Electronic aerosol provision system and method

The present application is a continuation application of Ser. No. 15/733,787 filed Oct. 26, 2020, which is a National Phase entry of PCT Application No. PCT/GB2019/051162, filed Apr. 26, 2019, which claims priority from GB Patent Application No. 1806826.2, filed Apr. 26, 2018, each of which is hereby fully incorporated herein by reference.

The present disclosure relates to electronic aerosol provision systems such as nicotine delivery systems (e.g. electronic cigarettes and the like) and a corresponding method of aerosol provision.

Electronic aerosol provision systems such as electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) generally contain a reservoir of a source liquid containing a formulation, typically including nicotine, from which an aerosol is generated, e.g. through heat vaporization. An aerosol source for an aerosol provision system may thus comprise a heater having a heating element arranged to receive source liquid from the reservoir, for example through wicking/capillary action. Other source materials may be similarly heated to create an aerosol, such as botanical matter, or a gel comprising an active ingredient and/or flavoring. Hence more generally, the e-cigarette may be thought of as comprising or receiving a payload for heat vaporization.

While a user inhales on the device, electrical power is supplied to the heating element to vaporize the aerosol source (a portion of the payload) in the vicinity of the heating element, to generate an aerosol for inhalation by the user. Such devices are usually provided with one or more air inlet holes located away from a mouthpiece end of the system. When a user sucks on a mouthpiece connected to the mouthpiece end of the system, air is drawn in through the inlet holes and past the aerosol source. There is a flow path connecting between the aerosol source and an opening in the mouthpiece so that air drawn past the aerosol source continues along the flow path to the mouthpiece opening, carrying some of the aerosol from the aerosol source with it. The aerosol-carrying air exits the aerosol provision system through the mouthpiece opening for inhalation by the user.

Usually an electric current is supplied to the heater when a user is drawing/puffing on the device. Typically, the electric current is supplied to the heater, e.g. resistance heating element, in response to either the activation of an airflow sensor along the flow path as the user inhales/draw/puffs or in response to the activation of a button by the user. The heat generated by the heating element is used to vaporize a formulation. The released vapor mixes with air drawn through the device by the puffing consumer and forms an aerosol. Alternatively or in addition, the heating element is used to heat but typically not burn a botanical such as tobacco, to release active ingredients thereof as a vapor/aerosol.

The amount of vaporized/aerosolized payload inhaled by the user will depend on how long and how deeply the user inhales, and any heating/vapor flow delay between the beginning of inhalation and disengagement from the device. It is desirable that the user achieves a measure of control over this amount.

Various approaches are described herein which seek to help address or mitigate this issue.

In a first aspect, an electronic vapor provision system is provided.

In another aspect, a method of electronic vapor provision is provided.

Further respective aspects and features of the disclosure are defined in the appended claims.

An electronic aerosol provision system and method are disclosed. In the following description, a number of specific details are presented in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to a person skilled in the art that these specific details need not be employed to practice the present disclosure. Conversely, specific details known to the person skilled in the art are omitted for the purposes of clarity where appropriate.

As described above, the present disclosure relates to an aerosol provision system (e.g. a non-combustible aerosol provision system) or electronic vapor provision system (EVPS), such as an e-cigarette. Throughout the following description the term “e-cigarette” is sometimes used but this term may be used interchangeably with (electronic) aerosol/vapor provision system. Similarly the terms ‘vapor’ and ‘aerosol’ are referred to equivalently herein.

Generally, the electronic vapor/aerosol provision system may be an electronic cigarette, also known as a vaping device or electronic nicotine delivery system (END), although it is noted that the presence of nicotine in the aerosolizable material is not a requirement. In some embodiments, a non-combustible aerosol provision system is a tobacco heating system, also known as a heat-not-burn system. In some embodiments, the non-combustible aerosol provision system is a hybrid system to generate aerosol using a combination of aerosolizable materials, one or a plurality of which may be heated. Each of the aerosolizable materials may be, for example, in the form of a solid, liquid or gel and may or may not contain nicotine. In some embodiments, the hybrid system comprises a liquid or gel aerosolizable material and a solid aerosolizable material. The solid aerosolizable material may comprise, for example, tobacco or a non-tobacco product. Meanwhile in some embodiments, the non-combustible aerosol provision system generates a vapor/aerosol from one or more such aerosolizable materials.

