Backscatter characterization using interlinearly adaptive electromagnetic X-ray scanning

Methods and an x-ray source for sweeping an x-ray beam across an object of inspection. A beam of electrons is emitted by a cathode, while a sweep controller applies a signal to a beam controller in a prescribed path on an anode, thereby causing an x-ray beam to be emitted from an aperture disposed at one apex of a snout of variable length. The aperture may be a Rommel aperture that allows for forming a scanning x-ray of desired size and flux independently of the angle at which the beam is emitted. Scanning rate may be varied during the course of a scan. Multiple x-ray beams may be formed simultaneously, where one beam is inside a conveyance while the other is outside the conveyance, for example.