Resistance Exoskeletons

This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 63/658,645 filed Jun. 11, 2024, titled “RESISTANCE EXOSKELETON,” the entire contents of which are herein incorporated by reference.

The field of resistance training may involve a variety of users with different needs and limitations. Users may have injuries, specific training goals, sensitivities, or preferences that limit their ability to engage in conventional resistance training. For example, an injured runner may not have the ability to lift heavy weights in their legs due to knee sensitivity. Such users encounter difficulty in finding suitable alternatives that provide adequate resistance without compromising safety, and the challenge of accommodating the full range of motion. The only feasible way to engage in resistance training may require substantial mechanical support throughout the range of motion-something only possible in a well-equipped gym with heavy mechanical equipment. For users who are exercising at home or are away from their favorite gym, such support is difficult to obtain.

Conventional resistance training is limited to using heavy weights or resistance bands, which may pose several problems for individuals looking to improve their strength and physical health. These issues include the inability to lift heavy weights due to injuries or congenital conditions, the difficulty in finding suitable alternatives that provide adequate resistance without compromising safety, and the challenge of accurately measuring and adjusting resistance levels when using alternative methods like springs or bands.

One problem is that people may not be able to lift heavy weights due to various reasons, such as injuries like torn ligaments or congenital conditions like arthritis. This limitation may hinder their ability to engage in effective strength training exercises, which are crucial for maintaining muscle mass, bone density, and overall physical health. Another problem may be finding suitable alternatives to heavy weights that may provide adequate resistance for muscle development without compromising safety or comfort.

One potential solution is to replace heavy weights with other means of resistance, such as springs or bands. These alternatives may offer variable levels of resistance without the need for bulky or cumbersome weights, making them more accessible and convenient for home workouts or rehabilitation settings. However, another problem may be ensuring that these resistance components do not snag or cause injury to the user during exercise, as improper use or malfunctions may lead to accidents or setbacks in progress.

One potential problem with using alternative resistance methods is the difficulty in accurately measuring and adjusting the level of resistance. Unlike traditional weights, which have clearly labeled masses, springs, and bands, they may not provide a consistent or easily quantifiable level of resistance. This inconsistency may make it challenging for users to track their progress, set appropriate goals, or maintain proper form during exercises.

Resistance exoskeletons may offer a novel approach to addressing these challenges. By applying resistance directly to the muscles, rather than putting strain on joints or inflaming existing maladies, exoskeletons may provide a safer and more targeted form of strength training. The shell of the exoskeleton may contain resistance components, such as bands or springs, protecting the user from potential injury.

Resistance exoskeletons may also allow exercisers to engage in a full range of motion while being fully protected from the resistance bands. The resistance exoskeleton's design may limit the range of resistance away from the point of articulation, reducing the risk of injury or discomfort. This targeted resistance may help users focus on specific muscle groups without compromising their safety.

Furthermore, resistance exoskeletons may prevent injuries associated with handling resistance bands, which may become slippery or difficult to hold during exercise. By containing the resistance within the exoskeleton's structure, users may maintain a secure grip and proper form throughout their workout. This feature may be particularly beneficial for individuals with limited grip strength or those prone to hand injuries.

illustrates a resistance exoskeletonconfigured for a first exercise. For example, the resistance exoskeletonmay be configured for a bicep curl. The resistance exoskeletonlimits the range of resistance away from the point of articulation, reducing the risk of injury or discomfort. The resistance exoskeletonmay help users focus on specific muscle groups without compromising their safety.

The exerciser, sensitive to the problems associated with conventional resistance training and aware of the solutions provided by the resistance exoskeleton, begins by placing the shoulder restagainst her shoulder. She then positions the tricep restagainst her tricep and grabs the curl handlewith an underhand grip. To perform a bicep curl, the exerciser contracts her biceps brachii muscle, causing her forearm to flex and bring her hand towards her torso. As she completes the curl, the exerciser's forearm supinates, rotating the palm upward. Throughout the motion, the components of the resistance exoskeletonhelp to support the motion, while also protecting the user. The shoulder rest, tricep rest, and curl handlework together to keep the resistance exoskeletonin contact with the exerciser's arm throughout the movement, ensuring proper alignment and support.

