Legal claims defining the scope of protection. Each claim is shown in both the original legal language and a plain English translation.
1. A dynamic spectrum management (DSM) engine comprising: a transceiver configured to: transmit a first sensing task request to at least two of a plurality of wireless transmit/receive units (WTRUs) requesting that the at least two of the plurality of WTRUs measure information indicative of usage of spectrum by other devices, receive first sensing results from a first WTRU of the at least two of the plurality of WTRUs at a plurality of periodic intervals, and receive second sensing results from a second WTRU of the at least two of the plurality of WTRUs at the plurality of periodic intervals, wherein the first sensing results and the second sensing results indicate whether, at each of the plurality of periodic intervals, the spectrum is being used by the other devices at a time that the information was measured; and a processing unit configured to: determine whether the first sensing results and the second sensing results indicate that the first WTRU and the second WTRU are uncorrelated, wherein the first WTRU and the second WTRU are not simultaneously located in an interference area with respect to a third WTRU of the at least two of the plurality of WTRUs, and select a subset of the at least two of the plurality of WTRUs to which to transmit a second sensing task request based on results of the determining, wherein the subset comprises at least the first WTRU and the second WTRU, and wherein the second sensing task request instructs each WTRU of the subset to perform a second sensing task for a plurality of channels.
A dynamic spectrum management (DSM) system manages wireless spectrum usage. It sends a request to at least two wireless devices (WTRUs) to measure spectrum usage by other devices. It receives spectrum usage reports from a first WTRU and a second WTRU periodically. The system checks if the reports from the first and second WTRUs are uncorrelated, meaning they aren't simultaneously affected by the same interference impacting a third WTRU. Based on this correlation check, it selects a subset of WTRUs (including the first and second) to send a second request to perform a detailed spectrum sensing task across multiple channels.
2. The dynamic spectrum management (DSM) engine of claim 1 , wherein: the transceiver is further configured to receive additional sensing results from each of the subset to which the second sensing task request was sent, wherein the additional sensing results comprise at least one indication that the spectrum is being used by the other devices; and the processing unit is further configured to determine whether the other devices are using the spectrum based at least on the additional sensing results and other information indicating a reliability of the additional sensing results.
The dynamic spectrum management (DSM) system described above receives further spectrum usage reports from the selected subset of WTRUs, indicating if other devices are using the spectrum. The system then determines whether other devices are using the spectrum, considering both these reports and other information reflecting the reliability of those reports.
3. The dynamic spectrum management (DSM) engine of claim 2 , wherein the other information comprises at least one of an estimated signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) or a number of samples used in a metric computation.
In the dynamic spectrum management (DSM) system that receives reliability-assessed spectrum reports, the reliability information includes the estimated signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the measurements or the number of samples used when computing a metric to determine spectrum usage.
4. The dynamic spectrum management (DSM) engine of claim 2 , wherein the processing unit is further configured to determine whether the other devices are using the spectrum by: attributing a weight to each of the additional sensing results based on the other information indicating the reliability of the additional sensing results; and combining the additional sensing results into an overall metric using the weight attributed to each of the additional sensing results.
In the dynamic spectrum management (DSM) system that receives reliability-assessed spectrum reports, the system determines if other devices are using the spectrum by assigning a weight to each report based on its reliability information. These weighted reports are combined into a single metric to reach a decision about spectrum usage.
5. The dynamic spectrum management (DSM) engine of claim 1 , wherein the transceiver is further configured to transmit the second sensing task request to at least two of the subset and receive inphase/quadrature (I/Q) data samples from the at least two of the subset; and wherein the processing unit is further configured to determine whether the other devices are using the spectrum based on the received I/Q data samples.
The dynamic spectrum management (DSM) system sends a second spectrum sensing task request to a subset of wireless devices (WTRUs) and receives in-phase/quadrature (I/Q) data samples from at least two of them. The system then determines if other devices are using the spectrum based on the received I/Q data samples.
6. The dynamic spectrum management (DSM) engine of claim 1 , wherein the third WTRU of the at least two of the plurality of WTRUs is a primary WTRU.
