Control method of susceptible inrush currents passing through a load switch, and corresponding electronic circuit

1. A method of controlling inrush currents by current flow through a switch coupled between an input terminal that receives a first voltage and an output terminal coupled to a decoupling capacitor and to a load, the method comprising: comparing the first voltage and a second voltage that is present at the output terminal; activating, in a first mode of operation, as a function of a result of the comparing, a first adjustment stage that limits a positive inrush current flowing between the input terminal and the output terminal; and activating, in a second mode of operation, as the function of the result of the comparing, a second adjustment stage that limits a negative inrush current flowing between the output terminal and the input terminal.

2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the first adjustment stage is activated to limit the positive inrush current when the first voltage is higher than the second voltage, and wherein the second adjustment stage is activated to limit the negative inrush current when the second voltage is higher than the first voltage.

3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the first adjustment stage limits the positive inrush current by: transforming a positive variation of the second voltage into a variation of a first intermediate current; generating a first reference current; and increasing a voltage of a gate of a switching transistor of the switch if the first intermediate current is greater than the first reference current.

4. The method according to claim 3 , wherein the second adjustment stage limits the negative inrush current by: transforming a negative variation of the second voltage into a variation of a second intermediate current; generating a second reference current; and increasing the voltage of the gate of the switching transistor if the second intermediate current is greater than the second reference current.

5. An electronic circuit, comprising: a switch coupled between an input terminal intended to receive a first voltage and an output terminal coupled to a decoupling capacitor and intended to also be coupled to a load; a comparison stage configured to compare the first voltage and a second voltage that is present at the output terminal; a first adjustment stage configured to limit a positive inrush current flowing between the input terminal and the output terminal; a second adjustment stage configured to limit a negative inrush current flowing between the output terminal and the input terminal; and a control circuit configured to activate either the first adjustment stage or the second adjustment stage as a function of a result of the comparison.

6. The circuit according to claim 5 , wherein the control circuit is configured to activate the first adjustment stage to limit the positive inrush current when the first voltage is greater than the second voltage; and the control circuit is configured to activate the second adjustment stage to limit the negative inrush current when the second voltage is greater than the first voltage.

7. The circuit according to claim 6 , wherein the switch comprises a switching transistor and the first adjustment stage comprises: a first detection capacitor configured to transform a positive variation of the second voltage into a variation of a first intermediate current via a first current mirror module; a first reference current module configured to generate a first reference current; and a first voltage adjustment module configured to increase the voltage of a gate of the switching transistor if the first intermediate current is greater than the first reference current.

8. The circuit according to claim 7 , wherein the second adjustment stage comprises: a second detection capacitor configured to transform a negative variation of the second voltage into a variation of a second intermediate current via a second current mirror module; a second reference current module configured to generate a second reference current; and a second voltage adjustment module configured to increase the voltage of the gate of the switching transistor if the second intermediate current is greater than the second reference current.

9. The circuit according to claim 8 , wherein the first and second reference current modules are substantially identical; the first and second reference currents are substantially identical; and the first and second voltage adjustment modules are substantially identical.

10. The circuit according to claim 9 , wherein the switching transistor comprises a pMOS transistor.

11. The circuit according to claim 10 , wherein the first and second voltage adjustment modules each comprise a pMOS transistor with a source coupled to a node that carries the larger of the first and second voltages and a drain coupled to the gate of the switching transistor.

12. The circuit according to claim 7 , wherein the switching transistor comprises a pMOS transistor.

13. The circuit according to claim 5 , wherein the switch, the comparison stage, the first adjustment stage, the second adjustment stage, and the control circuit are integrated in a single semiconductor die.

14. The circuit according to claim 5 , further comprising a battery coupled to the first adjustment stage.

15. The circuit according to claim 5 , wherein the circuit is part of a cellular mobile telephone, a tablet, or a laptop computer.

16. An electronic circuit, comprising: a switch coupled between an input terminal intended to receive a first voltage and an output terminal coupled to a decoupling capacitor and intended to also be coupled to a load; a comparison stage configured to compare the first voltage and a second voltage that is present at the output terminal; and an adjustment stage configured, in response to a result of the comparing by the comparison stage, to: limit, in a first mode of operation, a positive inrush current flowing between the input terminal and the output terminal, and limit, in a second mode of operation, a negative inrush current flowing between the output terminal and the input terminal.

17. The electronic circuit according to claim 16 , wherein the adjustment stage limits the positive inrush current by: transforming a positive variation of the second voltage into a variation of a first intermediate current; generating a first reference current; and increasing a voltage of a gate of a switching transistor of the switch if the first intermediate current is greater than the first reference current.

18. The electronic circuit according to claim 16 , wherein the adjustment stage limits the negative inrush current by: transforming a negative variation of the second voltage into a variation of a second intermediate current; generating a second reference current; and increasing the voltage of the gate of the switching transistor if the second intermediate current is greater than the second reference current.

19. The electronic circuit according to claim 16 , wherein the adjustment stage comprises a first adjustment stage and a second adjustment stage, wherein the first stage adjustment stage is configured to limit the positive inrush current, and wherein the second stage is configured to limit the negative inrush current.

20. The electronic circuit according to claim 16 , wherein the adjustment stage is configured to receive the result of the comparing from the comparison stage.