Anmal Defecate Collection Apparatus

The improved animal defecate collection apparatus relates to devices for collecting animal feces also referred to as a pet waste disposal device.

BACKGROUND OF THE EMBODIMENTS

Pet owners need to ensure that they dispose of their pet's waste responsibly, whether that means picking it up and throwing it away in a designated trash bin or using a waste disposal system specifically designed for pet waste. Cleanup of pet waste is more than just a responsible activity but is the subject of numerous state laws.

That is, pet waste ordinances, also known as pooper scooper laws, vary by city and state. These laws typically require pet owners to clean up after their dogs when they are in public spaces, such as parks, sidewalks, and other areas. Failure to clean up after your dog can result in fines or other penalties. It is important for pet owners to be aware of and follow pet waste ordinances to help keep public spaces clean and sanitary for everyone. Failure to comply with these laws can not only result in fines but also contribute to environmental pollution and health risks. Some common pooper scooper laws include requiring pet owners to carry bags or scoops to clean up after their pets; prohibiting pet waste from being left on public or private property; requiring pet owners to dispose of pet waste in designated trash receptacles; and, enforcing penalties, such as fines, for not cleaning up after pets.

Numerous pet waste disposal devices, sometime colloquially referred to as “pooper scoopers”, exist to assist pet owners with waste cleanup. While helpful, these assistant devices as presently designed have some issues. For example, some pet waste devices may be poorly designed, making it difficult to effectively pick up pet waste without spills or mess. This can be frustrating and time-consuming for pet owners. Other pet waste devices may be made of cheap or flimsy materials that break easily, resulting in the need for frequent replacement. This can be expensive and inconvenient for pet owners. Further, some pet waste devices may be made of materials that retain strong odors, making it unpleasant to use and store. This can make the task of cleaning up pet waste even more unappealing for pet owners. Additionally, pet waste devices may not be effective at thoroughly cleaning up pet waste, leaving behind residue or stains. This can be unhygienic and unsanitary, potentially harming the health of pets and their owners. Some pet waste devices may be limited in their ability to be used on different types of surfaces or in different environments. This can make it challenging for pet owners to effectively clean up after their pets in various situations. Finally, pet waste devices may be too small or too large to effectively handle pet waste, making it difficult to use and causing spills or messes. This can be frustrating and inconvenient for pet owners.

In one aspect, a pet waste disposal device includes a shaft having a hollow center with at least one cable extending through the hollow center along a length of the shaft, where the at least one cable is configured within the device to have a movement range along the length of the shaft. The movement range has a lower range position and an upper range position. The device further includes a cable adjustor having a first placement and a second placement. When in the first placement, one or more cables are in the lower range position. When in the second placement, one or more cables are in the upper range position. The cable(s) is substantially taunt in the first and second placement. The device further includes a base member connected to a lower end of the shaft. The base member has at least five discrete portions, which include: a center portion, a right center portion positioned between the center portion and a rightmost portion, the rightmost portion having a right tension anchor disposed therein connected to a right tensioner, the right tensioner being connected through the right center portion and the center portion and to at least a portion of the at least one cable. Movement of the at least one cable from the lower position to upper position results in the right tensioner applying a first force in a horizontal plane pulling the rightmost portion and the right center portion towards the center portion causing the rightmost and the right center portions to move in the horizontal plane toward the center portion. Movement of the at least one cable from the lower position to the upper position results in the right tensioner applying a second force in the horizontal plane pulling the rightmost portion and the right center portion away from the center portion causing the rightmost and the right center portions to move in the horizontal plane away from the center portion. The base member also includes a left center portion positioned between the center portion and a leftmost portion. The leftmost portion has a left tension anchor disposed therein connected to the left tensioner. The left tensioner is connected through the left center portion and the center portion and to at least a portion of the at least one cable. Movement of the at least one cable from the lower position to upper position results in the left tensioner applying a first force in the horizontal plane pulling the leftmost portion and the left center portion towards the center portion causing the leftmost and the left center portions to move in the horizontal plane toward the center portion. Movement of the at least one cable from the lower position to the upper position results in the left tensioner applying a second force in the horizontal plane pulling the leftmost portion and the left center portion away from the center portion causing the leftmost and the left center portions to move in the horizontal plane away from the center portion. The base member is configured to removably attach and support a flexible waste disposal bag, which has a rightmost attachment to the rightmost portion, and which has a leftmost attachment to the leftmost portion. When attached to the base member the flexible waste disposal bag has a single opening facing substantially upwards relative to a ground surface, which is substantially parallel to the horizonal plane. The opening has a large aperture position when the cable adjustor is in the lower position and having a small aperture position when the cable adjustor is in the upper position. The large aperture position has a first length in the horizontal plane greater than a second length in the horizontal plane of the small aperture position. The large aperture position is associated with inserting pet waste into the flexible waste disposal bag. The small aperture position is associated with detaching the flexible waste disposal bag from the base member and disposing the waste disposal bag presumed to contain pet waste.