The resistance exoskeletonpivots to maintain a supported and comfortable alignment with the exerciser's motion, made possible by the low-friction pivot points. The pivot pointsmay be implemented using various mechanical fastening systems that provide low-friction pivoting. Simple bushings made from materials like bronze, brass, or polymers such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or nylon may be used. Bearings, including ball bearings made from chrome steel or stainless steel, needle bearings with cylindrical rollers, or sleeve bearings made from sintered bronze or plastic, are also suitable options. Products like flanged sleeve bearings, thrust bearings, or miniature ball bearings are readily available and may be incorporated into the design.

illustrates another view resistance exoskeletonconfigured for the first exercise. For example, the resistance exoskeletonmay be configured for a bicep curl. The resistance exoskeletonmay prevent injuries associated with handling resistance bands, which may become slippery or difficult to hold during exercise.

The tricep restprotects the exerciser's arm from a resistance band roller. Resistance bandscomprise various forms of resistance, such as springs, belts, elastic bands, or other mechanical systems. Springs may be made from materials like music wire, stainless steel, or titanium, while elastic bands are commonly made from natural rubber, thermoplastic elastomers (TPE), or synthetic rubber. Hydraulic or pneumatic systems designed for lightweight and portable applications may incorporate components made from aluminum, reinforced plastics, or composite materials.

The body of the resistance exoskeleton, which includes the forearm rest, may be formed from a variety of materials. Molded plastics like nylon, Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS), or polycarbonate are suitable options, as well as forged or pressed light metals such as aluminum or titanium. Cast resin and composite materials like carbon fiber may also be used for the body of the resistance exoskeleton. The shoulder rest, support arm, and thumb screwscreate an adjustable system that allows for a variety of exercises, including curls, rows, extensions, lateral raises, and front raises. The support armmay be made from rigid materials like cast metal, aluminum, or high-strength plastics, while the shoulder restis designed to be soft and comfortable. The thumb screwsenable the exerciser to adjust the position of the shoulder restrelative to the support arm, either keeping it fixed or allowing it to change position during the exercise. This adjustability accommodates different exercises and user preferences.

The support armis affixed to the body of the resistance exoskeletonvia the support arm pins. This modular design allows for the use of alternative components to the support arm, making the resistance exoskeletonadjustable and suitable for a variety of exercises. The pins may be made from materials such as stainless steel, aluminum, or high-strength plastics. Various coupling mechanisms, such as snap-fit connectors, bayonet mounts, or threaded fasteners, may be used to affix the support armto the body of the resistance exoskeleton. Strong fixation is essential to withstand the wide range of resistance and motion during exercises.

Foam paddinglines the body of the forearm rest, enhancing comfort for the exerciser. Suitable foam materials for exercise equipment include closed-cell Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA) foam, open-cell polyurethane foam, memory foam, and high-density foam. The foam paddingmay be bonded to the forearm restusing adhesives like contact cement, double-sided tape, or hook-and-loop fasteners, as well as through compression fitting or overmolding techniques.

The quick-release locking pinsmake the curl handlepart of a modular system, allowing it to be swapped out for different handles to accommodate various exercises. For example, the curl handlemay be replaced by a pull rope to challenge the user and encourage the formation of a stronger grip. Other handles may similarly encourage different grips: a neutral grip, wide grip, or close grip, which may be employed for other upper body exercises like rows, shoulder presses, or tricep extensions. This modularity enables the resistance exoskeletonto adapt to the specific needs and preferences of the exerciser. In addition, quick-release locking pinsfurther allow the exerciser to adjust the position of the curl handle, such that exercisers with different-sized arms, hands, or comfort with grip distance may use the resistance exoskeleton. The quick-release locking pinsfurther enable the configuration of a system of embodiments, for the resistance exoskeleton, accommodating a wide range of exercises.

