Wireless communication device and method to operate near-full duplex wireless mesh network

None

Certain embodiments of the disclosure relate to a wireless communication system. More specifically, certain embodiments of the disclosure relate to a wireless communication device and a method to operate the wireless communication device in a near-full duplex wireless mesh network.

Conventional wireless communication devices, such as Wi-Fi® routers, access points, and mesh network nodes, are commonly used to provide internet connectivity and extend wireless coverage across homes, offices, and enterprise environments. However, individual wireless devices, such as Wi-Fi® devices, have inherent coverage limitations due to limited range of Wi-Fi® signals under current communication protocols. Thus, multiple wireless devices are deployed in a wireless mesh network to extend coverage and provide wireless connectivity across extended areas.

As wireless device deployments have expanded to meet growing connectivity demands, the available frequency spectrum has become increasingly congested. The commonly used 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz frequency bands host numerous overlapping networks, which may cause significant interference between neighboring wireless devices. Under ideal conditions, 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi® typically supports data rates up to 450 Mbps or 600 Mbps, while 5 GHz Wi-Fi® can achieve up to 1300 Mbps. However, in real-world environments with multiple competing devices and interference sources, the actual achievable data rates are substantially lower than the theoretical data rates. The spectrum congestion issue is particularly severe in dense deployment scenarios such as office buildings, residential complexes, and urban areas where multiple wireless networks operate in proximity. Existing solutions may include wired alternatives such as Ethernet or fiber optic networks that provide better connectivity without spectrum congestion in dense deployment scenarios. However, the wired alternatives are difficult to deploy across large campuses, multi-building complexes, and industrial environments and offer limited flexibility.

Furthermore, conventional wireless communication devices exacerbate spectrum congestion issues due to operational limitations. For example, the conventional wireless communication devices operate in a wireless local area network (WLAN) in half-duplex mode where the conventional wireless communication devices cannot transmit and receive data at the same time on the same frequency band. When a wireless communication device transmits data, the transmission signal blocks the wireless communication device from detecting incoming signals. The signal blockage creates a fundamental efficiency issue in congested networks where multiple wireless communication devices need to communicate at the same time. The half-duplex limitation forces wireless communication devices to compete for the same limited frequency resources using time-based access methods.

Further limitations and disadvantages of conventional and traditional approaches will become apparent to one of skill in the art through comparison of such systems with some aspects of the present disclosure as set forth in the remainder of the present application with reference to the drawings.

A wireless communication device and a method to operate the wireless communication device in a near-full duplex wireless mesh network, substantially as shown in and/or described in connection with at least one of the figures, as set forth more completely in the claims.

These and other advantages, aspects and novel features of the present disclosure, as well as details of an illustrated embodiment thereof, will be more fully understood from the following description and drawings.

Certain embodiments of the disclosure may be found in a wireless communication device and a method to operate the wireless communication device in a near full duplex wireless mesh network.

In conventional wireless communication systems, standard Time Division Duplex (TDD) frame structure may operate by alternating radio frequency (RF) signal transmission and RF signal reception periods within a single frequency band. The standard TDD frame structure may utilize balanced time allocation ratios. The standard TDD frame structure may allocate approximately equal time periods for RF signal transmission and RF signal reception. For example, a 10-millisecond frame contains 5 milliseconds for downlink transmission and 5 milliseconds for uplink reception with guard periods between transitions. In conventional LTE TDD configuration, the frame structure may follow a specific pattern across ten 1-millisecond subframes. The standard TDD frame structure may result in approximately 60% downlink time and 40% uplink time allocation. The standard TDD approach may require the same wireless communication device to switch between transmission mode and reception mode on the same frequency. The switching may generate switching overhead and limits concurrent bidirectional communication capability. The conventional frame structure may utilize guard periods of 10-50 microseconds between transmission-to-reception transitions to prevent interference. However, the wireless communication device may only transmit or receive the RF signals at any given time instant, never both concurrently. Further, conventional Wi-Fi® systems may traditionally operate by use of Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA) in a half-duplex manner. In CSMA/CA systems, the wireless communication devices may wait for channel access rather than using structured TDD frames.

Further, some conventional wireless communication systems attempt to address the TDD timing limitations within a single frequency band. The conventional wireless communication systems may allocate different spectrum portions for uplink and downlink with unequal time-bandwidth allocation. The conventional approaches may divide one frequency band into overlapping first and second portions with different spectrum bandwidths. However, the conventional approaches still face the fundamental limitation of operating in a half-duplex communication mode within a single frequency band. The single-band operation may restrict the ability to achieve true concurrent bidirectional communication.