In one embodiment, the cable adjustor is a slide through which the shaft runs. The slide May include an extrusion, where a locking mechanism is coupled to the shaft that engages the extrusion preventing movement of the slide when in the second placement. In absence of preventing movement of the slide via the locking mechanism, the slide will move resulting in the first placement. In one embodiment, the pet waste disposal device further includes a handle connected to the shaft. The handle includes a storage compartment for unused ones of the flexible waste disposal bags.

In embodiments, one or more cables may be two cables. The right tensioner is connected to the first of the two cables. The left tensioner is connected to a second of the two cables. In one embodiment, the one or more cables are elastic, where the movement range along the length of the shaft results from stretching.

In embodiments, when the cable is in the lower position, the pet disposal device is in an open state. When in the open state, the horizontal length of the base member is at least a sum of the horizontal length of the rightmost portion, the right center portion, the center portion, the left center portion, and the leftmost portion. When in the open state, a horizontal length of an aperture of an attached flexible waste disposal bag is approximately a sum of the horizontal length of the rightmost portion, the right center portion, the center portion, the left center portion, and the leftmost portion.

In embodiments when the cable is in the upper position, the pet disposal device is in a closed state. When in the closed state, the horizontal length of the base member is greater than the horizontal length of the center portion but less than a sum of the horizontal length of the center portion and any of the other discrete portions. When in the closed state, the horizontal length of an aperture of an attached flexible waste disposal bag is less than the horizontal length of any of the discrete portions.

In embodiments, the rightmost portion includes a right tine, and the leftmost portion includes a left tine, which form a right and left edge supporting an opening of a flexible waste disposal.

In one aspect, a pet waste disposal device includes: a shaft having a hollow center with at least one cable extending through the hollow center along a length of the shaft. The one or more cables have a movement range along the length of the shaft. The movement range has a lower range position and an upper range position. The pet waste disposal device also includes a cable adjustor having a first placement and a second placement. When in the first placement, one or more cables are in the lower range position resulting in an open state for the pet waste disposal device. When in the second placement, the one or more cables are in the upper range position resulting in a closed state for the pet waste disposal device. The cable is substantially taunt in the first and second placement. The pet waste disposal device also includes a locking mechanism for inhibiting movement of at least one cable and the cable adjustor to maintain the closed state when locked. When the locking mechanism is unlocked, the pet waste disposal device is in an open state. A base member is connected to the lower end of the shaft. The base member has at least three discrete portions, which are mirrored relative to a vertical plane bisecting the center of the base member. The vertical plane is approximately perpendicular to a horizontal plane approximately parallel to a ground surface., where flexible, disposable plastic bags are attachable to the base member; the base member connected to a lower end of the shaft, said base member having at least three discrete portions, includes a center portion, a rightmost portion having a right tension anchor disposed therein connected to a right tensioner, which is connected to the at least one cable, said rightmost portion having a tine extending approximately parallel to the vertical plane, and a leftmost portion having a left tension anchor disposed therein connected to a left tensioner, which is connected to the at least one cable, said leftmost portion having a tine extending approximately parallel to the vertical plane, where when in the open state, a horizontal length of the base member is approximately the sum of a horizontal length of the discrete portions, where a large aperture of an attached one of the flexible disposable bags has an aperture horizontal length approximately equal to the horizontal length of the base member, where when in the closed state, a horizontal length of the base member is greater than the horizontal length of the center portion but less than the sum of the length of the center portion and the leftmost portion, where a small aperture of the attached one of the flexible disposable base has an aperture horizontal length less than a horizontal length of any of the discrete portions, and where transitioning between the open and the closed state results in a flipping of the leftmost portion and the rightmost portion along a pivot point connecting said portions to the center portion so that what was previously a backside of the leftmost portion and the rightmost portion relative to the horizontal plane is now a frontside of the leftmost portion and the rightmost portion, where the flipping results in the tines previously extending from an outermost region of the rightmost and leftmost portions relative to the center portion changing to an innermost region of the leftmost portion and rightmost portion relative to the center portion.