The resistance band rollerkeeps the exerciser protected from the resistance bandby providing a physical barrier and a smooth, low-friction surface for the resistance bandto glide over during the exercise. This separation prevents the resistance bandfrom directly contacting the exerciser's skin, which may cause discomfort, irritation, or even injury, especially if the resistance bandwere to snap or break during use. The resistance band rolleris designed to withstand the tension and movement of the resistance band, ensuring that the exerciser remains safe and protected throughout the workout.

In one embodiment, a channel or grooveformed into the forearm restmay keep the resistance bandseparated from the exerciser while not inhibiting the pivoting function of the low-friction pivot points. The channelmay be deep enough to accommodate the resistance bandand prevent it from slipping out, but shallow enough to allow the forearm restto pivot freely. The channelmay be lined with a low-friction material, such as PTFE or Ultra-High Molecular Weight (UHMW) polyethylene, to minimize wear on the resistance bandand ensure smooth operation.

In another embodiment, a series of small rollers or bearings embedded in the forearm restmay create a low-friction pathway for the resistance bandto follow. These rollers may be positioned in such a way that they do not interfere with the pivoting motion of the Forearm Rest, while still keeping the resistance bandsecurely in place. The rollers may be made from materials like stainless steel, ceramic, or high-strength plastic, depending on the desired level of durability and performance.

In another embodiment, a flexible, low-friction lining or insert within the forearm restmay create a dedicated space for the resistance band. The lining may be made from a material that may withstand the friction and tension of the resistance band, such as a reinforced polymer or a metal alloy with a low-friction coating. The lining may be shaped to allow the forearm restto pivot freely while still keeping the resistance bandcontained and separated from the exerciser.

In another embodiment, a series of small, spring-loaded guides or pins within the forearm restactively keep the resistance bandin place. These guides may apply gentle pressure to the resistance band, preventing it from slipping out of position, while still allowing the forearm restto pivot smoothly. The springs may be made from materials like stainless steel or titanium, and the guides themselves may be made from a wear-resistant material like ceramic or hardened steel.

In another embodiment, a combination of the above mechanisms may be employed, such as a low-friction channel with spring-loaded guides or with small rollers. By combining multiple methods of separating and securing the resistance band, the forearm restmay provide an even greater level of safety and performance, while still allowing for smooth, unrestricted pivoting motion through the low-friction pivot points. The specific combination of mechanisms may depend on factors such as the desired level of adjustability, the expected force and tension of the resistance band, and the overall design and materials of the resistance exoskeleton.

The support arm adjustment pointsoffer a versatile and customizable solution for adapting the resistance exoskeleton to various exercises and user preferences. Similar to the quick-release locking pins, which allow for the attachment of different handles for various exercises, the support arm adjustment pointsenable the exerciser to modify the position and orientation of the support armrelative to the tricep rest. This adjustability is helpful to accommodate different arm lengths, ensuring proper alignment and optimizing comfort during a wide range of movements. The support arm adjustment pointsmay be designed with a series of pre-drilled holes or a sliding track mechanism, allowing the exerciser to select the ideal position for their specific needs. Additionally, the adjustment points may incorporate a locking mechanism, such as a spring-loaded pin or a cam lever, to securely hold the support armin place during use.

Moreover, the support arm adjustment pointsmay be engineered to work in conjunction with the support arm pins, creating a modular and interchangeable system for attaching various The support armdesigns to the resistance exoskeleton. This modularity may enable exercisers to swap out support armswith different lengths, angles, or materials to suit their specific training goals or rehabilitation needs. For example, a longer support armmay be used for exercises that require a greater range of motion, while a shorter support armmay be employed for more targeted, isolated movements. The support arm adjustment pointsand support arm pinsmay be designed with a universal attachment system, such as a threaded connection or a snap-fit mechanism, ensuring compatibility across a wide range of support armoptions. This interchangeable nature of the support arm adjustment pointsand support arm pinsmay greatly enhance the versatility and adaptability of the resistance exoskeleton, making it a valuable tool for a diverse array of users and applications.

illustrates a resistance exoskeletonconfigured for a first exercise. For example, the resistance exoskeletonmay be configured for a bicep curl. The resistance exoskeletonlimits the range of resistance away from the point of articulation, reducing the risk of injury or discomfort. The resistance exoskeletonmay help users focus on specific muscle groups without compromising their safety.