In the dynamic spectrum management (DSM) system that checks for uncorrelated readings, the "third WTRU," the one used as a reference point for interference, is designated as a primary WTRU.
7. A method implemented in a dynamic spectrum management (DSM) engine, the method comprising: transmitting a first sensing task request to at least two of a plurality of wireless transmit/receive units (WTRUs) requesting that the at least two of the plurality of WTRUs measure information indicative of usage of spectrum by other devices; receiving first sensing results from a first WTRU of the at least two of the plurality of WTRUs at a plurality of periodic intervals, receiving second sensing results from a second WTRU of the at least two of the plurality of WTRUs at the plurality of periodic intervals, wherein the first sensing results and the second sensing results indicate whether, at each of the plurality of periodic intervals, the spectrum is being used by the other devices at a time that the information was measured; determining whether the first sensing results and the second sensing results indicate the first WTRU and the second WTRU are uncorrelated, wherein the first WTRU and the second WTRU are not simultaneously located in an interference area with respect to a third WTRU of the at least two of the plurality of WTRUs; and selecting a subset of the at least two of the plurality of WTRUs to which to transmit a second sensing task request based on results of the determining, wherein the subset comprises at least the first WTRU and the second WTRU, and wherein the second sensing task request instructs each WTRU of the subset to perform a second sensing task for a plurality of channels.
A method implemented in a dynamic spectrum management (DSM) system involves sending a spectrum sensing task request to at least two wireless devices (WTRUs) to measure spectrum usage by other devices. The method receives spectrum usage reports from a first WTRU and a second WTRU periodically. It then checks if these reports are uncorrelated, meaning they are not simultaneously affected by interference impacting a third WTRU. Based on this, it selects a subset of WTRUs (including the first and second) to send a second request, tasking them with a detailed spectrum sensing task across multiple channels.
8. The method of claim 7 , further comprising: receiving additional sensing results from each WTRU of the subset to which the second sensing task request was sent, the additional sensing results comprising at least one indication that the spectrum is being used by the other devices; and determining whether the other devices are using the spectrum based at least on the additional sensing results and other information indicating a reliability of the additional sensing results.
The dynamic spectrum management (DSM) method described above also includes receiving further spectrum usage reports from the selected subset of WTRUs, indicating if other devices are using the spectrum. The method determines if other devices are using the spectrum based on both these reports and other information reflecting the reliability of those reports.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the other information comprises at least one of an estimated signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) or a number of samples used in a metric computation.
In the dynamic spectrum management (DSM) method that receives reliability-assessed spectrum reports, the reliability information includes the estimated signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the measurements or the number of samples used when computing a metric to determine spectrum usage.
10. The method of claim 8 , wherein the determining comprises: attributing a weight to each of the additional sensing results based on the other information; and combining the additional sensing results into an overall metric using the weight attributed to each of the additional sensing results.
In the dynamic spectrum management (DSM) method that receives reliability-assessed spectrum reports, determining if other devices are using the spectrum involves assigning a weight to each report based on its reliability. These weighted reports are combined into a single metric to reach a decision about spectrum usage.
11. The method of claim 7 , further comprising: transmitting the second sensing task request to at least two of the subset; receiving inphase/quadrature (I/Q) data samples from the at least two of the subset; and determining whether the other devices are using the spectrum based on the received I/Q data samples.
The dynamic spectrum management (DSM) method also includes sending a second spectrum sensing task request to a subset of wireless devices (WTRUs) and receiving in-phase/quadrature (I/Q) data samples from at least two of them. It determines if other devices are using the spectrum based on the received I/Q data samples.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the determining whether the other devices are using the spectrum based on the received I/Q data comprises: computing an average power spectral density (PSD) based on the received I/Q data samples; and determining whether the other devices are using the spectrum based on the computed average PSD.
In the dynamic spectrum management (DSM) method, determining if other devices are using the spectrum based on I/Q data involves calculating an average power spectral density (PSD) from the received I/Q data samples. The determination of spectrum usage is made based on this computed average PSD.