Typically, the non-combustible aerosol provision system may comprise a non-combustible aerosol provision device and an article for use with the non-combustible aerosol provision system. However, it is envisaged that articles which themselves comprise a means for powering an aerosol generating component may themselves form the non-combustible aerosol provision system. In one embodiment, the non-combustible aerosol provision device may comprise a power source and a controller. The power source may be an electric power source or an exothermic power source. In one embodiment, the exothermic power source comprises a carbon substrate which may be energized so as to distribute power in the form of heat to an aerosolizable material or heat transfer material in proximity to the exothermic power source. In one embodiment, the power source, such as an exothermic power source, is provided in the article so as to form the non-combustible aerosol provision. In one embodiment, the article for use with the non-combustible aerosol provision device may comprise an aerosolizable material.

In some embodiments, the aerosol generating component is a heater capable of interacting with the aerosolizable material so as to release one or more volatiles from the aerosolizable material to form an aerosol. In one embodiment, the aerosol generating component is capable of generating an aerosol from the aerosolizable material without heating. For example, the aerosol generating component may be capable of generating an aerosol from the aerosolizable material without applying heat thereto, for example via one or more of vibrational, mechanical, pressurization or electrostatic means.

In some embodiments, the aerosolizable material may comprise an active material, an aerosol forming material and optionally one or more functional materials. The active material may comprise nicotine (optionally contained in tobacco or a tobacco derivative) or one or more other non-olfactory physiologically active materials. A non-olfactory physiologically active material is a material which is included in the aerosolizable material in order to achieve a physiological response other than olfactory perception. The aerosol forming material may comprise one or more of glycerine, glycerol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, erythritol, meso-Erythritol, ethyl vanillate, ethyl laurate, a diethyl suberate, triethyl citrate, triacetin, a diacetin mixture, benzyl benzoate, benzyl phenyl acetate, tributyrin, lauryl acetate, lauric acid, myristic acid, and propylene carbonate. The one or more functional materials may comprise one or more of flavors, carriers, pH regulators, stabilizers, and/or antioxidants.

In some embodiments, the article for use with the non-combustible aerosol provision device may comprise aerosolizable material or an area for receiving aerosolizable material. In one embodiment, the article for use with the non-combustible aerosol provision device may comprise a mouthpiece. The area for receiving aerosolizable material may be a storage area for storing aerosolizable material. For example, the storage area may be a reservoir. In one embodiment, the area for receiving aerosolizable material may be separate from, or combined with, an aerosol generating area.

is a schematic diagram of an electronic vapor/aerosol provision system such as an e-cigarettein accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure (not to scale). The e-cigarette has a generally cylindrical shape, extending along a longitudinal axis indicated by dashed line LA, and comprises two main components, namely a bodyand a cartomizer. The cartomizer includes an internal chamber containing a reservoir of a payload such as for example a liquid comprising nicotine, a vaporizer (such as a heater), and a mouthpiece. References to ‘nicotine’ hereafter will be understood to be merely exemplary and can be substituted with any suitable active ingredient. References to ‘liquid’ as a payload hereafter will be understood to be merely exemplary and can be substituted with any suitable payload such as botanical matter (for example tobacco that is to be heated rather than burned), or a gel comprising an active ingredient and/or flavoring. The reservoir may be a foam matrix or any other structure for retaining the liquid until such time that it is required to be delivered to the vaporizer. In the case of a liquid/flowing payload, the vaporizer is for vaporizing the liquid, and the cartomizermay further include a wick or similar facility to transport a small amount of liquid from the reservoir to a vaporizing location on or adjacent the vaporizer. In the following, a heater is used as a specific example of a vaporizer. However, it will be appreciated that other forms of vaporizer (for example, those which utilize ultrasonic waves) could also be used and it will also be appreciated that the type of vaporizer used may also depend on the type of payload to be vaporized.

The bodyincludes a re-chargeable cell or battery to provide power to the e-cigaretteand a circuit board for generally controlling the e-cigarette. When the heater receives power from the battery, as controlled by the circuit board, the heater vaporizes the liquid and this vapor is then inhaled by a user through the mouthpiece. In some specific embodiments the body is further provided with a manual activation device, e.g. a button, switch, or touch sensor located on the outside of the body.