The present disclosure solves the single-band limitations through a different approach. The wireless communication device may utilize two radio transceivers (e.g., a first wireless radio transceiver and a second wireless radio transceiver) that operate on different frequency bands. The first wireless radio transceiver may focus primarily on RF signal transmission operations on a first frequency band with a first TDD configuration. The second wireless radio transceiver may focus primarily on RF signal reception operations on a second frequency band with a second TDD configuration. A dual-band approach along with dual radio transceivers may enable near-concurrent bidirectional communication, which is not achievable with conventional single-band half-duplex wireless communication systems (e.g., conventional Wi-Fi® systems). For example, two radio transceivers within one wireless communication device exploit the fundamental limitation of conventional Wi-Fi® carrier sense mechanisms, which typically monitor only a single frequency band for interference detection. In the disclosed approach, the first wireless radio transceiver operates on a first frequency band (e.g., 2.4 or 5 GHz) while the second wireless radio transceiver operates on a second frequency band (e.g., 6 or 7 GHz). When a conventional Wi-Fi® device performs carrier sensing using CSMA/CA, it monitors the specific frequency band on which it intends to transmit. For example, if a conventional Wi-Fi® device is configured to transmit RF signals on the 2.4 GHz band, the carrier sense mechanism of the conventional Wi-Fi® device only detects RF energy and ongoing transmissions within that 2.4 GHz spectrum. The carrier sense mechanism remains unaware of concurrent transmissions occurring on different frequency bands, such as the 5, 6, or 7 GHz band. The two radio transceivers in the disclosed wireless communication device leverage the carrier sense mechanism limitation by coordinating transmissions across both frequency bands. The first wireless radio transceiver may transmit on the first frequency band while the second wireless radio transceiver concurrently receives on the second frequency band. The approach effectively creates “invisible” bidirectional communication from the conventional Wi-Fi® device perspective. The conventional system believes the Wi-Fi® device is dealing with standard half-duplex operation on a single band, while the two radio transceivers achieves near-concurrent bidirectional communication across two separate frequency bands. The carrier sense mechanism's inability to monitor multiple bands concurrently enables such dual-band deception, allowing the disclosed wireless communication device to bypass the fundamental half-duplex limitations of conventional Wi-Fi® systems.

Furthermore, the disclosed wireless communication device may utilize dual-polarized phased array antennas to communicate data on orthogonal polarizations. The orthogonal polarizations may reduce self-interference between RF signal transmission and RF signal reception operations on the different frequency bands. The disclosed wireless communication device uses dual-band approach with intelligent TDD coordination that enables the wireless communication device to achieve 80-90% full-duplex efficiency. The dual-band approach using the dual wireless radio transceivers may provide significant advantages over traditional single-band Wi-Fi® mesh networks. The disclosed wireless communication device achieves double aggregate throughput capacity from near-concurrent RF signal transmission and RF signal reception operations across both frequency bands. Conventional half-duplex systems may achieve only 50% capacity utilization at any given time by alternating between the RF signal transmission and the RF signal reception operations. The wireless communication device may maintain approximately 90% transmission capacity on the first frequency band while simultaneously maintaining 90% reception capacity on the second frequency band. The combined capacity utilization may achieve 80-90% full-duplex communication as compared to 40-50% half-duplex communication in conventional systems that alternate between the RF signal transmission and the RF signal reception. The near-concurrent operation may enable the wireless communication device to approach twice the effective throughput of conventional half-duplex wireless communication systems through coordinated dual-band operation.

Furthermore, the disclosed wireless communication device may include a processor that may be configured to execute a trained artificial neural network (ANN) model. Upon execution of the trained ANN model, the processor may be configured to predict a local data transmission demand and a local data reception demand based on historical data usage patterns. Further, the processor may dynamically adjust the first TDD configuration and the second TDD configuration on both frequency bands based on the local data transmission demand and the local data reception demand. The processor may also generate narrow beam patterns and implement beam hopping sequences to reduce interference. Specifically, the execution of the trained ANN models may enable intelligent coordination of the dual-band operation by analyzing the local data transmission demand and the local data reception demand and automatically adjusting the TDD configurations and the narrow beam patterns accordingly. Based on the local data transmission demand and the local data reception demand, the trained ANN model may predict time allocation ratios for the first TDD configuration and the second TDD configuration. The trained ANN model may determine beam steering directions and hopping sequences to minimize interference while maximizing signal strength.

is a diagram that illustrates an exemplary wireless communication system for operating a wireless communication device in a near-full duplex wireless mesh network, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure. With reference to, there is shown a wireless communication system. The wireless communication systemmay include a central cloud server, a communication network, and a plurality of wireless communication devices(e.g., a first wireless communication deviceA, a second wireless communication deviceB, a third wireless communication deviceC, a fourth wireless communication deviceD and an Nth wireless communication deviceN). Further, there is shown a data sourceconnected to the first wireless communication deviceA. In an implementation, the plurality of wireless communication devicesmay be referred to as a plurality of network nodes of a wireless mesh network(interchangeably referred to as the near-full duplex wireless mesh network) of the wireless communication system.

