate with the at least one storage device, wherein when executing the set of instructions, the at least one processor is configured to direct the system to perform operations including: acquiring a plurality of signals of a subject, wherein the subject is a physical point of an object, and the acquiring a plurality of signals of the subject includes: obtaining a plurality of images of the object, the plurality of images being acquired using an imaging device; and designating, as the plurality of signals of the subject, a plurality of pixel values each of which is in one of the plurality of images and corresponds to the physical point; determining, based on the plurality of signals, a signal representation of the subject; determining, based on at least one of the plurality of images of the object, a value of a signal disturbance for each of the plurality of signals; determining an updated signal representation of the subject by adding a corresponding value of the signal disturbance into each of the plurality of signals; determining a difference between the signal representation and the updated signal representation; and determining, based on the difference between the signal representation and the updated signal representation of the subject, a value of a noise parameter indicative of a signal level of the plurality of signals relative to noise of the plurality of signals.

9. The system of claim 8 , wherein to determine a value of a signal disturbance for each of the plurality of signals, the at least one processor is further configured to direct the system to perform the operations including: determining an estimated noise level and an estimated signal level in the at least one image; and for each of the plurality of signals, determining the value of the signal disturbance, the value of the signal disturbance being greater than the estimated noise level and smaller than the estimated signal level.

10. The system of claim 8 , wherein to determine a value of a signal disturbance for each of the plurality of signals, the at least one processor is further configured to direct the system to perform the operations including: for each of the plurality of signals, comparing a reference pixel value with one of the plurality of pixel values that corresponds to the signal to obtain a comparison result, the reference pixel value being determined based on the at least one of the plurality of images of the object; and determining, based on the comparison result, the value of the signal disturbance for the signal.

11. The system of claim 10 , wherein: for each of the plurality of signals, the comparison result includes that the pixel value that corresponds to the signal is greater than the reference pixel value, and the determining the value of the signal disturbance for the signal based on the comparison result includes determining that the signal disturbance has a first value, or the comparison result includes that the pixel value that corresponds to the signal is smaller than the reference pixel value, and the determining the value of the signal disturbance for the signal based on the comparison result includes determining that the signal disturbance has a second value, the second value being greater than the first value.

12. The system of claim 10 , wherein the at least one processor is further configured to direct the system to perform the operations including: determining an average pixel value of the at least one of the plurality of images of the object; and designating the average pixel value as the reference pixel value.

13. The system of claim 8 , the at least one processor is further configured to direct the system to perform the operations including: for each of at least one of the plurality of images, adjusting, based on the value of the noise parameter, a display parameter of the pixel in the image that corresponds to the physical point.

14. The system of claim 8 , wherein at least one image of the plurality of images is a magnetic resonance (MR) image, an X-ray image, a computed tomography (CT) image, a positron emission tomography (PET) image, or an ultrasound (US) image.

15. The system of claim 8 , wherein each of the plurality of signals is represented in a form of a complex number or a real number.

16. The system of claim 8 , wherein the determining a value of a noise parameter indicative of a signal level of the plurality of signals relative to noise of the plurality of signals includes: determining, based on a relation function that measures the difference between the signal representation and the updated signal representation of the subject, the value of the noise parameter.

17. The system of claim 8 , wherein the signal representation of the subject is determined based on the plurality of signals according to a multiple dimension integration (MDI) algorithm.

18. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium including instructions that, when accessed by at least one processor of a system for image noise analysis; causes the system to perform a method, the method comprising: acquiring a plurality of signals of a subject, wherein the subject is a physical point of an object, and the acquiring a plurality of signals of the subject includes: obtaining a plurality of images of the object, the plurality of images being acquired using an imaging device; and designating, as the plurality of signals of the subject, a plurality of pixel values each of which is in one of the plurality of images and corresponds to the physical point: determining, based on the plurality of signals, a signal representation of the subject; determining based on at least one of the plurality of images of the object, a value of a signal disturbance for each of the plurality of signals; determining an updated signal representation of the subject by adding a corresponding value of the signal disturbance into each of the plurality of signals; determining a difference between the signal representation and the updated signal representation; and determining, based on the difference between the signal representation and the updated signal representation of the subject, a value of a noise parameter indicative of a signal level of the plurality of signals relative to noise of the plurality of signals.