The pet waste disposal device may also include where a horizontal length of the rightmost portion approximately equals a horizontal length of the leftmost portion, where a horizontal length of the center portion is greater than the sum of the horizontal length of the rightmost and leftmost portions. The pet waste disposal device may also include where the cable adjustor is a slide through which the shaft runs, where the slide includes an extrusion, where the locking mechanism is a hinged latch that engages the extrusion preventing movement of the slide when in the closed position. Other technical features may be readily apparent to one skilled in the art from the following figures, descriptions, and claims.

In one aspect, a pet waste disposal device includes: a shaft having a hollow center with at least one cable extending through the hollow center along a length of the shaft, where the at least one cable is configured within the device to have a movement range along the length of the shaft, said movement range having a lower range position and an upper range position, a slide through which the shaft runs, which is able to move within a range along the shaft, where the at least one cable is connected to the slide, where said slide has a first placement and a second placement, where when in the first placement, the at least one cable is in the lower range position resulting in an open state for the pet waste disposal device, where when in the second placement, the at least one cable is in the upper range position resulting in a closed state for the pet waste disposal device, wherein the cable is substantially taunt in the first and second placement, where the slide has an extrusion, a hinged latch connected to the shaft that engages the extrusion preventing movement of the slide when in the closed position, and a base member connected to a lower end of the shaft, said base member includes a left tine and a right tine, which form a right and left edge supporting an opening of a flexible disposable bag attached to the base member, where when in the closed state, the left and right tines are positioned proximate to the center of the base member, where when in an open state, the left and right tines are positioned as far away from the base member as possible.

The pet waste disposal device may also include said base member having at least three discrete portions, includes a center portion, a rightmost portion upon which the right tine is in a fixed position, and a leftmost portion upon which the left tine is in a fixed upon, where when in the open position, a horizontal length of the base member is a sum of horizontal lengths of the discrete portions, where when in the closed state, a horizontal length between the left and right tines is less than a horizontal length of any of the rightmost portion, the leftmost portion, and the center portion. The pet waste disposal device may also include further includes: a handle connected to the shaft, where the handle includes a storage compartment for unused ones of the flexible waste disposal bags. Other technical features may be readily apparent to one skilled in the art from the following figures, descriptions, and claims.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings. Identical elements in the various figures are identified with the same reference numerals.

Reference will now be made in detail to each embodiment of the present invention. Such embodiments are provided by way of explanation of the present invention, which is not intended to be limited thereto. In fact, those of ordinary skill in the art may appreciate upon reading the present specification and viewing the present drawings that various modifications and variations can be made thereto.

As used herein, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the,” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

As used herein in the specification and in the claims, the phrase “at least one,” in reference to a list of one or more elements, should be understood to mean at least one element selected from any one or more of the elements in the list of elements, but not necessarily including at least one of each and every element specifically listed within the list of elements and not excluding any combinations of elements in the list of elements. This definition also allows that elements may optionally be present other than the elements specifically identified within the list of elements to which the phrase “at least one” refers, whether related or unrelated to those elements specifically identified. Thus, as a non-limiting example, “at least one of A and B” (or, equivalently, “at least one of A or B,” or, equivalently “at least one of A and/or B”) can refer, in one embodiment, to at least one, optionally including more than one, A, with no B present (and optionally including elements other than B); in another embodiment, to at least one, optionally including more than one, B, with no A present (and optionally including elements other than A); in yet another embodiment, to at least one, optionally including more than one, A, and at least one, optionally including more than one, B (and optionally including other elements); etc.