The resistance exoskeletonincludes a forearm rest, a tricep rest, a curl handle, and a shoulder rest. The shoulder rest, the tricep rest, and the curl handlework together to keep the resistance exoskeletonin contact with the exerciser's arm throughout the movement, ensuring proper alignment and support. The shoulder restmay be coupled to the tricep restby a support arm. The shoulder rest, support arm, and thumb screwscreate an adjustable system that allows for a variety of exercises, including curls, rows, extensions, lateral raises, and front raises. The thumb screwsenable the exerciser to adjust the position of the shoulder restrelative to the support arm, either keeping it fixed or allowing it to change position during the exercise. This adjustability accommodates different exercises and user preferences.

The support armis affixed to the body of the resistance exoskeletonvia the support arm pins. This modular design allows for the use of alternative components to the support arm, making the resistance exoskeletonadjustable and suitable for a variety of exercises. The pins may be made from materials such as stainless steel, aluminum, or high-strength plastics. Various coupling mechanisms, such as snap-fit connectors, bayonet mounts, or threaded fasteners, may be used to affix the support armto the body of the resistance exoskeleton. Strong fixation is essential to withstand the wide range of resistance and motion during exercises.

The body of the resistance exoskeleton, which includes the forearm rest, may be formed from a variety of materials. Molded plastics like nylon, ABS, or polycarbonate are suitable options, as well as forged or pressed light metals such as aluminum or titanium. Cast resin and composite materials like carbon fiber may also be used for the body of the resistance exoskeleton. The support armmay be made from rigid materials like cast metal, aluminum, or high-strength plastics, while the shoulder restis designed to be soft and comfortable.

The resistance exoskeletonpivots to maintain a supported and comfortable alignment with the exerciser's motion, made possible by the low-friction pivot points. The pivot pointsmay be implemented using various mechanical fastening systems that provide low-friction pivoting. Simple bushings made from materials like bronze, brass, or polymers such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or nylon may be used. Bearings, including ball bearings made from chrome steel or stainless steel, needle bearings with cylindrical rollers, or sleeve bearings made from sintered bronze or plastic, are also suitable options. Products like flanged sleeve bearings, thrust bearings, or miniature ball bearings are readily available and may be incorporated into the design.

In embodiments, foam padding may be coupled to one or more components of the resistance exoskeletonthat may contact a user's body, enhancing comfort for the exerciser. Suitable foam materials for exercise equipment include closed-cell EVA foam, open-cell polyurethane foam, memory foam, and high-density foam. The foam padding may be bonded to components of the resistance exoskeletonwith adhesives like contact cement, double-sided tape, or hook-and-loop fasteners, as well as through compression fitting or overmolding techniques.

illustrates another view resistance exoskeletonconfigured for the first exercise. For example, the resistance exoskeletonmay be configured for a bicep curl. The resistance exoskeletonmay prevent injuries associated with handling resistance bands, which may become slippery or difficult to hold during exercise.

The curl handlemay be coupled to the forearm restby an adjustment mechanism. The adjustment mechanismincludes a bracketand a locking pin. The bracketis slidably coupled to groovesformed in the forearm rest. The forearm restalso includes a positioning channel. The positioning channelincludes a series of preformed locations at which the locking pincan be engaged. As such, the locking pincan be actuated to move the curl handlerelative to the forearm rest. Additionally, the locking pincan be actuated to remove the curl handlefrom the forearm rest. The adjustment mechanismmakes the curl handlepart of a modular system, allowing it to be swapped out for different handles to accommodate various exercises. For example, the curl handlemay be replaced by a pull rope to challenge the user and encourage the formation of a stronger grip. Other handles may similarly encourage different grips: a neutral grip, wide grip, or close grip, which may be employed for other upper body exercises like rows, shoulder presses, or tricep extensions. This modularity enables the resistance exoskeletonto adapt to the specific needs and preferences of the exerciser. In addition, the adjustment mechanismfurther allows the exerciser to adjust the position of the curl handle, such that exercisers with different-sized arms, hands, or comfort with grip distance may use the resistance exoskeleton. The adjustment mechanismfurther enables the configuration of a system of embodiments for the resistance exoskeleton, accommodating a wide range of exercises.

