External Corner Wall Component

The technical solution refers to the field of construction, in particular to construction panels for prefabricated buildings and structures, specifically to corner elements of constructional structures typically used in panel housebuilding.

Known is the device—the corner component for reinforced concrete walls, where the main elements are an internal layer, external layer, thermal insulation layer, reinforcing mesh, first horizontal reinforcing elements, second horizontal reinforcing elements, first vertical reinforcing elements, second vertical reinforcing elements, embedded parts and flexible connectors. The external corner element from the side of the ends is limited by the upper end and the lower end. The internal layer is configured in the shape of a beam with an L-shaped cross section. The internal layer is made of concrete-containing material.

The disadvantage of the known technical solution is insufficient strength of the element due to the possibility of destruction thereof under a respective load from above structures.

The technical result of the subject technical solution is to increase the permissible load in a multi-story building and increase the reliability of joint sealing.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the external corner wall element comprising an internal layer, an external layer, a heat-insulating layer, a reinforcing mesh, first horizontal reinforcing elements, second horizontal reinforcing elements, first vertical reinforcing elements, second vertical reinforcing elements, flexible connectors, and provided with an upper end and a lower end, the internal layer is provided with two first surfaces, two third surfaces and two first lateral surfaces, the internal layer is configured with an L-shaped cross section, the first surfaces face inward of the L shape, each third surface is disposed substantially parallel to corresponding thereto the first surface, the external layer is configured with an L-shape cross section, the external layer is provided with two fourth surfaces, two second surfaces, two third lateral surfaces, two fourth lateral surfaces and two additional surfaces, the fourth surfaces face inward with respect to the L shape of the external layer, each second surface is disposed substantially parallel to corresponding thereto the fourth surface, each fourth lateral surface is adjacent to corresponding thereto the second surface, each third lateral surface is adjacent to corresponding thereto fourth surface, wherein each third lateral surface is coupled to corresponding thereto the fourth lateral surface by means of corresponding thereto additional surface, the heat-insulating layer is configured with an L-shaped cross-section, the heat-insulating layer is provided with two second lateral surfaces, the heat-insulating layer is disposed between the third surfaces and the fourth surfaces, and each fourth lateral surface protrudes in relation to corresponding thereto the first lateral surface, the second lateral surface and the third lateral surface to form a protrusion, the reinforcing mesh is bent at a right angle and disposed in the external layer, the first horizontal reinforcing elements and the second horizontal reinforcing elements are configured in the form of L-shaped bent metal rods, each first horizontal reinforcing element and each second horizontal reinforcing element are disposed in the internal layer in a plane generally perpendicular to the first surfaces, the first vertical reinforcing elements and the second vertical reinforcing elements are configured in the form of metal rods, the first vertical reinforcing elements and the second vertical reinforcing elements are disposed in the internal layer along the first surfaces, wherein the first horizontal reinforcing elements are coupled to one another by means of the first vertical reinforcing elements, the second horizontal reinforcing elements are coupled to one another by the second vertical reinforcing elements, each flexible connector is secured at one end thereof in the internal layer, and at the opposite end in the external layer, in the first particular case, the additional surface is disposed generally at right angle to the third lateral surface and the fourth lateral surface, in the second particular case, each first lateral surface and corresponding thereto the second lateral surface and corresponding thereto the third lateral surface are disposed generally in the same plane, in the third particular case, on the side of the upper end, the heat-insulating layer and the external layer protrude with respect to the internal layer, in the fourth particular case, the first horizontal reinforcing elements are coupled to the second horizontal reinforcing elements.

The figures show: external layer, reinforcing mesh, second surface, protrusion, fourth lateral surface, additional surface, third lateral surface, second lateral surface, heat-insulating layer, first lateral surface, internal layer, first surface, embedded part, first vertical reinforcing element, first horizontal reinforcing element, second vertical reinforcing element, second horizontal reinforcing element, niche, upper end, supporting surface, third surface, fourth surface, lower end.