The central cloud serverincludes suitable logic, circuitry, and interfaces that may be configured to communicate with the plurality of wireless communication devices. In some examples, the central cloud servermay be a remote management server that is managed by a third party different from the service providers associated with the plurality of different wireless carrier networks (WCNs). In some examples, the central cloud servermay be a remote management server or a data center that may be managed by a third party, or jointly managed, or managed in coordination and association with the plurality of wireless communication devices. The central cloud servermay monitor overall network topology and connectivity status of the wireless mesh network. The central cloud servermay track which wireless communication devices are online or offline within the wireless mesh network. The central cloud servermay coordinate network-wide configuration updates and may manage device registration and authentication for the plurality of wireless communication devices.

The central cloud servermay acquire performance statistics from the plurality of wireless communication devicesand may generate network-wide performance reports. The central cloud servermay push firmware updates and distribute network configuration settings to the plurality of wireless communication devices. The central cloud servermay monitor network health and connectivity, may track device status and availability, and may generate alerts for device failures or disconnections in the wireless mesh network.

The communication networkincludes a medium (e.g., a communication channel) through which the plurality of wireless communication devicescommunicates with the central cloud server. The communication networkmay be a wireless communication network. Examples of the communication networkmay include, but are not limited to, a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), a wireless personal area network (WPAN), a wireless wide area network (WWAN), a wireless ad-hoc mesh network, or a WLAN wireless mesh network.

The plurality of wireless communication devicesmay refer to network nodes of the wireless mesh network. Each wireless communication device of the plurality of wireless communication devicesmay include two wireless radio transceivers and dual-polarized antennas to enable concurrent RF signal transmission and RF signal reception operations on different frequency bands. The plurality of wireless communication devicesmay be equipped with one or more dual-polarized phased array patch antennas that may enable highly directional, high-gain communication between the plurality of network nodes while minimizing interference and extending operational range of each wireless communication device of the plurality of wireless communication devices. In some implementations, each wireless communication device of the plurality of wireless communication devicesmay function as both a WLAN network node and a repeater node. Each wireless communication device of the plurality of wireless communication devicesmay be either an MAP device or a slave AP device that are connected through bidirectional wireless links. Additionally, each wireless communication device of the plurality of wireless communication devicesmay serve connected user devices while relaying data through the wireless mesh network.

Currently, in wireless local area network (WLAN) technology, the 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz frequency bands are congested spectrums with limited bandwidth availability. Existing Wi-Fi® networks encounter low quality of service (QoS) and performance limitations when running high-bandwidth applications. Such applications include 4K video streaming, virtual reality, or large file transfers requiring greater than 1 Gbps data rates. More advanced WLAN technology, like IEEE 802.11be (Wi-Fi® 7), may provide theoretical capacity of up to 30 Gbps under ideal conditions. However, practical scenarios typically achieve 5-10 Gbps due to interference, distance limitations, and bandwidth sharing among multiple users. Signal interference from nearby devices and appliances may disrupt signals and reduce throughput. Distance of wireless communication devices from a master access point may weaken signal strength and may impact achievable speeds. Sharing bandwidth among multiple users may further reduce individual device performance. Wi-Fi® 7 may aim to utilize up to 1.2 GHz spectrum resources in the 6 GHz band. However, effective utilization of frequency resources may require coexistence with technologies operating in the same band. Such technologies include IEEE 802.11ax and 5G on unlicensed bands. Coexistence among heterogeneous wireless networks may present significant challenges.

Beyond spectrum congestion challenges, the conventional wireless communication devices may face fundamental architectural limitations that may further restrict performance. The conventional wireless communication devices (e.g., Wi-Fi® devices) operate in half-duplex mode where wireless communication devices may not transmit RF signals and receive RF signals concurrently on the same frequency. During RF signal transmission, a wireless communication device's own signal may overwhelm the receiver, making detection of incoming signals impossible. The half-duplex limitation may worsen the spectrum efficiency issues by fundamentally reducing overall system capacity. Additionally, the conventional wireless communication devices may utilize Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA) to manage access to the already limited shared medium. The conventional wireless communication devices may check for clear channels before the RF signal transmission of the data. When channels are busy, the conventional wireless communication devices may wait for random backoff periods. Checking for the clear channels before the RF signal transmission of the data may cause additional delays on top of existing spectrum limitations. Unlike wired networks using Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD), the conventional wireless communication devices may not detect collisions during the RF signal transmission, further exacerbating efficiency issues.

The combined spectrum and architectural limitations result in significant deployment challenges for demanding applications. Legacy wireless communication devices face throughput variations, resilience issues, and implementation complexity. Latency and signal noise may present additional technical issues that may worsen as network density increases. Specifically, latency may increase when more wireless access points or relay nodes are introduced to extend communication range within the constrained spectrum. The collision avoidance mechanisms become increasingly problematic as network density grows. Collisions occur when multiple wireless communication devices attempt to transmit data concurrently on shared wireless channels. The RF signal transmission of the data concurrently on the shared wireless channels may result in corrupted data and reduced network performance that cannot meet the demands of modern high-bandwidth applications.