As used herein, an “embodiment” means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic is included in at least one or more manifestations, examples, or implementations of this invention. Furthermore, the particular features, structures or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner, as would be apparent to a person skilled in the art. Combinations of features of different embodiments are all meant to be within the scope of the invention, without the need for explicitly describing every possible permutation by example. Thus, any of the claimed embodiments can be used in any combination. The phrase “and/or,” as used herein in the specification and in the claims, should be understood to mean “either or both” of the elements so conjoined, e.g., elements that are conjunctively present in some cases and disjunctively present in other cases. Thus, as a non-limiting example, a reference to “A and/or B”, when used in conjunction with open-ended language such as “comprising” can refer, in one embodiment, to A only (optionally including elements other than B); in another embodiment, to B only (optionally including elements other than A); in yet another embodiment, to both A and B (optionally including other elements); etc.

provide illustrations for a pet waste disposal device in accordance with aspects of the disclosure. A selected embodiment for the pet waste disposal device is shown with regards to. Common elements are similarly labeled between the figures are provided for clarity and ease of understanding the novel concepts conveyed and claimed herein. Although the selected embodiment (with reference to) illustrates the elements using common labels as more abstract rendering shown in, no claim scope limiting inferences are being conveyed. For example, the slide mechanism configuration illustrated infor the claimed cable adjustoris an elaborated upon implementation choice, which is not to be considered a constraint on the invention scope.

A pet waste disposal devicehas a handle, a shaft, and a base member. At least one cableextends through a central portion of the hollow shaft. A flexible bagis able to be detachably coupled to the base member, which has an upwardly facing opening, when attached. With reference to, the bagis shown in use in conjunction with the base memberbeing in an open state. In this state, pet wastesare placed into a bottom of the flexible bag, which is thereafter closed and discarded. Flexible bagsof various sizes can be used. In embodiments, smaller bagscan attach only to the base memberthrough a use of clips (not shown) or other bagsecuring component.

Embodimentsand(as well as,, and) illustrate an open state for the pet waste device. Embodimentsand(as well asand) illustrate a closed state for the pet waste device. Open and closed are relative terms denoting a large aperture exists for the bagcompared to the smaller aperture of the bagexistent for the closed state. That is, the bagmay, but need not be, fully open in the open state and may, but need not be, fully closed in the closed state.

Transitioning between the open and closed state occurs through movement of the cable. Cable adjustorallows the cable to travel within a range along the length of the shaftfrom a lower range positionto an upper range position. Movement of the cableresults in movement of and/or force being applied to a right tensionerand a left tensioner. This results in a horizontal movement of the rightmostand leftmostportions of the base member. With reference to, the rightand lefttensioners can be implemented utilizing an elastic string anchored (, and) to the leftmostand rightmostportions. Further, the tinescan be positioned further away from the central positionin the open position, and closer to the central positionin the closed position. Effectively, the leftmostand rightmostportions are flipped approximately upside down when transitioning from the open to closed state.

Although terms like “lower” and “upper” have been used to describe the positions consistent with the presented figures, such as, these need not be positioned in such a fashion in all embodiments. For example, a “lower” position could be positioned physically above the “upper” position and still be within scope of the disclosure. Thus, for interpretation purposes “upper” position can refer to any first position and “lower” can refer to any second position, and so forth.

The waste disposal device can be selectively locked or fixed onto the open and closed states. In embodiments, intermediate positions between the open and closed states may also have locked points.

In other embodiments, only the open and closed states are stable, where intermediate states are simply used during a transition.

For example, embodiment(reference,,) shows a “default” state of open (reference embodimentof) where a tension adjustor (is in a lower position) with reference to embodimentof. Gravity and/or a biasing mechanism(s) result in the default state being open. One such biasing member includes a leftand righttensioner, which may be implemented as an elastic string or equivalent as noted by. Embodiment, as well as, shows a closed state achieved by sliding tension adjustorupwards along shaftas shown by embodiment. There, a latchengages with backside of slide extensionto prevent the slide (adjustor) from moving downwards towards the base member. When in such a position (with reference toand embodiment), a constant downward force can be exerted on the slide (adjustor), such that release of latchresults in a change from the closed to the open state. In one embodiment, the constant downward force results from the cable(s)and/or the tensioners,being formed from an elastic material. Biasing to exert equivalent constant downward force can alternatively be implemented through a series of springs or other biasing mechanisms.