Resistance bandmay be coupled to the arm forearm restat L-shaped grooves, and coupled to the tricep restat L-shaped grooves. The resistance bandis held in the L-shaped groovesand the L-shaped groovesby the tension provided by the resistance band. The resistance bandmay be positioned with a channel or grooveformed into the forearm restand tricep rest. The channelmay keep the resistance bandseparated from the exerciser while not inhibiting the pivoting function of the low-friction pivot points. The channelmay be deep enough to accommodate the resistance bandand prevent it from slipping out, but shallow enough to allow the forearm restto pivot freely. The channelmay be lined with a low-friction material, such as PTFE or UHMW polyethylene, to minimize wear on the resistance bandand ensure smooth operation.

In some embodiments, the resistance bandmay include various forms of resistance, such as springs, belts, elastic bands, or other mechanical systems. Springs may be made from materials like music wire, stainless steel, or titanium, while elastic bands are commonly made from natural rubber, TPE, or synthetic rubber. Hydraulic or pneumatic systems designed for lightweight and portable applications may incorporate components made from aluminum, reinforced plastics, or composite materials.

In another embodiment, a series of small rollers or bearings embedded in the forearm restmay create a low-friction pathway for the resistance bandto follow. These rollers may be positioned in such a way that they do not interfere with the pivoting motion of the forearm rest, while still keeping the resistance bandsecurely in place. The rollers may be made from materials like stainless steel, ceramic, or high-strength plastic, depending on the desired level of durability and performance.

In another embodiment, a flexible, low-friction lining or insert within the forearm restmay create a dedicated space for the resistance band. The lining may be made from a material that may withstand the friction and tension of the resistance band, such as a reinforced polymer or a metal alloy with a low-friction coating. The lining may be shaped to allow the forearm restto pivot freely while still keeping the resistance bandcontained and separated from the exerciser.

In another embodiment, a series of small, spring-loaded guides or pins within the forearm restactively keep the resistance bandin place. These guides may apply gentle pressure to the resistance band, preventing it from slipping out of position, while still allowing the forearm restto pivot smoothly. The springs may be made from materials like stainless steel or titanium, and the guides themselves may be made from a wear-resistant material like ceramic or hardened steel.

In another embodiment, a combination of the above mechanisms may be employed, such as a low-friction channel with spring-loaded guides or with small rollers. By combining multiple methods of separating and securing the resistance band, the forearm restmay provide an even greater level of safety and performance, while still allowing for smooth, unrestricted pivoting motion through the low-friction pivot points. The specific combination of mechanisms may depend on factors such as the desired level of adjustability, the expected force and tension of the resistance band, and the overall design and materials of the resistance exoskeleton.

In some embodiments, the resistance exoskeletonmay include support arm adjustment points as described above with reference to resistance exoskeletonto allow attachment of different handles. This adjustability is helpful to accommodate different arm lengths, ensuring proper alignment and optimizing comfort during a wide range of movements. The support arm adjustment points may be designed with a series of pre-drilled holes or a sliding track mechanism, allowing the exerciser to select the ideal position for their specific needs. Additionally, the adjustment points may incorporate a locking mechanism, such as a spring-loaded pin or a cam lever, to securely hold the support armin place during use. The support arm adjustment points may be engineered to work in conjunction with the support arm pins, creating a modular and interchangeable system for attaching various components. This modularity may enable exercisers to swap out support armswith different lengths, angles, or materials to suit their specific training goals or rehabilitation needs. For example, a longer support armmay be used for exercises that require a greater range of motion, while a shorter support armmay be employed for more targeted, isolated movements. The support arm adjustment points and support arm pinsmay be designed with a universal attachment system, such as a threaded connection or a snap-fit mechanism, ensuring compatibility across a wide range of support armoptions. This interchangeable nature of the support arm adjustment points and support arm pinsmay greatly enhance the versatility and adaptability of the resistance exoskeleton, making it a valuable tool for a diverse array of users and applications.

illustrates another resistance exoskeletonconfigured for a fly exercise, according to an embodiment. The resistance exoskeletonlimits the range of resistance away from the point of articulation, reducing the risk of injury or discomfort. The resistance exoskeletonmay help users focus on specific muscle groups without compromising their safety.