In contrast to conventional wireless communication systems, the present disclosure provides a near-full duplex (NFD) mesh network system (e.g., the wireless communication system). The wireless communication systemincludes the plurality of wireless communication devicesthat address both spectrum efficiency and architectural limitations of conventional WLAN communication systems. The plurality of wireless communication devicesmay achieve near-full duplex communication through intelligent frequency band allocation and the coordination among the two wireless radio transceivers. The wireless communication systemmay reduce deployment, maintenance, and energy costs while providing scalable architecture achieving performance comparable to wired solutions with wireless deployment flexibility and enhanced connectivity experience for demanding applications.

is a diagram that illustrates an exemplary wireless communication system with a master access point (MAP) device and a plurality of slave access point (AP) devices, in accordance with exemplary embodiment of the disclosure.is explained in conjunction with elements from. With reference to, there is shown an exemplary wireless communication systemto operate the plurality of wireless communication devicesin the near-full duplex wireless mesh network (e.g., the wireless mesh network).

The exemplary wireless communication systemmay include the plurality of wireless communication devicescommunicatively coupled with the central cloud server. The central cloud servermay include one or more processors, such as a processorA, and a trained artificial neural network (ANN) modelB. Further, the plurality of wireless communication devicesmay include one or more master access point (MAP) devices(e.g., a MAP deviceA), and a plurality of slave AP devices(e.g., a first slave AP deviceA, a second slave AP deviceB up to an Nth slave AP deviceN). The plurality of wireless communication devicesmay be communicatively coupled with one or more user equipment(e.g., a first user equipment (UE)A, a second UEB, a third UEC up to an nth UEN).

The processorA of the central cloud servermay include suitable logic, circuitry, and interfaces that may be configured to receive network performance metrics from the plurality of wireless communication devices. The plurality of wireless communication devicesmay transmit performance data including throughput measurements, latency statistics, interference levels, and device utilization patterns to the central cloud servervia the communication network(of). The processorA may be configured to aggregate the performance metrics from the plurality of wireless communication devicesto identify network-wide trends, bottlenecks, and optimization opportunities across the wireless mesh network. The processorA may analyze global traffic patterns and network topology information to generate network-level recommendations for improved mesh network performance. In an implementation, the processorA may be configured to distribute firmware updates, security patches, and global configuration parameters to the wireless communication devicesthrough the communication network. In another implementation, the processorA may provide centralized storage and management of the trained ANN modelB that may be downloaded to individual wireless communication devices for local execution of AI/ML optimization functions. Examples of the processorA of the central cloud servermay include but are not limited to a central processing unit (CPU), graphical processing unit (GPU), a Reduced Instruction Set Computing (RISC) processor, an Application-Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) processor, a Complex Instruction Set Computing (CISC) processor, and/or other processors, or state machines.

The trained ANN modelB of the central cloud servermay be periodically (e.g., daily and for different times-of-day) trained on historical data usage patterns (e.g., traffic pattern forecasts and channel condition predictions) uploaded to the central cloud serverby one or more network nodes, such as the one or more MAP devices, and/or the plurality of wireless communication devices. The trained ANN modelB may generate the local data transmission demand and the local data reception demand of the wireless mesh networkbased on the historical data usage pattern to determine uplink duration and downlink duration ratios. Further, the trained ANN modelB may generate channel condition predictions for upcoming time periods to adjust TDD parameters in extended WLAN beacons. In an implementation, the trained ANN modelB may include Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model configured to forecast traffic patterns based on historical data, Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural network configured to predict channel conditions for sequence prediction, or Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (DDPG) model configured for reinforcement learning-based TDD parameter optimization. In some examples, the trained ANN modelB may include a decision tree or a regression model configured to predict defined TDD configurations based on network traffic patterns and channel conditions.

The MAP deviceA may include suitable logic, circuitry, and interfaces that may be configured to provide gateway functionality for the wireless mesh network. Further, the MAP deviceA may be configured to coordinate frequency band allocation for asymmetric TDD synchronization across the wireless mesh network. In some implementations, the MAP deviceA may be configured to implement Wi-Fi® 7 with the TDD configurations and the one or more dual-polarized phased array patch antennas to enable highly directional, high-gain communication with slave nodes while minimizing interference and extending operational range. The MAP deviceA may be further configured to analyze network traffic patterns, predict beam directions, and detect anomalies in network performance. Further, the MAP deviceA may be further configured to trigger self-healing actions including dynamic resource allocation, beam steering optimization, and network topology reconfiguration. Examples of the MAP deviceA may include, but may not be limited to, an AI-enhanced Wi-Fi® 7 wireless access point with phased array antenna capability, an intelligent wireless gateway device with near-full duplex functionality, a cognitive wireless router with dual-polarized antenna systems, an AI-optimized network controller with beam steering capabilities, a smart wireless bridge with asymmetric TDD management, a self-healing wireless network hub with predictive maintenance capabilities, or combinations thereof.