The main elements of the external corner wall element (hereinafter referred to as the corner element or device) are the internal layer, the external layer, the thermal insulation layer, the reinforcing mesh, the first horizontal reinforcing elements, the second horizontal reinforcing elements, the first vertical reinforcing elements, the second vertical reinforcing elements, the embedded parts and the flexible connectors. The external corner wall element on the side of the ends is limited by the upper endand the lower end.

Attachment of various units, assemblies and individual elements of the device may be carried out directly or by means of various intermediate elements. It is possible to attach one assembly, unit or element of the device to other ones through other assembly or unit thereof. Thus, in this case, attachment is understood to mean any coupling of elements of the device to one another, and also any other coupling that provides structural integrity. The structural connection provides for the spatial mutual disposition and retention of the component elements of the device so as to provide for structural integrity and operability thereof. The structural connection may have a complex configuration with a developed spatial structure, including various protruding elements.

The internal layeris configured in the shape of a beam with an L-shaped cross section (). The internal layeris made of concrete-containing material. The internal layeris limited by two first surfaces, two first lateral surfacesand two third surfaces. The first surfacesof the internal layerface inward (toward one another). When operated, the first surfacesface inward of the building in which external corner wall elements were used during the construction thereof. The third surfacesface inward of the external corner wall element, towards the heat-insulating layer. Between each first surfaceand corresponding thereto third surfacethere is disposed a first lateral surface; thus, corresponding to this pair the first lateral surfaceis the third surface. It is understood that there are two such pairs as part of the external corner wall element. The first lateral surfaceis disposed generally perpendicular to corresponding thereto the first surfaceand the third surfacein this pair. The first lateral surfaces, during the completion of installation and subsequent operation of the building, face toward the wall panels coupled to this external corner wall element. The internal layeris configured reinforced with the first horizontal reinforcing elements, the first vertical reinforcing elements, the second horizontal reinforcing elementsand the second vertical reinforcing elements.

The first horizontal reinforcing elementsand the second horizontal reinforcing elementsare configured in the form of L-shaped bent metal (fiberglass or other material) rods. The first horizontal reinforcing elementsand the second horizontal reinforcing elementsare configured analogously to one another and differ in the disposition thereof in the interior of the internal layer. Each first horizontal reinforcing elementand second horizontal reinforcing elementis disposed in a plane generally perpendicular to the first surfaces, the second surfaces, the first lateral surfaces, the second lateral surfaces, and the third lateral surfaces. Each first horizontal reinforcing elementand second horizontal reinforcing elementis disposed with one portion thereof generally parallel to one first surface, and with the other portion thereof generally parallel to the other first surface(). Each of the first horizontal reinforcing elementsis more distal from one third surfacethan from the other third surface. The first horizontal reinforcing elementsand the second horizontal reinforcing elementsare distributed along the entire length of the internal layerfrom the lower endto the upper end. Further, each first horizontal reinforcing elementis disposed such that, in plan (as shown in), it is “intercrossed” with corresponding thereto the second horizontal reinforcing elementto form a figure similar in shape to the letter W.

The first vertical reinforcing elementsare made of metal (fiberglass or other material) rods. The first vertical reinforcing elementsare disposed along the length of the external corner wall element, generally parallelly to the first lateral surfaces, the first surfacesand the third surfaces. Each first vertical reinforcing elementis coupled to each first horizontal reinforcing element. In a particular case, the first horizontal reinforcing elementsare coupled to the first three vertical reinforcing elements. One of the first vertical reinforcing elementsis attached at the central portion of each first horizontal reinforcing member, and the other two ones are attached in the proximity of the ends of the first horizontal reinforcing elements.

The second vertical reinforcing elementsare also configured in the form of metal (fiberglass or other material) rods. The second vertical reinforcing elementsare disposed along the length of the corner element, generally parallelly to the first lateral surfaces, the first surfacesand the third surfaces. Each second vertical reinforcing elementis coupled to each second horizontal reinforcing element. In a particular case, the second horizontal reinforcing elementsare coupled to three second vertical reinforcing elements. One of the second vertical reinforcing elementsis attached in the central portion of each second horizontal reinforcing element, and the other two onesare attached in the proximity of the ends of the second horizontal reinforcing elements.