The bodyand cartomizermay be detachable from one another by separating in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis LA, as shown in, but are joined together when the deviceis in use by a connection, indicated schematically inasA andB, to provide mechanical and electrical connectivity between the bodyand the cartomizer. The electrical connectorB on the bodythat is used to connect to the cartomizeralso serves as a socket for connecting a charging device (not shown) when the bodyis detached from the cartomizer. The other end of the charging device may be plugged into a USB socket to re-charge the cell in the bodyof the e-cigarette. In other implementations, a cable may be provided for direct connection between the electrical connectorB on the bodyand a USB socket.

The e-cigaretteis provided with one or more holes (not shown in) for air inlets. These holes connect to an air passage through the e-cigaretteto the mouthpiece. When a user inhales through the mouthpiece, air is drawn into this air passage through the one or more air inlet holes, which are suitably located on the outside of the e-cigarette. When the heater is activated to vaporize the nicotine from the cartridge, the airflow passes through, and combines with, the generated vapor, and this combination of airflow and generated vapor then passes out of the mouthpieceto be inhaled by a user. Except in single-use devices, the cartomizermay be detached from the bodyand disposed of when the supply of liquid is exhausted (and replaced with another cartomizer if so desired).

It will be appreciated that the e-cigaretteshown inis presented by way of example, and various other implementations can be adopted. For example, in some embodiments, the cartomizeris provided as two separable components, namely a cartridge comprising the liquid reservoir and mouthpiece (which can be replaced when the liquid from the reservoir is exhausted), and a vaporizer comprising a heater (which is generally retained). As another example, the charging facility may connect to an additional or alternative power source, such as a car cigarette lighter.

is a schematic (simplified) diagram of the bodyof the e-cigaretteofin accordance with some embodiments of the invention.can generally be regarded as a cross-section in a plane through the longitudinal axis LA of the e-cigarette. Note that various components and details of the body, e.g. such as wiring and more complex shaping, have been omitted fromfor reasons of clarity.

The bodyincludes a battery or cellfor powering the e-cigarettein response to a user activation of the device. Additionally, the bodyincludes a control unit (not shown in), for example a chip such as an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) or microcontroller, for controlling the e-cigarette. The microcontroller or ASIC includes a CPU or micro-processor. The operations of the CPU and other electronic components are generally controlled at least in part by software programs running on the CPU (or other component). Such software programs may be stored in non-volatile memory, such as ROM, which can be integrated into the microcontroller itself, or provided as a separate component. The CPU may access the ROM to load and execute individual software programs as and when required. The microcontroller also contains appropriate communications interfaces (and control software) for communicating as appropriate with other devices in the body.

The bodyfurther includes a capto seal and protect the far (distal) end of the e-cigarette. Typically there is an air inlet hole provided in or adjacent to the capto allow air to enter the bodywhen a user inhales on the mouthpiece. The control unit or ASIC may be positioned alongside or at one end of the battery. In some embodiments, the ASIC is attached to a sensor unitto detect an inhalation on mouthpiece(or alternatively the sensor unitmay be provided on the ASIC itself). An air path is provided from the air inlet through the e-cigarette, past the airflow sensorand the heater (in the vaporizer or cartomizer), to the mouthpiece. Thus when a user inhales on the mouthpiece of the e-cigarette, the CPU detects such inhalation based on information from the airflow sensor.

At the opposite end of the bodyfrom the capis the connectorB for joining the bodyto the cartomizer. The connectorB provides mechanical and electrical connectivity between the bodyand the cartomizer. The connectorB includes a body connector, which is metallic (silver-plated in some embodiments) to serve as one terminal for electrical connection (positive or negative) to the cartomizer. The connectorB further includes an electrical contactto provide a second terminal for electrical connection to the cartomizerof opposite polarity to the first terminal, namely body connector. The electrical contactis mounted on a coil spring. When the bodyis attached to the cartomizer, the connectorA on the cartomizerpushes against the electrical contactin such a manner as to compress the coil spring in an axial direction, i.e. in a direction parallel to (co-aligned with) the longitudinal axis LA. In view of the resilient nature of the spring, this compression biases the springto expand, which has the effect of pushing the electrical contactfirmly against connectorA of the cartomizer, thereby helping to ensure good electrical connectivity between the bodyand the cartomizer. The body connectorand the electrical contactare separated by a trestle, which is made of a non-conductor (such as plastic) to provide good insulation between the two electrical terminals. The trestleis shaped to assist with the mutual mechanical engagement of connectorsA andB.