The plurality of slave AP devicesmay include suitable logic, circuitry, and interfaces that may be configured to communicate with the MAP deviceA and/or different slave devices via wireless links and implement near-full duplex communication by the RF signal transmission and the RF signal reception of the data concurrently on different frequency bands within the wireless mesh network. Each slave AP device of the plurality of slave AP devicesmay be configured to execute the trained ANN modelB to adjust local link parameters, implement asymmetric TDD, and coordinate with global optimization directives of the MAP deviceA. In some embodiments, each slave AP device may be configured to access the trained ANN modelB from the central cloud serverfor the execution of the trained ANN modelB. In some cases, each slave AP device may download the trained ANN modelB from the central cloud server. Each slave AP device (e.g., the first slave AP deviceA) may implement Wi-Fi® 7 radios configured to operate on at least two frequency bands with independent TDD configurations. Examples of the plurality of slave AP devicesmay include, but may not be limited to, AI-enhanced Wi-Fi® 7 access points with dual-polarized phased array capabilities, wireless communication devices with near-full duplex functionality, cognitive network nodes with beam steering optimization, smart wireless nodes with asymmetric TDD management, self-optimizing mesh nodes with predictive link adaptation, or adaptive wireless nodes with cross-polarization isolation capabilities, or one or more combinations thereof.

Each of one or more UEsmay refer to the wireless communication device, such as a client device or a telecommunication hardware used by an end-user to communicate within the synchronized wireless mesh network. Some of the one or more UEsmay refer to a combination of a mobile equipment and subscriber identity module (SIM). Examples of the one or more UEsmay include, but are not limited to a smartphone, a laptop, a desktop machine, a customer premise equipment, a virtual reality headset, an augmented reality device, a wireless modem, a home router, a Wi-Fi® 7 enabled smart television (TV) or set-top box, a VoIP station, or any different customized hardware for wireless communication.

In an implementation, the data sourceof the plurality of wireless communication devicesmay be one or more of an optical fiber port connected to an optical fiber for an Internet connection, an Ethernet port connected to an Ethernet cable for the Internet connection, or a Wi-Fi® 7 signal received from a radio access network (RAN) node, or a satellite antenna. As illustrated in the embodiment of, the data sourcemay be communicatively coupled with the one or more MAP devices(e.g., the MAP deviceA).

is a block diagram that illustrates various components of an exemplary wireless communication device, in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure.is explained in conjunction with elements from. With reference to, there is shown a block diagramthat illustrates various components of the wireless communication device (e.g., the first wireless communication deviceA). The first wireless communication deviceA may correspond to the plurality of wireless communication devices.

The first wireless communication deviceA may include a control sectionand a front-end RF section. The control sectionmay include a processorand a memory. The memorymay be configured to store historical data usage patternsA and a trained ANN model. In an implementation, the control sectionmay include a frequency converter. In some implementations, the frequency convertermay not be provided. The front-end RF sectionmay include a wireless chipset, which may include a first wireless radio transceiverA and a second wireless radio transceiverB.

In some implementations, the wireless communication device (e.g., the first wireless communication deviceA) may be modified to further include the one or more dual-polarized phased array antennas. The one or more dual-polarized phased array antennasmay include a first antenna for receiving the RF signals and a second antenna for transmitting the RF signals configured for each of the first wireless radio transceiverA and the second wireless radio transceiverB. The wireless communication device (e.g., the first wireless communication deviceA) may further include a plurality of network ports, such as a first network portA, a second network portB, a third network portC and a fourth network portD, and a power supply. The processormay be communicatively coupled to the memory, the frequency converter(when provided), and the different components of the front-end RF sectionof the wireless communication device (e.g., the first wireless communication deviceA).

The processorof the first wireless communication deviceA may refer to a computational processing unit configured to execute instructions and perform data processing operations within the first wireless communication deviceA. The processormay include hardware components configured to execute software programs, manage device operations, and coordinate communication functions between different components of the first wireless communication deviceA. The processormay be configured to process digital signals and execute the trained ANN model. The processormakes real-time decisions based on input data received from various sensors and communication interfaces within the first wireless communication deviceA. The processormay include memory interfaces configured to access stored data and program instructions from the memoryof the first wireless communication deviceA. The processormay further include input/output interfaces configured to communicate with the first wireless radio transceiverA, the second wireless radio transceiverB, and the one or more dual-polarized phased array antennas. Examples of the processorof the first wireless communication deviceA may include but are not limited to a central processing unit (CPU), graphical processing unit (GPU), a Reduced Instruction Set Computing (RISC) processor, an Application-Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) processor, a Complex Instruction Set Computing (CISC) processor, and/or other processors, or state machines.