The coupling of the first horizontal reinforcing elementsto the first vertical reinforcing elements, as well as the coupling of the second vertical reinforcing elementsto the second horizontal reinforcing elementsmay be performed in various fashions, including by means of a welded connection or by means of a tying wire. The coupling of the first horizontal reinforcing elementswith the second horizontal reinforcing elementsis made by means of a tying wire. Further, one of the outermost vertical reinforcing elements (the first vertical reinforcing elementor the second vertical reinforcing element) is attached to the respective horizontal reinforcing element thereof (the first horizontal reinforcing elementor the second horizontal reinforcing element) by means of a tying wire following coupling the first horizontal reinforcing elementsto the second horizontal reinforcing elements.

The external layeris configured in the form of a beam with an L-shaped cross-section and is made of concrete-containing material. The external layeris limited by two second surfaces, two fourth surfaces, two third lateral surfaces, two fourth lateral surfacesand two additional surfaces. The second surfacesface outward of the building during operation. The fourth surfacesface inward of the external corner wall element towards the heat-insulating layer. Each third lateral surfaceadjacent to the respective fourth surfacethereof is disposed generally perpendicular to this fourth surfaceand directed toward the second surfaceclosest thereto. Every fourth lateral surfaceadjacent to the respective second surfacethereof is disposed perpendicular to this second surfaceand directed toward the fourth surfaceclosest thereto. Each third lateral surfaceis coupled to the respective fourth lateral surfacethereof by means of an additional surfacedisposed generally perpendicular to these surfaces (and). Further, every fourth lateral surfaceprotrudes relative to the respective third lateral surfacethereof to form a protrusionon the external layer.

The reinforcing meshis disposed in the external layer. The reinforcing meshis made of metal wire or rods lacing with one another to form a single flat material object. The reinforcing meshis bent at an angle and is disposed generally similar to the two second surfacesand the two fourth surfaces.

The thermal insulation layeris configured in the form of a beam with an L-shaped cross section (or individual elements generally forming such an L-shaped beam). The thermal insulation layermay be configured integral or composite, consisting of individual elements, in a particular case, for example, of two plates disposed at right angles with respect to one another. The thermal insulation layeris disposed between the internal layerand the external layer. The surfaces of the thermal insulation layer, facing the adjacent wall panels during operation, are designated as the second lateral surfaces.

One first lateral surface, corresponding thereto the second lateral surfaceand corresponding thereto the third lateral surface(disposed on one side of the external corner wall element) are disposed generally in the same plane. The other first lateral surface, corresponding thereto the second lateral surfaceand corresponding thereto the third lateral surfaceare disposed generally in a different one plane.

The length (in the direction from the upper endto the lower endof the external corner wall element) of the internal layeris configured shorter than the length of the heat-insulating elementsand the external layer. Further, on the side of the upper endthere is formed a nichelimited on the side of the internal layerby the supporting surface.

The embedded partis a metal element, for example, an angle bar, partially secured in the body of the concrete (in the internal layer) and partially protruding outward (onto the first surface). The embedded partis intended to couple the external corner wall element with other elements of the constructional structure, for example, with wall panels and floor panels. The embedded partsare installed in the upper portion and lower portion of the internal layeron the side of each of the first surfaces.

Flexible connectors are intended to ensure reliable coupling of the internal layerwith the external layer. Each flexible connector is a rod element made of corrosion-resistant steel or other corrosion-resistant material, such as fiberglass or basalt plastic. Each flexible connector is secured at one end thereof in the material of the internal layer, and at the other end thereof in the material of the external layer. Further, the axis of each flexible connector may be either perpendicular to the first surfacesor disposed at an angle thereto. Further, typically between two flexible connectors with axes, perpendicular to the first surface, which are disposed in the proximity to one another there is placed a flexible connector whose axis is at an angle to the first surface. Further, flexible connectors extend through the heat-insulating layer.

In the case of using the above elements and means, the external corner wall element is implemented as follows (the provided description of the subject illustrates a particular embodiment thereof; other embodiments are also possible using the features of the present technical solution).

