Systems and methods of embodiments provide a feasible approach to implementing Far-Field Radiated Emission Design (FFRED) techniques suitable for simultaneous transmission of radar and communication signals. A set of signals for transmission and a transmission direction for each signal of the set of signals may be determined. The set of signals includes at least a first signal associated with a first transmission direction and a second signal associated with a second transmission direction that is different from the first direction. An optimization problem is configured based on characteristics of an antenna array and the set of signals and then solved to identify a set of waveforms suitable for transmitting the signals. The set of waveforms may include at least two waveforms, each of the at least two waveforms configured for transmission by a different antenna element of the antenna array. The determined waveforms may be coherent in the far-field and suitable for power efficient transmission.
Legal claims defining the scope of protection, as filed with the USPTO.
1. A method comprising: determining, by one or more processors, a set of signals for transmission and a transmission direction for each signal of the set of signals, wherein the set of signals comprise at least a first signal and a second signal, the first signal associated with a first transmission direction and the second signal associated with a second transmission direction that is different from the first transmission direction; configuring, by the one or more processors, an optimization problem based on first characteristics of an antenna array and second characteristics of the set of signals, wherein the optimization problem is associated with a far-field radiated emission design and corresponds to minimization of an objective function over a phase vector associated with the set of signals; solving, by the one or more processors, the optimization problem to identify a set of waveforms, wherein the set of waveforms comprises at least two waveforms, each of the at least two waveforms corresponding to a different antenna element of the antenna array; and transmitting, by the one or more processors, the set of waveforms from the antenna elements of the antenna array, wherein: at least a first waveform of the two waveforms comprises a radar waveform, at least a second waveform of the two waveforms comprises a communication waveform, and the first waveform and the second waveform are transmitted simultaneously.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the objective function is a function of at least the first transmission direction and the second transmission direction, the method further comprising: receiving a set of radar waveform returns corresponding to reflections of the radar waveforms; and performing moving target detection based on the received radar waveform returns.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein: the communication waveforms comprise telemetry signals, the set of waveforms comprise constant amplitude waveforms, and the set of waveforms comprise a different waveform for each antenna element of the antenna array.
4. The method of claim 1, further comprising repeatedly performing the determining, the configuring, and the solving based on changes to the set of signals over time.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the changes to the set of signals over time correspond to changes in characteristics of communication signals.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein solving the optimization problem comprises minimization of a cost function configured to reduce wasted energy during transmission of the set of signals.
7. The method of claim 1, further comprising: operating an amplifier of a transmitter in a saturation region to transmit the set of waveforms.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein at least the first signal or at least the second signal changes from pulse-to-pulse.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the first characteristics of the antenna array include a shape of the antenna elements.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the second characteristics of the set of signals includes, for each of the first signal and the second signal, the first transmission direction and the second transmission direction.
11. The method of claim 1, wherein solving the optimization problem comprises minimizing the objective function over the phase vector.
12. The method of claim 1, wherein a first modulation of a first waveform of the at least two waveforms differs from a second modulation of a second waveform of the at least two waveforms.
13. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing instructions that, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform operations comprising: determining a set of signals for transmission and a transmission direction for each signal of the set of signals, wherein the set of signals comprise at least a first signal and a second signal, the first signal associated with a first transmission direction and the second signal associated with a second transmission direction that is different from the first transmission direction; configuring an optimization problem based on first characteristics of an antenna array and second characteristics of the set of signals, wherein the optimization problem is associated with a far-field radiated emission design and corresponds to minimization of an objective function over a phase vector associated with the set of signals; solving the optimization problem to identify a set of waveforms, wherein the set of waveforms comprises at least two waveforms, each of the at least two waveforms corresponding to a different antenna element of the antenna array; and transmitting the set of waveforms from the antenna elements of the antenna array corresponding to the at least two waveforms, wherein: at least a first waveform of the two waveforms comprises a radar waveform, at least a second waveform of the two waveforms comprises a communication waveform, and the first waveform and the second waveform are transmitted simultaneously.
14. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 13, wherein the communication waveforms comprise telemetry signals, the set of waveforms comprise constant amplitude waveforms, and the operations further comprise: receiving a set of radar waveform returns corresponding to reflections of the radar waveforms; and performing moving target detection based on the received radar waveform returns.
15. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 13, wherein the set of waveforms comprise a different waveform for each antenna element of the antenna array, and wherein solving the optimization problem comprises minimization of a cost function configured to reduce wasted energy during transmission of the set of signals.
16. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 13, the operations comprising repeatedly performing the determining, the configuring, and the solving based on changes to the set of signals over time.
17. A system comprising: an antenna array comprising a plurality of antenna elements; one or more processors configured to: determine a set of signals for transmission by the plurality of antenna elements and a transmission direction for each signal of the set of signals, wherein the set of signals comprise at least a first signal and a second signal, the first signal associated with a first transmission direction and the second signal associated with a second transmission direction that is different from the first transmission direction; configure an optimization problem based on first characteristics of the antenna array and second characteristics of the set of signals, wherein the optimization problem is associated with a far-field radiated emission design and corresponds to minimization of an objective function over a phase vector associated with the set of signals; solve the optimization problem to identify a set of waveforms, wherein the set of waveforms comprises at least two waveforms, each of the at least two waveforms corresponding to a different antenna element of the plurality of antenna elements; and initiate transmission of the set of waveforms from the antenna elements of the antenna array corresponding to the at least two waveforms, wherein: at least a first waveform of the two waveforms comprises a radar waveform, at least a second waveform of the two waveforms comprises a communication waveform, and the first waveform and the second waveform are transmitted simultaneously.
18. The system of claim 17, the one or more processors are further configured to: receive a set of radar waveform returns corresponding to reflections of the radar waveforms; and perform moving target detection based on the received radar waveform returns.
19. The system of claim 17, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to: repeatedly determine the set of signals, configure the optimization problem, and solve the optimization problem based on changes to the set of signals over time.
20. The system of claim 17, wherein, to solve the optimization problem, the one or more processors are configured to: minimize a cost function configured to reduce wasted energy during transmission of the set of signals.
Cooperative Patent Classification codes for this invention. Click any code to explore related patents in that topic.
October 30, 2020
June 3, 2025
Browse 5M+ US patents with plain-English claim translations and AI-generated analysis.