The memorymay include suitable logic, circuitry, and/or interfaces that may be configured to store instructions executable by the processor. The memorymay temporarily store and update the historical data usage patternsA, which may be periodically communicated to the central cloud server. Examples of implementation of the memorymay include, but are not limited to, random access memory (RAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), processor cache, thyristor random access memory (T-RAM), zero-capacitor random access memory (Z-RAM), read only memory (ROM), hard disk drive (HDD), secure digital (SD) card, flash drive, cache memory, and/or other non-volatile memory.

In some embodiments, the memorymay further be configured to store the trained ANN model. In some embodiments, the processormay be configured to obtain the trained ANN modelB from the central cloud server. The processor temporarily stores the model in the memoryas the trained ANN model(i.e., a local copy of the trained ANN modelB). In some embodiments, the trained ANN modelmay be prestored in the memory. Upon execution of the trained ANN model, the processormay be configured to periodically analyze data points (e.g., traffic pattern analysis, beam steering performance data, and channel condition assessments). The data points may be uploaded to the central cloud serverby one or more network nodes, in the wireless mesh network. The processormay continuously or periodically analyze network traffic to determine duty cycle ratios of asymmetric TDD between the first frequency band and the second frequency band. The trained ANN modelmay assess dual-band channel conditions for upcoming time periods. Based on the assessment, the trained ANN modelmay dynamically adjust asymmetric TDD parameters and piecewise narrow beam hopping sequences for Wi-Fi® 7 radios with independent TDD configurations.

In an implementation, the trained ANN modelmay include Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks configured to learn the historical data usage patternsA to forecast future demand. In some examples, the trained ANN modelmay include Autoencoders that may be configured for anomaly detection by reconstructing input data where deviations indicate anomalies. In some examples, the trained ANN modelmay include One-Class Support Vector Machines (OCSVM) configured to identify anomalies by constructing boundaries around normal data points. In some examples, the trained ANN modelmay include Bayesian Networks that may be configured to model causal relationships between events of the wireless mesh networkfor root cause analysis of detected anomalies.

The frequency convertermay be configured to up convert or down convert one radio frequency to different radio frequency of an RF signal. For example, the wireless communication device (e.g., the first wireless communication deviceA) may utilize the frequency converterto convert a WLAN signal to a beam of RF signals in an intermediate frequency band (e.g., mmWave frequencies or different intermediate frequencies in the range of 10-300 GHz). The frequency convertermay perform frequency up conversion by frequency mixing of the WLAN signal with a local oscillator signal to generate an intermediate frequency (e.g., mmWave frequencies or different intermediate frequencies in the range of 10-300 GHz) for improved wireless communication performance. In some embodiments, the frequency convertermay include a phased locked loop (PLL) circuit, which may act as a local oscillator. For example, the frequency convertermay perform frequency up-conversion through double-sideband suppressed-carrier mixing. In such a process, the WLAN signal at 6 GHz is mixed with a local oscillator signal generated by the phase-locked loop (PLL) circuit operating, for example, at 34 GHz. The frequency convertermay generate intermediate frequency (IF) signals at 28 GHz and 40 GHz. The wireless communication systemmay utilize the 28 GHz intermediate frequency, selected through a bandpass filter with center frequency at 28 GHz, 3-dB bandwidth of 2 GHz, and stopband attenuation greater than 40 dB at ±4 GHz from center frequency. The PLL circuit maintains frequency stability of ±10 ppm using a 10 MHz temperature-compensated crystal oscillator (TCXO) reference. The circuit operates with a loop bandwidth of 100 kHz and phase noise performance of −90 dBs/Hz at 10 kHz offset from the 34 GHz carrier. The frequency conversion process may preserve the 320 MHz bandwidth of the WLAN signal while translating the carrier frequency to the intermediate frequency band to enable analog RF bridging through the wireless mesh networkwithout digital baseband processing at intermediate nodes.

The wireless chipsetmay be a hardware component including Wi-Fi® 7 RF transceivers (e.g. the first wireless radio transceiverA and the second wireless radio transceiverB) responsible for implementing near-full duplex communication through coordinated asymmetric TDD configurations across multiple frequency bands. In some embodiments, the wireless chipsetmay support dual-band operation. The dual-band operation may include the first frequency band (e.g., 6 GHz) configured for downlink transmission with 90% duty cycle allocation and the second frequency band (e.g., 5 GHz) configured for uplink reception with 90% duty cycle allocation. The wireless chipsetprocesses asymmetric TDD configurations to achieve near-full duplex operation. The processing may include Multi-Link Operation (MLO) coordination, Transmission Opportunity (TXOP) allocation parameters within the Wi-Fi® 7 Enhanced Distributed Channel Access (EDCA) framework, and Traffic Identifier (TID)-to-link mapping mechanisms. The wireless chipsetmay implement independent Medium Access Control (MAC) layer and Physical (PHY) layer operations dedicated to each frequency band. The implementation of Medium Access Control (MAC) layer and Physical (PHY) may enable concurrent RF signal transmission on the first frequency band while the RF signal reception on the second frequency band to reduce self-interference at the wireless communication device (e.g., the first wireless communication deviceA).

