Systems and Methods for Clustering Optimization to Help Resolve Boundary Problems in Communication Systems

1. A method comprising: segmenting multiple nodes of a communication system into multiple clustering plans, each clustering plan comprising multiple clusters that do not overlap with one another within that clustering plan, at least one of the clusters of one clustering plan overlapping at least one of the clusters of at least one other clustering plan, wherein one of the nodes is a boundary node in at least one cluster of at least one clustering plan and a non-boundary node in at least one other cluster of at least one other clustering plan; assigning network resources to individual clustering plans of the multiple clustering plans in accordance with the segmented multiple nodes in the multiple clustering plans, wherein each node of the multiple nodes is assigned resources from at least one of the clustering plans in which the node is a non-boundary node; and performing optimization individually for each cluster in each clustering plan.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein a performance of a boundary node in a first cluster is dependent on an operation of one or more nodes in an adjacent cluster.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein assigning the network resources to the individual clustering plans comprises: dividing at least some of the network resources among the clustering plans so that each clustering plan has adequate network resources for serving the non-boundary nodes within the clusters of that clustering plan.

4. The method of claim 3 , further comprising: assigning a portion of the network resources as common network resources to all of the clustering plans.

5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the common network resources are used only to serve non-boundary users in the clustering plans during optimization of the clustering plans, each non-boundary user representing a user in a cluster that does not excessively interfere with other clusters and that does not receive excessive interference from other clusters in the same clustering plan.

6. The method of claim 1 , wherein segmenting the nodes into the clustering plans comprises segmenting the nodes based on geographical locations of the nodes and each node's wireless coverage area.

7. The method of claim 1 , wherein segmenting the nodes into the clustering plans comprises segmenting the nodes based on mutual interference between the nodes.

8. The method of claim 7 , wherein nodes are added to a common cluster to increase a total mutual interference among the nodes within that common cluster and to minimize total interference between the common cluster and other clusters.

9. The method of claim 1 , wherein a boundary between two clusters in one clustering plan is at or near a center of a cluster in another clustering plan.

10. The method of claim 1 , further comprising: selecting a cluster controller for each cluster in each clustering plan to perform optimization for that cluster.

11. The method of claim 1 , further comprising: selecting a cluster controller to perform optimization for adjacent clusters in different clustering plans.

12. The method of claim 1 , wherein segmenting the multiple nodes into the multiple clustering plans comprises: segmenting cells of the communication system into the non-overlapping clusters of each clustering plan, each cluster having a central cell and multiple peripheral cells located around the central cell.

13. The method of claim 12 , wherein each peripheral cell in a cluster of one clustering plan is a central cell in a cluster of another clustering plan.

14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the network resources comprise at least one of: frequency bands, carriers, time frequency blocks, broadcast channels, data channels, control channels, encrypting codes, pseudo-random codes, memory storage, and antennas.

15. A method comprising: receiving an indication that a node in a communication system has been selected as a first cluster controller for a first cluster of nodes in the communication system, the first cluster being one of multiple non-overlapping clusters in a first clustering plan, the first clustering plan being one of multiple clustering plans; performing optimization for network resources in the communication system assigned to the first clustering plan using the first cluster controller; and performing optimization for network resources in the communication system assigned to a second clustering plan using a second cluster controller associated with a second cluster in the second clustering plan; wherein the network resources assigned to the first and second clustering plans are assigned in accordance with a segmentation of multiple nodes in the communication system into the first and second clustering plans; wherein the first cluster of the first clustering plan includes a boundary node that is a non-boundary node in the second cluster in the second clustering plan.

16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the cluster controllers perform the optimizations in parallel at the same time.

17. The method of claim 15 , wherein the cluster controllers perform the optimizations sequentially at different times.

18. The method of claim 17 , wherein one cluster controller calculates its optimization during times when another cluster controller implements its optimization.