The exerciser, seeking to target their chest muscles, particularly the pectoralis major, grips the fly handleand the alternate fly handle, which are mounted on opposite sides of the resistance exoskeleton body. To perform a pectoral fly, the exerciser starts with their arms extended out to the sides, holding the handles, and then brings their arms together in front of their chest, contracting the pectoral muscles. The resistance is provided by the resistance band, which is secured to the resistance exoskeleton bodyusing the quick-release locking pins.

The fly armprovides the necessary distance between the handles and the resistance exoskeleton body, allowing for a full range of motion during the fly exercise. The fly armis securely attached to the resistance exoskeleton bodyusing the support arm pins, ensuring stability and safety during use. The low-friction pivot pointsenable smooth rotation of the fly armduring the exercise, minimizing any unnecessary strain on the exerciser's joints.

The resistance band rolleracts as a pivot point for the resistance band, helping to reduce friction and wear on the band during the fly motion. This feature ensures that the resistance remains consistent and smooth throughout the exercise, allowing the exerciser to focus on proper form and muscle engagement. The resistance banditself is a high-strength rubber band with built-in hooks on each end, making it easy to swap out for different resistance levels depending on the exerciser's preference and fitness level.

By gripping the fly handleand the alternate fly handle, the exerciser may use the resistance exoskeletonto effectively target their chest muscles without the need to wear the device on their arm. This versatility allows for a more diverse range of exercises and makes the resistance exoskeletonaccessible to a wider group of users, including those who may have limitations that prevent them from wearing the device in the traditional manner. The modular nature of the resistance exoskeleton, with its interchangeable handles and adjustable resistance, ensures that it may be easily adapted to suit various exercises and user preferences, making it a valuable tool for both strength training and rehabilitation purposes.

The modular design of the resistance exoskeletons,, andenables them to be used for a wide range of exercises, both as an exoskeleton device and as a standalone resistance training tool. The quick-release locking pins/, adjustment mechanism, and the support arm pins//allow for easy attachment and removal of various components, such as the curl fandlefor bicep curls or the fly handleand alternate fly handlefor fly exercises. This modularity ensures that the resistance exoskeletons,, andmay be quickly adapted to target different muscle groups and accommodate various exercise preferences. By offering both exoskeleton and non-exoskeleton applications, the resistance exoskeletons,, andprovide a comprehensive and versatile solution for strength training and rehabilitation, catering to the diverse needs of exercisers and fitness enthusiasts alike.

illustrates the resistance exoskeletonconfigured for a hammer curl exercise, highlighting its versatility in targeting different muscle groups and accommodating various joint movements. The resistance exoskeletonlimits the range of resistance away from the point of articulation, reducing the risk of injury or discomfort. The resistance exoskeletonmay help users focus on specific muscle groups without compromising their safety.

The exerciser, equipped with the resistance exoskeleton, begins by placing the shoulder reston top of their shoulder, ensuring a comfortable and secure fit. The tricep rest, designed specifically for hammer curls, is then positioned against the outer side of the exerciser's tricep, while the hammer curl forearm restrests against the narrow side of the forearm.

To perform a hammer curl, the exerciser grasps the hammer curl handle, which is mounted to the hammer curl forearm rest, using a neutral grip with their palm facing inward. The exerciser then contracts their biceps brachii andmuscles, causing their forearm to flex and bring their hand towards their shoulder. Throughout the movement, the shoulder rest, hammer curl tricep rest, and hammer curl handlework in unison to maintain proper alignment and support, ensuring that the resistance exoskeletonremains in constant contact with the exerciser's arm.