The one or more dual-polarized phased array antennasmay be configured to steer beams electronically to establish directional communication links and generate a plurality of narrow beam patterns for enhanced spatial separation and interference mitigation. The narrow beam patterns refer to a beamwidth ranging from 10 degrees to 30 degrees. Beam steering may refer to the electronic control of antenna beam direction without physical movement of the antenna elements. The beam steering may be achieved by adjusting phase relationships between individual antenna elements in the phased array. The plurality of narrow beam patterns refers to the directional radio frequency signal patterns with beamwidth ranging from 10 degrees to 30 degrees. The radio frequency signal patterns focus transmitted energy in specific directions while minimizing signal spread to unwanted areas. The one or more dual-polarized phased array antennas(such as the first antenna for receiving the RF signals and the second antenna for transmitting the RF signals) may enable highly directional and high-gain communication between the wireless communication device (e.g., the first wireless communication deviceA) and the one or more different wireless communication devices of the plurality of wireless communication devices.

In some embodiments, the one or more dual-polarized phased array antennasmay maintain cross-polarization isolation of at least 20 dB between the orthogonal polarizations. The cross-polarization isolation refers to the degree of signal separation achieved between orthogonal polarization channels of the one or more dual-polarized phased array antennas. The cross-polarization isolation may measure how effectively the RF signals transmitted on a first polarization orientation are prevented from interfering with signals received on a second polarization orientation that is perpendicular to the first polarization orientation. The cross-polarization may facilitate implementation of a coordinated null steering to suppress interference between concurrent RF signal transmission and RF signal reception operations. Null steering may refer to an operation where the one or more dual-polarized phased array antennaselectronically direct antenna nulls toward sources of interference. The antenna nulls may refer to areas of minimal signal strength. The null steering may suppress unwanted signals from specific directions while maintaining strong RF signal reception from defined directions.

In some embodiments, the wireless communication device (e.g., the first wireless communication deviceA) may utilize the one or more dual-polarized phased array antennas(such as a first antenna for the RF signal reception and a second antenna for the RF signal transmission) to execute piecewise narrow beam hopping sequences. The piecewise narrow beam hopping may refer to an operation where the one or more dual-polarized phased array antennasrapidly switch between multiple narrow beam patterns in a time-sequenced manner. The piecewise narrow beam hopping may generate virtual mini-time slots within each TDD cycle to further reduce self-interference. The piecewise narrow beam hopping sequences may be executed by rapidly switching between the plurality of narrow beam patterns according to a determined hopping sequence. The determined hopping sequence may refer to a defined pattern that specifies an order and timing for switching between the plurality of narrow beam patterns. The determined hopping sequence may be optimized to minimize interference and maximize communication efficiency. The hopping sequence may be dynamically adjusted based on network conditions detected through processor-controlled analysis.

The one or more dual-polarized phased array antennasmay coordinate beam directions such that RF signal transmission beams on the first frequency band and reception beams on the second frequency band maintain spatial separation of at least 30 degrees. The spatial separation may refer to an angular distance maintained between RF signal transmission beam directions and RF signal reception beam directions to minimize interference between the concurrent RF signal transmission and reception operations. The spatial separation of at least 30 degrees may ensure that the RF signal transmission beams on the first frequency band may not overlap with reception beams on the second frequency band. Beam coordination may refer to the synchronized control of multiple beam directions to improve communication performance while maintaining the required spatial separation. The beam coordination may enable the wireless communication device to transmit the RF signals on the first frequency band while concurrently receiving the RF signals on the second frequency band without significant interference between the RF signal transmission beams and the RF signal reception beams. The spatial separation may be electronically controlled through phase adjustments of the individual antenna elements in the one or more dual-polarized phased array antennas.

The first network portA may be an optical fiber port. The second network portB may be an Ethernet port. The third network portC may be a WLAN Fast Ethernet (FE) port. The fourth network portD may be a USB port. The power supplymay be configured to provide power to the various components of the wireless communication device (e.g., the first wireless communication deviceA).

In operation, the first wireless radio transceiverA may be configured to operate on the first frequency band with the first TDD configuration that allocates more time for the RF signal transmission than the RF signal reception. The first wireless radio transceiverA may initiate operation on the first frequency band by establishing an independent Medium Access Control (MAC) layer and Physical (PHY) layer that are separate from the second wireless radio transceiverB. The MAC layer and the PHY layer are dedicated to the first frequency band through Wi-Fi® 7 Multi-Link Operation (MLO) framework. The MAC layer of the first wireless radio transceiverA may function as a traffic controller in the wireless mesh network. The MAC layer of the first wireless radio transceiverA may decide when the one or more dual-polarized phased array antennascommunicates data, manages channel access protocols, schedules data frames, and coordinates with one or more wireless communication devices to avoid collisions. The PHY layer of the first wireless radio transceiverA may operate as the actual radio interface that converts digital data into the RF signals for the RF signal transmission through the one or more dual-polarized phased array antennas. The PHY layer of the first wireless radio transceiverA may convert received RF signals back into digital data.