19. The method of claim 15 , wherein the cluster controllers perform the optimizations a specified amount of time prior to implementation of the optimizations.

20. The method of claim 15 , wherein the cluster controllers optimize different portions of the network resources that are assigned to different ones of the multiple clustering plans.

21. The method of claim 15 , wherein the cluster controllers optimize common portions of the network resources at different times, the different times assigned to different ones of the multiple clustering plans.

22. The method of claim 15 , wherein: a specified node in the communication system comprises a node in the first clustering plan; and the specified node determines its users for transmission at a given resource unit belonging to the first clustering plan and determines an associated modulation and coding scheme (MCS) level based on at least one of power levels and precodings identified by adjacent nodes belonging to the same cluster controller or other cluster controllers in the first clustering plan, wherein the users and MCS level are determined using an optimization algorithm for neighboring nodes within and outside a cluster of the specified node.

23. The method of claim 15 , wherein: a specified node in the communication system comprises a node in the first clustering plan; and the specified node determines its users for transmission at a given resource unit belonging to the first clustering plan and determines an associated modulation and coding scheme (MCS) level, a precoding value, and a power level based on interference levels or rules provided for adjacent nodes belonging to the same cluster controller or other cluster controllers in the first clustering plan, wherein the users, MCS level, precoding value, and power level are determined using an optimization algorithm for neighboring nodes within and outside a cluster of the specified node.

24. The method of claim 15 , wherein: each node is assigned resources from at least one of the clustering plans in which the node is a non-boundary node; and performing the optimizations comprises performing optimization individually for each cluster in each clustering plan.

25. A method comprising: receiving multiple messages at a specified node in a communication system, the messages identifying operating parameters to be used by different portions of network resources in the communication system; and operating the specified node using the operating parameters for the network resources; wherein the messages are received from different cluster controllers associated with different clusters of nodes in the communication system, the different clusters associated with different clustering plans; wherein the specified node is a boundary node in at least one cluster of at least one clustering plan and a non-boundary node in at least one other cluster of the at least one clustering plan; and wherein the different portions of the network resources are assigned to the different clustering plans in accordance with a segmentation of multiple nodes in the communication system into the different clustering plans.

26. The method of claim 25 , wherein operating the specified node comprises starting use of the operating parameters a specified time after receiving the multiple messages.

27. The method of claim 25 , wherein a performance of a boundary node in a first cluster is dependent on an operation of one or more nodes in an adjacent cluster.

28. The method of claim 25 , wherein the different portions of the network resources are optimized to address boundary problems associated with the different clusters in which the specified node resides.

29. A method comprising: segmenting multiple nodes of a communication system into multiple clusters to form first cluster instances of a first clustering plan, the first cluster instances having associated cluster controllers; modifying boundaries of the clusters to segment the multiple nodes to form second cluster instances of a second clustering plan, wherein a boundary node in at least one cluster instance is a non-boundary node in at least one other cluster instance; and assigning different portions of network resources to the first and second cluster instances in accordance with the segmented multiple nodes in the first and second clustering plans, the cluster controllers configured to optimize the different portions of the network resources for the first and second cluster instances.

30. The method of claim 29 , wherein modifying the boundaries of the clusters comprises: expanding at least one boundary of each cluster and contracting at least one other boundary of each cluster.

31. The method of claim 29 , wherein: at least some of the nodes reside in multiple cluster instances; and assigning the different portions of the network resources comprises dividing at least some of the network resources among the cluster instances so that each cluster instance has adequate network resources for serving the non-boundary nodes within that cluster instance.

32. The method of claim 1 , further comprising allocating network resources to boundary users based on one of the clustering plans in which a serving node of the boundary users is not a boundary node, wherein the boundary users also are served by boundary nodes and are at a boundary of a cluster in another of the clustering plans.

33. The method of claim 1 , wherein the network resources comprise power allocations.

34. The method of claim 1 , wherein the optimization comprises joint power control optimization and scheduling optimization.