Drilling rig power supply bus management

This application is a Divisional of application Ser. No. 16/616,862, filed Nov. 25, 2019, which is a National Stage filing of PCT Application No.: PCT/CA2018/050601, filed May 23, 2018, which claims priority to Canadian Application No.: CA2967921, filed May 23, 2017, all of which are incorporated herein by reference.

The present invention relates to power supply systems for drilling rigs, and more particularly to a rig mud pump drive and a power management system and method associated therewith.

System inefficiencies in the power supply of a drilling rig, for example, for use in oil and gas exploration, result in increased fuel consumption and therefore increased emissions output, either due to power losses in the electrical power distribution of sizeable electrical power over a considerable distance of the rig or due to use of oversized and underutilized mechanical drive systems—in particular the mud pump drive system—that are designed for peak power requirements but are utilized most of the time substantially below peak power, yet have to be in a state of readiness (running) at all times for good control.

Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) systems in compliance with new environmental regulations require higher levels of maintenance load and heat to ensure proper operation of after-treatment systems employed to reduce emissions. Failure to provide adequate load and or temperature will result in a deteriorated after-treatment system no longer capable of meeting the new environmental regulations, thus requiring, for example, a ‘Force Regen’ process in which the ICE system raises its speed and creates artificial load in order to develop high levels of heat in order to clean the after-treatment system by burning the contamination therein.

While fully electric powered rigs using batteries charged by generator sets and power management systems address some of the problems arising from peak or cyclical loads, they have inherent efficiency losses due to the electrical power distribution such as, for example, losses from the generator creating the power, transmission losses between the generator and the battery or load sensing system and between the battery or load sensing system and the drives, and losses in the electric drives. Consequently, there have been developments where the draw-works (hoisting and rotary functions) are electrically driven, while the mud pump(s)—having the most significant power consumption—are mechanically actuated to take advantage of the efficiencies of the mechanical power train.

Unfortunately, the ICE system driving the mud pump(s) are still underutilized for most of their operating time resulting in the aforementioned problems. It is desirable to provide a rig mud pump drive that enables operation of an ICE driving the mud pump within its efficient operating range.

It is also desirable to provide a power management system and method associated with the mud pump drive that enables operation of an ICE driving the mud pump within its efficient operating range.

It is also desirable to provide a power management system and method associated with the mud pump drive that keeps the mud pump drive in a state of readiness while the ICE driving the mud pump is shut off.

Accordingly, one object of the present invention is to provide a rig mud pump drive that enables operation of an ICE driving the mud pump within its efficient operating range.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a power management system and method associated with the mud pump drive that enables operation of an ICE driving the mud pump within its efficient operating range.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a power management system and method associated with the mud pump drive that keeps the mud pump drive in a state of readiness while the ICE driving the mud pump is shut off.

According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided with a rig mud pump drive. The rig mud pump drive comprises an input power drive shaft adapted for being connected to an internal combustion engine for receiving mechanical input power therefrom. An output power drive shaft is adapted for being connected to the rig mud pump for providing mechanical output power thereto. A mechanical drive train is interposed between the input power drive shaft and the output power drive shaft and mechanically connected thereto. One or more electric generators/motors is mechanically connected to the mechanical drive train. The electric generators or motors can be located anywhere in the mechanical drive train in relation to other components therein, so long as the necessary rotary power for mechanical power of the generator can be provided—as such the generator could be connected right in proximity to the internal combustion engine, or elsewhere along the drive shaft etc. All such approaches are contemplated within the scope of the present invention, either in newly built or retrofitted rigs.

According to the aspect of the present invention, there is provided with a power management system. The power management system comprises a processor and a control communications network connected to the processor. The control communications network includes a mud pump drive control node connected to an internal combustion engine for driving a mud pump of the rig, an electric motor or generator interposed between the internal combustion engine and the mud pump, and an electric power storage device. A draw-works control node is connected to the electric power storage device and draw-works of the rig. A generator set control node is connected to the electric power storage device, an electric generator set of the rig, and main rig power. The processor controls operation of the internal combustion engine, the electric generator set and the electric motor or generator in dependence upon power consumption of the mud pump, the draw-works, and the main rig power such that the internal combustion engine for driving the mud pump is operated within its efficient operating range.

According to the aspect of the present invention, there is provided with a method for managing power supply of a drilling rig. A processor is connected via a control communications network to an internal combustion engine for driving a mud pump of the rig, an electric motor or generator interposed between the internal combustion engine and the mud pump, an electric power storage device, draw-works of the rig, an electric generator set of the rig, and main rig power. Operation of the internal combustion engine, the electric generator set and the electric motor or generator is controlled in dependence upon power consumption of the mud pump, the draw-works, and the main rig power such that the internal combustion engine for driving the mud pump is operated within its efficient operating range.

The advantage of the present invention is that it provides a rig mud pump drive that enables operation of an ICE driving the mud pump within its efficient operating range.

A further advantage of the present invention is that it provides a power management system and method associated with the mud pump drive that enables operation of an ICE driving the mud pump within its efficient operating range.

A further advantage of the present invention is to provide a power management system and method associated with the mud pump drive that keeps the mud pump drive in a state of readiness while the ICE driving the mud pump is shut off.