As shown, latchutilizes a spring and a pivot arrangement for selective locking and unlocking of an extrusion (slide extension). Other locks or stabilizers are possible for stabilizing the waste disposal device in the non-default state(s). The preferred default state is the open state (with reference to).

In embodiments, one or more pullies or equivalent can be placed within the interior of the shaftfor mechanical advantage and/or to change a direction of force of an internal biasing component (such as an elastic cable). That is, inclusion of a single pully anchored in the interior of shaftcan result in the slide (cable adjustor) of embodimentsandbeing biased in an upward position instead of the downward one as shown. As shown by, use of a hollow slide fitting outside the circumference of the shaftis a user friendly, resilient, and cost effective way of implementing the cable adjustor, in one preferred embodiment.

The base memberincludes numerous discrete portions that move horizontally relative to each other. The discrete portions include a central portion, which is approximately centered at the lower end of the shaft. In one embodiment, using a reference plane perpendicular to the horizontal planeor ground, where the reference plane vertically bisects the base memberand the shaft, base membercomponents mirror each other from the perspective of the vertical reference plane. Accordingly, portionmay be a mirror image of portionand portionMay be a mirror image of portion. In embodiments, outward edges of each of the discrete portions are approximately (within 5%) parallel to the direction of a set of tines. When in the open state, the tinesform an outer edge defining, at least in part the shape of the aperture, as seen with reference to. a terminal weighted guideor chain assists in forming a cavity formed using the flexible bag.

Adjacent to the central portionis the right center portionand the left center portion. The rightmostand leftmostportions of the base membermay include extending tines. The tinesand the rightmostand leftmostportions may be a unified structural component. In another embodiment, the tinesmay be separately constructed from the rightmostand leftmost portionsbut coupled thereto.

With reference to, the base memberis shown as having five discreate portions. Other embodiments exist. For example, the base membermay have only three discrete portions in contemplated embodiments lacking the right centerand left centerportions. Embodimentofillustrates an “in-use” positioning relative to a ground surface, where a bagopening or aperture will be approximately opposing the force of gravity. A horizontal planeis shown that is approximately parallel (+/−20%) to the ground surface. When in the open state, a large aperture position exists for the bag, where a lengthbetween timesandis approximately (within 10%) of a horizontal length of a sum of the lengths,,,, andof the base member portions-referenced along the horizontal plane.

In one embodiment, the horizontal lengthof the leftmost portionis approximately equivalent to the horizontal lengthof the rightmost portion. Similarly, the horizontal lengthof the left center portionis approximately equivalent to the horizontal lengthof the right center portion.

With reference to, the horizontal lengthof the smaller apertureis less than or equal to the lengthof the collapsed version (closed position) of the base membersin that direction. As shown in, the smaller apertureis approximately equivalent to the length. In another embodiment, the outer base membersandare inwardly folded or flipped so that the tinesandare facing a closer to a center of the center portion when in the closed state, as shown by embodimentof. That is, effectively, the outermost members are flipped approximately 180 degrees (+/−30%) to minimize lengthand to make the smaller aperture “more closed” than if the outermost membersandwere not flipped. Accordingly, what is a frontside (facing away from the ground) of portionsand/orin the open state become the backside when in a closed state, as shown by embodimentof.show a closer, more detailed view of how such flipping occurs. That is, an left(also) and right(also) elastic cord or string has two anchor pointsandto which it is affixed to portionsand, in embodiments. Various portions-are connected via pins,or other pivoting members to create an inward compression force, which secures the base memberin a closed position (see) by decreasing the compression forceand compressing the tensioners when closed.

The base member lengthis at least as wide as the length of the central portion. In one embodiment, the lengthis less than the sum of lengthandas well as being less than the sum of the lengthand the length. In one embodiment, the lengthis slightly greater than twice the length of the sum ofand, which allows them to “flip” as illustrated by embodimentand. Lengthsandmay be approximately equivalent to each other in some embodiments. Flipping the rightmostand leftmostportion when their sum is only slightly greater than lengthresults in tinesandapproximately touching and lengthapproaching zero (when the tinesandare touching). In other embodiments as referenced by embodiment, the lengthwill be greater than zero but less than any of the discrete portion-lengths.