On the vibrating table, installed is a removable edge form to form, when pouring concrete, the first surfaces, the second surfaces, the first lateral surfaces, the third lateral surfaces, additional surfacesand the fourth lateral surfaces. The first horizontal reinforcing elementsare coupled to the first vertical reinforcing elementsby means of welding. The second horizontal reinforcing elementsare coupled to the first vertical reinforcing elementsby means of welding. Further, one of the second vertical reinforcing elements(disposed in the proximity of the edges of the second horizontal reinforcing elements) is left unattached. The unattached ends of the second horizontal reinforcing elementsare passed between the first horizontal reinforcing elements, as well as between the first vertical reinforcing elements. Next, the resulting structure of the second horizontal reinforcing elementsand the second vertical reinforcing elementsand the structure of the first horizontal reinforcing elementsand the first vertical reinforcing elementsare coupled to one another, for example, by means of a tying wire. Next, the remaining second vertical reinforcing elementis attached to the ends of the second horizontal reinforcing elementsby means of a tying wire as well.

In the interior of the removable edge form, disposed is the resulting structure of reinforcing elements intended for the internal layer, also disposed are heat-insulating plates to form a heat-insulating layerand a reinforcing meshintended for reinforcing the external layer. Further, flexible connectors are passed through the plates of the heat-insulating layerin advance. Embedded partsare installed in desired places.

Whenever there is a need to form communication holes and connecting holes, holes are provided in the internal layerand in the heat-insulating layer. Hole formers are installed in said holes in the concrete body. The hole formers may be cylindrical elements, such as pipes or cylinders made of easily removable materials, such as expanded polystyrene, polystyrene foam, and the like.

Next, into the prepared configuration of the edge forms poured is a mortar made from a concrete-containing material of the appropriate grade, if necessary, supplemented with additional components that correct its hardening rate, ductility, strength, and so forth. The resulting object is left until the mortar hardens. Further, in order to compact the mortar, turned on is a vibrating table which, by means of vibration, promotes the movement of gas bubbles contained in the mortar to the surface of the mortar and the formation of a more durable internal structure (or the concrete is vibrated by means of screed rails or immersion-type vibrators). Further, the mortar penetrates into the voids of the heat-insulating layer, further providing for a reliable coupling of the structural elements of the wall panel to one another. After the mortar has hardened, the removable edge form is removed. Using lifting equipment, the finished external corner wall element is removed from the vibrating table. Further, flexible connectors are secured in the concrete body to fix the internal layerwith respect to the external layer.

The external corner wall element is delivered to the installation site and mounted such that the first surfacesface inward of the room. The adjacent wall panel is installed in an L-shaped corner defined by the first lateral surface, the second lateral surface, the third lateral surfaceand the additional surface. The wall panel is coupled to the external corner wall element. The seam formed at the junction has an L-shaped configuration. Further, between the building wall panel and the external corner wall element there are disposed fireproof gaskets which are a layer of mineral (basalt) wool providing for fire safety during the operation of the structure. On the side of the room, the seam is further filled with fire-resistant foam. From the external side, the seam is further filled with a sealing compound. The sealing compound is disposed behind the protrusionof the external corner wall element, which fact has a positive effect on the appearance of the structure as a whole.

Exposure to environmental factors such as wind, rain, soil subsidence, and mechanical stress may cause cracks at the junction of the building wall panel with the external corner wall element. Further, if the seam is configured in a rectilinear configuration, as in known cases, there is a danger of the seal being broken and, as a consequence, cold air and moisture from the external environment entering the room. Making the seam curvilinear promotes the increase, compared to a rectilinear one, of aerodynamic resistance to the penetration of environmental factors through the crack. In a particular case, when making an L-shaped seam, a crack typically occurs in one of the portions of the L-shaped seam. Further, the other portion of the seam which portion is disposed at an angle to the damaged one remains intact, thus preventing the penetration of air and moisture into the room. In accordance with the above, the implementation of a constructional external corner wall element in accordance with the present technical solution provides for reduced heat losses, reduced or prevented moisture penetration, thus increasing the operational reliability and wear resistance of the seam in general, and also increasing the strength thereof.

Thus, the implementation of the device with a set of essential features as set forth in the claims provides for increased permissible load in a multi-story building and increased reliability of joint sealing.