As mentioned above, a button, which represents a form of manual activation device, may be located on the outer housing of the body. The buttonmay be implemented using any appropriate mechanism which is operable to be manually activated by the user—for example, as a mechanical button or switch, a capacitive or resistive touch sensor, and so on. It will also be appreciated that the manual activation devicemay be located on the outer housing of the cartomizer, rather than the outer housing of the body, in which case, the manual activation devicemay be attached to the ASIC via the connectionsA,B. The buttonmight also be located at the end of the body, in place of (or in addition to) cap.

is a schematic diagram of the cartomizerof the e-cigaretteofin accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure.can generally be regarded as a cross-section in a plane through the longitudinal axis LA of the e-cigarette. Note that various components and details of the cartomizer, such as wiring and more complex shaping, have been omitted fromfor reasons of clarity.

The cartomizerincludes an air passageextending along the central (longitudinal) axis of the cartomizerfrom the mouthpieceto the connectorA for joining the cartomizerto the body. A reservoir of liquidis provided around the air passage. This reservoirmay be implemented, for example, by providing cotton or foam soaked in liquid. The cartomizeralso includes a heaterfor heating liquid from reservoirto generate vapor to flow through air passageand out through mouthpiecein response to a user inhaling on the e-cigarette. The heateris powered through linesand, which are in turn connected to opposing polarities (positive and negative, or vice versa) of the batteryof the main bodyvia connectorA (the details of the wiring between the power linesandand connectorA are omitted from).

The connectorA includes an inner electrode, which may be silver-plated or made of some other suitable metal or conducting material. When the cartomizeris connected to the body, the inner electrodecontacts the electrical contactof the bodyto provide a first electrical path between the cartomizerand the body. In particular, as the connectorsA andB are engaged, the inner electrodepushes against the electrical contactso as to compress the coil spring, thereby helping to ensure good electrical contact between the inner electrodeand the electrical contact.

The inner electrodeis surrounded by an insulating ring, which may be made of plastic, rubber, silicone, or any other suitable material. The insulating ring is surrounded by the cartomizer connector, which may be silver-plated or made of some other suitable metal or conducting material. When the cartomizeris connected to the body, the cartomizer connectorcontacts the body connectorof the bodyto provide a second electrical path between the cartomizerand the body. In other words, the inner electrodeand the cartomizer connectorserve as positive and negative terminals (or vice versa) for supplying power from the batteryin the bodyto the heaterin the cartomizervia supply linesandas appropriate.

The cartomizer connectoris provided with two lugs or tabsA,B, which extend in opposite directions away from the longitudinal axis of the e-cigarette. These tabs are used to provide a bayonet fitting in conjunction with the body connectorfor connecting the cartomizerto the body. This bayonet fitting provides a secure and robust connection between the cartomizerand the body, so that the cartomizer and body are held in a fixed position relative to one another, with minimal wobble or flexing, and the likelihood of any accidental disconnection is very small. At the same time, the bayonet fitting provides simple and rapid connection and disconnection by an insertion followed by a rotation for connection, and a rotation (in the reverse direction) followed by withdrawal for disconnection. It will be appreciated that other embodiments may use a different form of connection between the bodyand the cartomizer, such as a snap fit or a screw connection.

is a schematic diagram of certain details of the connectorB at the end of the bodyin accordance with some embodiments of the disclosure (but omitting for clarity most of the internal structure of the connector as shown in, such as trestle). In particular,shows the external housingof the body, which generally has the form of a cylindrical tube. This external housingmay comprise, for example, an inner tube of metal with an outer covering of paper or similar. The external housingmay also comprise the manual activation device(not shown in) so that the manual activation deviceis easily accessible to the user.

The body connectorextends from this external housingof the body. The body connectoras shown incomprises two main portions, a shaft portionin the shape of a hollow cylindrical tube, which is sized to fit just inside the external housingof the body, and a lip portionwhich is directed in a radially outward direction, away from the main longitudinal axis (LA) of the e-cigarette. Surrounding the shaft portionof the body connector, where the shaft portion does not overlap with the external housing, is a collar or sleeve, which is again in a shape of a cylindrical tube. The collaris retained between the lip portionof the body connectorand the external housingof the body, which together prevent movement of the collarin an axial direction (i.e. parallel to axis LA). However, collaris free to rotate around the shaft portion(and hence also axis LA).

As mentioned above, the capis provided with an air inlet hole to allow air to flow when a user inhales on the mouthpiece. However, in some embodiments the majority of air that enters the device when a user inhales flows through collarand body connectoras indicated by the two arrows in.