13. The method of claim 11 , wherein the determining whether the other devices are using the spectrum based on the received I/Q data comprises computing the average PSD over a configurable-length time window.
In the dynamic spectrum management (DSM) method using I/Q data, the average PSD is computed over a configurable time window.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein a length of the configurable-length time window depends on at least one of a type of interferer detected by the subset, an amount of time required to detect the third WTRU, a mobility of the subset, or a knowledge of a noise level on a channel.
In the dynamic spectrum management (DSM) method with a configurable time window for PSD, the window length depends on factors such as the type of interfering device detected, the time required to detect the third WTRU, the mobility of the WTRUs doing the sensing, or known noise levels on the channel.
15. The method of claim 11 , wherein the determining whether the other devices are using the spectrum based on the received I/Q data samples comprises: estimating autocorrelation properties of the received I/Q data samples; calculating a decision metric based on the estimated autocorrelation properties; determining whether the decision metric exceeds a decision threshold; on a condition that the decision metric exceeds the decision threshold, determining that the other devices are using the spectrum; and on a condition that the decision metric does not exceed the decision threshold, determining that the other devices are not using the spectrum.
In the dynamic spectrum management (DSM) method, spectrum usage based on I/Q data involves estimating autocorrelation properties of the received I/Q data samples. A decision metric is calculated from these autocorrelations. The system compares this metric to a threshold. If the metric exceeds the threshold, it determines that other devices are using the spectrum; otherwise, it determines that they are not.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the calculating the decision metric is performed based on: P 1 = M · R yy ( 0 ) , P 2 = M · ∑ i = 0 M - 1 R yy ( j ) 2 , and wherein the determining whether the decision metric exceeds the decision threshold is based on: P 1 2 MP 2 ≥ < γ , wherein y(n) is an input signal, M is a number of offset autocorrelations being considered and γ is the decision threshold, and wherein R yy is an autocorrelation.
In the autocorrelation-based spectrum sensing method, the decision metric calculations involve P1 = M * Ryy(0) and P2 = M * sum(abs(Ryy(j))^2) for j=0 to M-1, where Ryy is the autocorrelation of the input signal y(n), and M is the number of considered autocorrelation offsets. The determination of spectrum usage depends on the inequality P1^2 / (M * P2) >= gamma, where gamma is the decision threshold.
17. The method of claim 7 , further comprising transmitting at least one new spectrum allocation to the at least two of the plurality of WTRUs on a condition that the other devices are using the spectrum that was previously allocated to the at least two of the plurality of WTRUs.
The dynamic spectrum management (DSM) method further involves transmitting at least one new spectrum allocation to at least two of the WTRUs if it is determined that other devices are using the spectrum that was previously allocated to these WTRUs.
18. The method of claim 7 , further comprising generating sensing objects comprising additional information for configuring hardware of the DSM engine to obtain the first sensing results and the second sensing results, wherein the hardware is configured differently depending on a content of the additional information comprised in each respective sensing object.
The dynamic spectrum management (DSM) method includes generating sensing objects which contain additional information for configuring the DSM engine's hardware to acquire the initial spectrum sensing results. The hardware is configured uniquely according to the information in each sensing object.
19. The method of claim 7 , further comprising: allocating spectrum for use by the plurality of WTRUs; and receiving a notification from one of the plurality of WTRUs indicating that the one of the plurality of WTRUs detected a change in performance of a wireless link corresponding to use of the spectrum by the third WTRU.
The dynamic spectrum management (DSM) method includes allocating spectrum for use by the wireless devices (WTRUs). It also involves receiving a notification from one of the WTRUs indicating a performance change on its wireless link, related to the use of the spectrum by a third WTRU.
20. The method of claim 7 , wherein the third WTRU of the at least two of the plurality of WTRUs is a primary WTRU.
In the dynamic spectrum management (DSM) system, the "third WTRU," the one used as a reference point for interference in checking the correlation of spectrum reports, is designated as a primary WTRU.
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September 19, 2017
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