Association Through Green Energy and Latency Awareness in Wireless Networks

1. A method to associate a base station with a communication device through a green energy aware and a latency aware (GALA) approach in a wireless network, the method comprising: receiving one or more metrics associated with two or more base stations, wherein the one or more metrics include a traffic load, an energy latency coefficient, and a green traffic load associated with each base station; determining one or more of a traffic arrival rate and a traffic departure rate associated with each base station, wherein the traffic arrival and departure rates are faster than a frequency at which each base station advertises its traffic load; analyzing a green energy usage status and a latency status of the two or more base stations based on the one or more metrics; enabling advertising of the green energy usage status and the latency status of the two or more base stations to the communication device; detecting a selection of one of the two or more base stations by the communication device; and updating a coverage area of the selected base station based on the selection.

2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising: determining a green energy generation rate change to be slower compared to a frequency to advertise the traffic load associated with each base station, prior to analyzing the green energy usage status and the latency status of the two or more base stations.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the energy latency coefficient is substantially constant.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein analyzing the green energy usage status and the latency status of the two or more base stations comprises: computing an index for each base station based on the one or more metrics; ordering the two or more base stations based on the index; and presenting the ordered base stations to the communication device to allow the selection by the communication device.

5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising: determining a perceived traffic load of the selected base station based on an energy consumption of the selected base station.

6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the energy consumption includes at least one from a set of: an on-grid energy consumption and an off-grid energy consumption.

7. The method of claim 5 , further comprising: computing a particular traffic load vector that reduces the green traffic load based on the perceived traffic load.

8. The method of claim 7 , further comprising: converging the perceived traffic load associated with the selected base station based on the particular traffic load vector.

9. The method of claim 8 , wherein updating the coverage area of the selected base station based on the selection includes: updating the coverage area of the selected base station based on the particular traffic load vector.

10. A computer-readable non-transitory storage medium with instructions stored thereon to associate a base station with a communication device through a green energy aware and a latency aware (GALA) approach in a wireless communication network, wherein the instructions, in response to execution by a processor, cause the method of claim 1 to be performed.

11. An apparatus to employ a green energy aware and a latency aware (GALA) approach in a wireless network, the apparatus comprising: a communication module configured to communicate with at least two or more base stations, a processor coupled to the communication module, wherein the processor is configured to: analyze one or more metrics associated with the two or more base stations, wherein the one or more metrics include a traffic load, an energy latency coefficient, and a green traffic load associated with each base station; determine one or more of a traffic arrival rate and a traffic departure rate associated with each base station, wherein the traffic arrival and departure rates are faster than a frequency at which each base station advertises its traffic load; analyze a green energy usage status and a latency status of the two or more base stations based on the one or more metrics; control the communication module to advertise the green energy usage status and the latency status of the two or more base stations to a communication device; detect a selection of one of the two or more base stations by the communication device; and update a coverage area of the selected base station based on the selection.

12. The apparatus according to claim 11 , wherein the processor is further configured to: determine a green energy generation rate change to be slower compared to a frequency of advertisement of the traffic load associated with each base station, prior to analysis of the green energy usage status and the latency status of the two or more base stations, wherein the energy latency coefficient is substantially constant.

13. The apparatus according to claim 11 , wherein the processor is further configured to: compute an index for each base station based on the one or more metrics; order the two or more base stations based on the index; and control the communication module to present the ordered base stations to the communication device to allow the selection.

14. The apparatus according to claim 11 , wherein the processor is further configured to: determine a perceived traffic load of the selected base station based on an energy consumption of the selected base station, wherein the energy consumption includes at least one from a set of: an on-grid energy consumption and an off-grid energy consumption.

15. The apparatus according to claim 14 , wherein the processor is further configured to: compute a particular traffic load vector that reduces the green traffic load based on the perceived traffic load; converge the traffic load associated with the selected base station based on the particular traffic load vector; and update the coverage area of the selected base station based on the particular traffic load vector.

16. The apparatus according to claim 11 , wherein the apparatus is integrated with a base station of the wireless network.

17. The apparatus according to claim 11 , wherein the wireless network comprises a heterogeneous cellular network.

18. The apparatus according to claim 11 , wherein the wireless network comprises a cellular network that is one of an Evolved Universal Mobile Telecommunications System Terrestrial Radio Access Network (eUTRAN), a long term evolution (LTE) network, an LTE-Advanced network, a high speed packet access (HSPA) network, or an advanced HSPA network.

19. The apparatus according to claim 11 , wherein the communication device includes an end device.

20. A system comprising: two or more base stations; a controller to associate one of the two or more base stations with one of a plurality of communication devices through a green energy aware and a latency aware (GALA) approach, wherein the controller is configured to: determine one or more of a traffic arrival rate and a traffic departure rate associated with each base station, wherein the traffic arrival and departure rates are faster than a frequency at which each base station advertises its traffic load; analyze a green energy usage status and a latency status of the two or more base stations based on one or more metrics associated with the two or more base stations, wherein the one or more metrics include the traffic load, an energy latency coefficient, and a green traffic load associated with each base station; compute an index for each base station based on the analysis; order the two or more base stations based on the index; enable advertisement of the ordered base stations to the plurality of communication devices; and detect a selection of one of the ordered base stations by the one of the plurality of communication devices.

21. The system according to claim 20 , wherein the controller is further configured to: prior to analysis of the green energy usage status and the latency status of the two or more base stations, further determine: a green energy generation rate change to be slower compared to a frequency of advertisement of the traffic load associated with each base station.

22. The system according to claim 20 , wherein the energy latency coefficient is substantially constant.

23. The system according to claim 20 , wherein the controller is further configured to: determine a perceived traffic load of the selected base station based on an energy consumption of the selected base station, wherein the energy consumption includes at least one from a set of: an on-grid energy consumption and an off-grid energy consumption; compute a particular traffic load vector that reduces the green traffic load based on the perceived traffic load; converge the traffic load associated with the selected base station based on the particular traffic load vector; and update a coverage area of the selected base station based on the particular traffic load vector.

24. The system according to claim 20 , wherein the controller is integrated in one of the two or more base stations.