Referring now also to, in an embodiment of the present disclosure, an electronic vapor provision system (EVPS)such as one of those described previously herein is adapted to provide its user with feedback. The feedback is provided in relation to one or more predefined inhalation airflow profiles. An inhalation airflow profile describes the velocity and/or amount of air inhaled through the electronic cigarette of the EVPS over the course of a puff by the user.

Such profiles may thus characterize a short, low-dosage puff, or a long, higher dosage puff. Similarly the profiles may vary depending on whether the user's inhalation is shallow or deep. Hence the profile may be of arbitrary length, depending on the corresponding inhalation behavior, and the airflow parameter described by the profile may vary over that time as the characteristics of the user's inhalation varies.

Optionally a profile may be predefined at manufacture or by a distributor, or may be loaded later by a user.

A profile is typically defined parametrically, to optionally varying degrees of approximation. A profile may thus define a target shape of an inhalation as a time history or curve, or may define the peak airflow (or a similar measure of intensity) and the duration for the inhalation profile, or may define the integral of the airflow and the time, in either case optionally together with one or more further parameters responsive to the inhalation curve (such as a timing for a peak within the inhalation).

The inhalation performed by a user may thus be compared to the profile description, whether this is by tracing inhalation with respect to a time history or curve, or comparing the difference between a target profile position on an inhalation intensity/time plot and the user's current position, either after an inhalation is complete, or as it progresses.

In addition, optionally a profile may be taught by the user in a training mode, where the user performs the desired inhalation and this is measured (as will be discussed later herein). Optionally an average of a plurality of such inhalations may be used to create an inhalation profile.

Optionally, with a suitable interface (such as one provided by a mobile phone) a profile may be defined through a user interface, or an existing profile may be edited to create a custom profile without training by use of one or more example inhalation.

Profiles may then subsequently be selected by the user, and/or selected by the EVPS according to one or more criteria such as: the time of day (for example having a short and/or shallow puff during working hours, and a longer and/or deeper puff in the evenings); day of week (for example having a short and/or shallow puff during weekdays, and a longer and/or deeper puff on the weekends; the user's location (if at least one component of the EVPS can use a GPS signal, or associate a location with a BlueTooth® or WiFi ID); type of vapor being provided (for example as a function of nicotine concentration, flavor or the like); the present power of the EVPS; and similarity to the measured airflow parameter (in other words, selecting the closest profile to the actual inhalation). In the case of the type of vapor, a profile may be associated with a particular payload. The may be accessed (for example downloaded) by use of a QR code or other identifier on the payload's packaging, or by use of a code that can be parsed to reconstruct the profile (for example, the possible permutations of just four letters allow for identifying nearly half a million different profiles).

Profiles may be absolute values, such that only one is selected (e.g. only based on time of day, but not day of week) and/or may be relative or cumulative with respect to a selected profile or a baseline or neutral profile, so that for example on a weekend evening, both the time of day and day of week profiles combine to further lengthen/deepen the inhalation profile (for example) compared to a week day or office hours alone. The current payload strength and/or the current power setting of the EVPS may then further modify such a profile, and so on.

Hence profiles may be predefined, added during use, or may be defined or trained by the user, and may subsequently be chosen individually, or if formatted appropriately, may optionally be combined.

As noted above, the user might train the EVPS with a particular profile. In order to perform such inhalation training, and also in order to compare a user's inhalation with an existing profile, the EVPS is operable to generate a measured airflow parameter that varies over time in response to airflow.

Accordingly, according to aspects of the present disclosure, the EVPS comprises an airflow measurement unit or means (for example airflow sensor) within the e-cigarette that is operable to generate a measured airflow parameter that varies over time in response to airflow.

The airflow measurement means may detect airflow speed, and optionally in conjunction with the cross sectional area of the channel in which it performs the measurement, estimate the current volume of air being inhaled (for instance for successive measurement periods or sample periods of the measurement means). Alternatively or in addition, any suitable air speed or volume flow sensor (collectively referred to as an air flow measurement means) may be used. Hence one or more air flow measurement means of one or more types may be used as appropriate.

This airflow parameter may then be used to train a profile, or subsequently to compare current usage with an existing profile, as noted above.

To store and/or access one or more profiles (whether predefined by manufacturer, user-defined or trained), in embodiments of the present invention the EVPS comprises a profile recall unit or means operable to recall one or more inhalation airflow profiles.