Further, the first wireless radio transceiverA may access a Wi-Fi® 7 Enhanced Distributed Channel Access (EDCA) framework through the MAC layer to generate the first TDD configuration. The MAC layer of the first wireless radio transceiverA may modify the TXOP allocation parameters within the EDCA framework by programming a first defined interval and a second defined interval. For example, 90% of each operational frame duration for downlink transmission periods and 10% for uplink reception periods. Each TXOP may represent a defined time interval during which the first wireless radio transceiverA may have exclusive access to a wireless medium for the RF signal transmission of the data without interference from the one or more different wireless communication devices of the plurality of wireless communication devices. The first wireless radio transceiverA may execute the asymmetric time allocation by sending control signals from the MAC layer to the PHY layer. When the control signals are sent from the MAC layer to the PHY layer, a transmission mode may be activated during first defined periods (i.e., the downlink transmission periods). The execution of the asymmetric time allocation may cause the PHY layer to generate electrical signals. Further, the execution of the asymmetric time allocation coordinate may cause the PHY layer to convert the electrical signals into electromagnetic waves for RF signal transmission on the first frequency band.

In accordance with an embodiment, the first wireless radio transceiverA may transition to RF signal reception periods from RF signal transmission periods by sending control signals from the MAC layer to the PHY layer to activate the reception mode during the second defined periods (i.e., the uplink reception periods). The activation of the reception mode may enable the PHY layer to coordinate with the one or more dual-polarized phased array antennasto capture incoming electromagnetic waves and convert the incoming electromagnetic waves back into the electrical signals for RF signal reception on the first frequency band. The first wireless radio transceiverA may maintain the asymmetric time allocation by continuously repeating the transmission-reception cycle with Short Interframe Space (SIFS) periods to serve as guard intervals between mode transitions. The SIFS periods may enable allocation of more time for the RF signal transmission than the RF signal reception on the first frequency band through the first TDD configuration.

In accordance with an embodiment, the second wireless radio transceiverB may be configured to operate on the second frequency band with the second TDD configuration. The second TDD configuration may allocate more time for the RF signal reception than the RF signal transmission. The second wireless radio transceiverB may initiate operation on the second frequency band by establishing an independent Medium Access Control (MAC) layer and a Physical (PHY) layer dedicated to the second frequency band through Wi-Fi® 7 Multi-Link Operation (MLO) framework. The second wireless radio transceiverB may establish communication with the one or more dual-polarized phased array antennasto coordinate reception of the RF signals via antenna elements that have vertical polarization. The second wireless radio transceiverB may further maintain coordination with the first wireless radio transceiverA that utilizes horizontal polarization. The second wireless radio transceiverB may access the Wi-Fi® 7 Enhanced Distributed Channel Access (EDCA) framework through the MAC layer to generate the second TDD configuration that operates complementary to the first wireless radio transceiverA.

In accordance with an embodiment, the MAC layer of the second wireless radio transceiverB may be configured to modify the TXOP allocation parameters within the EDCA framework by programming complementary asymmetric time allocation where a first determined portion of each operational frame duration is dedicated to the uplink reception periods and a second determined portion of each operational frame duration is reserved for the downlink transmission periods. The first determined portion is substantially larger than the second determined portion. For example, 10% of each operational frame duration for downlink transmission periods and 90% for uplink reception periods. Each TXOP may represent a defined time interval during which the second wireless radio transceiverB may have exclusive access to the wireless medium for the RF signal reception or the RF signal transmission of the data without interference from the one or more different wireless communication devices of the plurality of wireless communication devices. The second wireless radio transceiverB may execute the asymmetric time allocation by sending control signals from the MAC layer to the PHY layer to instruct activation of the reception mode during the first determined portion of each operational frame duration. The activation of the reception mode may cause the PHY layer to coordinate with the one or more dual-polarized phased array antennasthat may have vertical polarization. The coordination may facilitate capture of incoming electromagnetic waves and convert the incoming electromagnetic waves into electrical signals for the RF signal reception on the second frequency band. The second wireless radio transceiverB may be configured to transition to the transmission periods by sending control signals from the MAC layer to the PHY layer. The control signals may instruct activation of the transmission mode during the second determined portion of each operational frame duration. The activation of the second determined period may cause the PHY layer to generate electrical signals and coordinate with the one or more dual-polarized phased array antennasthat may have the vertical polarization. The coordination may facilitate conversion of the electrical signals into electromagnetic waves for the RF signal transmission on the second frequency band. The second wireless radio transceiverB may be configured to coordinate timing synchronization with the first wireless radio transceiverA through the Wi-Fi® 7 MLD framework. The coordination may ensure that the first wireless radio transceiverA operates in the transmission mode on the first frequency band and the second wireless radio transceiverB may operate in the reception mode on the second frequency band, to achieve near-concurrent bidirectional communication.