In one embodiment, the lengthis at least as great as any of lengths,,, and. In embodiments, a height (perpendicular to length) of base member portions-in the closed state is greater than the vertical length of base member portions-in the open state. See, for example, embodiment, where the open position effectively results in component base members-being flat. In embodiment,, one or more of the potions-have been stacked on top of each other. In one embodiment, the previously horizontal surface of the right centerand left centerportions can be approximately vertically facing in the closed state (see embodiment).

Referencing embodiment, the base membercan be pivotally connected to the shaft. For example, a sleaveinto which the shaftfits (securable via a screw or rivet, for example) can connected via a hinge or other connectorto the center portion. This is also shown clearly in. Specifically, pivot pointpermits shaftrotationinto a collapsed position. This permits various angles to exist between shaftand the base member, as shown byand. In one embodiment, the angle of the shaftrelative to a plane of the base membersor ground surfacecan be between 0 and 180 degrees (with reference to FIG.. In other embodiments, it can be rotated between 0 and 90 degrees, that is the inhibiter shown incan inhibit an effective rotation of shaftabout pivot point.

Referring again toand focusing upon cable(s)and its interaction with the base member, a rightmost portionis coupled to a right tension anchor, which is a terminal or connecting point for the right tensioner. The leftmost portionis coupled to a left tension anchor, which is a connecting point for the left tensioner. Opposing ends of the rightand lefttensioners, referenced from the respective anchors, are coupled to the cable(s). In embodiments, the rightand lefttensioners are integrated with and are part of the cable(s). For example, two cablescan extend through the shaft, can be guided through cable channels to be ultimately anchored to portionsand. In another embodiment, the right and left tensioners are separate cables or components from the cables, which are coupled thereto. Channels and/or redirection mechanisms (including pulleys) can be used to guide the cable(s)and/or tensioners,in embodiments.

As mentioned, when the cable(s)are in the lower position, the device is in an open state represented by embodiment. When the cable(s)are in an upper position, the device is in a closed stated represented by embodiment. With reference to, transitioning from positionto positionresults in a horizontal forcebeing generated by left tensioner, which is anchored to portion. Concurrently, the transitioning from positiontoresults in a horizontal forcebeing generated by rightmost tensioner. Forcesandcause movement of portions,and portions,towards the center portion, which reduces distanceto, effectively closing the attached flexible bag.

With reference to, transitioning from positionto positionresults in a horizontal forcebeing generated by leftmost tensioner, which is anchored to portion. Concurrently, the transitioning from positiontoresults in a horizontal forcebeing generated by rightmost tensioner. The forcesandcause movement of portions,and portions,away center portion, which increases distanceto, effectively opening the attached flexible bag.

With reference to, a handleof the device may include a storage compartment, in which flexible plastic bagsare stored. These bagscan be disposed after use. In one embodiment, the bagsstored in compartmentare extracted through an opening of the handle. For maximum storage capacity, the bagsmay be bundled into a tight role. The handlecan include an opening/closing cavity for replacing to be used bagsand/or rolls thereof.

With reference to embodimentof, handleis shown with a storage compartment. A portion of a bagextrudes from an openingof compartment, which can be pulled to release a bag. Friction causes the next bag in the compartment to be extruded for future use. With reference to embodimentand, compartmentis opened for insertion of another rollof bags. A screw-based end or cover can be utilized in one embodiment, although other opening/closing mechanisms to access an interior of compartmentare contemplated. Placing new bagsin interior compartmentintegrated into the handlemaximizes storage capability of the pet waste disposal device, makes extraction of bags easy for a user, and ensures a user need not separately carry these bags. This is a concern as pet owners often hold a leash and other items, so minimizing hand-held items or objects is essential for successful and convenient usage.

The block diagrams in the Figures illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of computer systems, methods, and computing devices according to various embodiments of the present invention. In this regard, each block in the block diagrams may represent a module, a segment, or a portion of executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s). In some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the blocks may occur out of the order noted in the Figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved.

The descriptions of the various embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration but are not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the embodiments disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein was chosen to best explain the principles of the embodiments, the practical application or technical improvement over technologies found in the marketplace, or to enable others or ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Although this invention has been described with a certain degree of particularity, it is to be understood that the present disclosure has been made only by way of illustration and that numerous changes in the details of construction and arrangement of parts may be resorted to without departing from the spirit and the scope of the invention.