The adaptive power management method of the present invention could be implemented in a pre-existing rig or rig drivetrain, by merely installing a single generator into an existing drivetrain of a rig and executing the remainder of the control system and methodology outlined herein. Provision of a retrofit ability for the use of pre-existing rigs and rig drivetrains is explicitly contemplated within the scope of the present invention—any method which would allow for the adaptable control of internal combustion power and related other components and the electrical power bus on a rig, as outlined in further detail elsewhere herein, is contemplated within the scope of the present invention.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the invention belongs. Although any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present invention, the preferred methods and materials are now described.

Referring to, a rig mud pump driveaccording to a preferred embodiment of the invention is provided. Input power drive shaftconnected to an ICE such as, for example, a high-powered diesel engine (not shown) for receiving mechanical input power therefrom. Output power drive shaftis connected via, for example, a shave and belt drive to a rig mud pumpfor providing mechanical output power thereto. The input power drive shaftand the output power drive shaftis connected via a mechanical drive train. Any number of different types of connections or transmission arrangements can be understood by those skilled in the art for the link of the generatorto the drivetrain—this could include a transmission, gearbox, clutch, belt drive or any number of other types of connections or transmission arrangements which will be understood to those skilled in the art and are all contemplated within the scope of the present invention.

The number of modulating electric motor or generatorsis not limited toas illustrated, but may be varied betweenand any number with a more substantial number of modulating electric motor or generatorsproviding more flexibility in operating the rig mud pump driveat the expense of higher complexity and cost. The modulating electric motor or generatorsare of conventional technology. For example, regular AC asynchronous electric motors can usually be employed as electric generators without any internal modifications. The electric generatorand the modulating electric motor or generatorsare electrically connected to the electrical power system of the rig via electric connectionsand, respectively.

The rig mud pump drivealso comprises a mechanismfor separating the ICE from the drive train. For example, the rig mud pump drivefor driving a mud pumpusing an ICE comprises an electric generatorand five modulating electric motor or generatorsas shown. Preferably, the modulating electric motor or generatorsare designed to provide sufficient mechanical power for driving the mud pumpin order to keep the rig mud pump drivein a state of readiness while the ICE driving the mud pumpis shut off.

Referring to, a power management systemaccording to a preferred embodiment of the invention is provided. The mud pumpis mechanicallydriven by ICEvia sheaveconnected to the mud pump drive. The power management systemcomprises a processorsuch as, for example, a conventional off-the-shelf Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), connected to a control communications network,. For example, the processorand the control communications network,are implemented as a conventional Controller Area Network (CAN) bus with the processorforming ‘Master Control’ communicating with, for example, control nodes,,, and.

Mud pump drive control nodeis connected to ICEfor driving a mud pumpof the drilling rig via shave; modulating electric motor or generators; an electric power storage deviceof the rig. Generator control nodeis connected to the electric generator, the electric power storage device; rig power bus(the rig power busbeing any electric power consumption of the rig other than draw-worksand the modulating electric motor or generatorsconnected to the electric supply network of the rig); and the mud pump drive control node. Draw-works control nodeis connected to the electric power storage device; and draw- worksof the rig. Generator set control nodeis connected to the electric power storage device; electric generator setof the rig, and the rig power bus.

Electric power transmission linesconnect the electric generatorand the modulating electric motor or generatorsvia control nodesandto the electric power storage deviceand the rig power bus, as well as the draw-worksand the electric generator setvia control nodesandto the electric power storage deviceand the rig power bus. The electric power is converted where necessary from AC to DC, for example, for battery or load sensing system storage, using conventional rectifiers and from DC to AC using conventional inverters.

The processorcontrols operation of the ICE, the electric generator set, the electric generator, and the modulating electric motor or generatorsin dependence upon the power consumption of the mud pump (sheave), the draw-works, and the rig power bussuch that the ICEis operated within its efficient operating range.

illustrates five modes of operation of the power management system. In mode, I, the electric generator, and the modulating electric motor or generatorsproduce electric powerfor storage or use when there is no mechanical power requirement from the pump. In mode II, the electric generator, and the modulating electric motor or generatorsproduce electric powerfor storage in the electric power storage deviceor use in other loads on site when the mechanical power consumptionof the mud pump is less than the powerproduced by the ICEwhen operated in its efficient range P. In mode III, the system uses the ICE to produce only mechanical power to the pump, and the electric generator and modulating motor are used just for speed variation. In mode IV, the modulating electric motor or generatorsproduce mechanical powerto assist the ICE when the mechanical power consumptionof the mud pump (for example, peak power) is higher than the energyproduced by the ICEwhen operated in its efficient range P. In mode V, the modulating electric motor or generatorsproduce mechanical powerfor driving the mud pump while the ICEis shut off.

The five modes of operation of the power management systemprovide substantial efficiency increase and emissions reduction by:

It will be apparent to those of skill in the art that by routine modification the present invention can be optimized for use in a wide range of conditions and application. It will also be evident to those of skill in the art that there are various ways and designs with which to produce the apparatus and methods of the present invention. The illustrated embodiments are therefore not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but to provide examples of the device and method to enable those of skill in the art to appreciate the inventive concept.

Those skilled in the art will recognize that many more modifications besides those already described are possible without departing from the inventive concepts herein. The inventive subject matter, therefore, is not to be restricted except in the scope of the appended claims. Moreover, in interpreting both the specification and the claims, all terms should be understood in the broadest possible manner consistent with the context. In particular, the words “comprises” and “comprising” should be construed as referring to elements, components, or steps in a non-exclusive manner, indicating that the referenced elements, components, or steps may be present, or utilized, or combined with other features, components, or actions that are not expressly referenced.