Exposing Network Key Performance Indicators to External Clients via Application Programming Interfaces

The present disclosure relates generally to communications networks and relates more particularly to devices, non-transitory computer-readable media, and methods for exposing network key performance indicators to external clients via application programming interfaces.

Internet service providers (ISPs) are constantly monitoring network performance to ensure that the quality of service experienced by customers meets a promised or expected quality of service. Many existing methods of monitoring network service rely on the measurement of one or more network metrics, such as bandwidth usage, latency, packet loss, jitter, or the like. These network metrics are often referred to as “key performance indicators” or “KPIs.”

In one example, the present disclosure describes a device, computer-readable medium, and method for exposing network key performance indicators to external clients via application programming interfaces. For instance, in one example, a method performed by a processing system including at least one processor includes calculating a first set of key performance indicators for a communications network based on data acquired from at least one source that is accessible to an operator of the communications network and publishing at least the first set of key performance indicators via an application programming interface that enables the operator of the communications network to share data with an external client of the communications network.

In another example, a non-transitory computer-readable medium stores instructions which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform operations. The operations include calculating a first set of key performance indicators for a communications network based on data acquired from at least one source that is accessible to an operator of the communications network and publishing at least the first set of key performance indicators via an application programming interface that enables the operator of the communications network to share data with an external client of the communications network.

In another example, a device includes a processor and a computer-readable medium storing instructions which, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to perform operations. The operations include calculating a first set of key performance indicators for a communications network based on data acquired from at least one source that is accessible to an operator of the communications network and publishing at least the first set of key performance indicators via an application programming interface that enables the operator of the communications network to share data with an external client of the communications network.

To facilitate understanding, identical reference numerals have been used, where possible, to designate identical elements that are common to the figures.

In one example, the present disclosure exposes network key performance indicators to external clients via application programming interfaces. As discussed above, Internet service providers (ISPs) are constantly monitoring network performance to ensure that the quality of service experienced by customers meets a promised or expected quality of service. Many existing methods of monitoring network service rely on the measurement of one or more network metrics, such as bandwidth usage, latency, packet loss, jitter, or the like. These network metrics are often referred to as “key performance indicators” or “KPIs.”

ISPs may collect KPIs from a plurality of different sources, including flow cytometry analysis programs, event data records (EDRs) from long term evolution (LTE) networks, Fifth Generation (5G) standalone networks, and 5G non-standalone networks, speed test platforms, and other sources. Access to diverse data sources provides ISPs with a rich data set, including network measurement data collected from real users and real activities across a vast geographic area. This rich data set provides insights that can help ISPs to improve the quality of service experienced by customers.

On the other hand, external clients that rely on network connectivity, such as application developers, manufacturers of autonomous vehicles and Internet of Things devices, extended reality (e.g., augmented reality, virtual reality, and the like) application systems, and the like, typically do not have access to such a rich set of connectivity data. These external clients may have their own methods of measuring network performance (e.g., ping, speed test, or the like), but these methods tend not to be as accurate as the ISPs' methods due to the more limited data that is available for analysis.

Examples of the present disclosure provide application programming interfaces (APIs) via which an ISP may expose KPIs computed by the ISP to external clients who provide applications and services that rely on network connectivity. The external clients may use these KPIs computed by the ISP to improve the functioning of the applications and services. In further examples, the APIs may convert network performance metrics computed by the external clients into KPIs, which may enable the external clients to assess the performance of their applications and services in the ISP's network more accurately. For instance, metrics computed on the basis of application or service initiated pings or speed tests may be converted into measures of RAN throughput or latency.

1 3 FIGS.- Although examples of the present disclosure are discussed within the context of providing KPIs and related data to external clients of a communications network operator, it will be appreciated that the same techniques may also be used to provide KPI data to internal clients of the operator (e.g., network engineers, administrators, operations, and the like), who may have to consult many different data sources in order to obtain different statistics and analytics. These and other aspects of the present disclosure are discussed in greater detail in connection with, below.

1 FIG. 100 100 101 101 110 140 150 100 180 101 illustrates an example network, or system,in which examples of the present disclosure may operate. In one example, the systemincludes a communication service provider network. The communication service provider networkmay comprise a cellular network(e.g., a 5G network, a 4G/Long Term Evolution (LTE)/5G hybrid network, or the like), a service network, and an IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) network. The systemmay further include other networksconnected to the communication service provider network.

110 120 130 120 120 121 122 126 126 121 122 126 In one example, the cellular networkcomprises an access networkand a cellular core network. In one example, the access networkcomprises a radio access network (RAN), such as a cloud RAN, a distributed RAN (D-RAN), a centralized RAN (C-RAN), a virtualized RAN (V-RAN), or an open RAN (O-RAN). For instance, a cloud RAN is part of the 3GPP 5G specifications for mobile networks. As part of the migration of cellular networks towards 5G, a cloud RAN may be coupled to an Evolved Packet Core (EPC) network until new cellular core networks are deployed in accordance with 5G specifications. In one example, access networkmay include cell sitesandand a baseband unit (BBU) pool. In a cloud RAN, radio frequency (RF) components, referred to as remote radio heads (RRHs) or radio units (RUs), may be deployed remotely from baseband units, e.g., atop cell site masts, buildings, and so forth. In one example, the BBU poolmay be located at distances as far as 20-80 kilometers or more away from the antennas/remote radio heads of cell sitesandthat are serviced by the BBU pool. It should also be noted in accordance with efforts to migrate to 5G networks, cell sites may be deployed with new antenna and radio infrastructures such as MIMO antennas, and millimeter wave antennas.

123 123 121 122 121 122 126 Although cloud RAN infrastructure may include distributed RRHs and centralized baseband units, a heterogeneous network may include cell sites where RRH and BBU components remain co-located at the cell site. For instance, cell sitemay include RRH and BBU components. Thus, cell sitemay comprise a self-contained “base station.” With regard to cell sitesand, the “base stations” may comprise RRHs at cell sitesandcoupled with respective baseband units of BBU pool.

121 123 121 123 126 300 3 FIG. In accordance with the present disclosure, any one or more of cell sites-may be deployed with antenna and radio infrastructures, including MIMO and millimeter wave antennas. Furthermore, in accordance with the present disclosure, a base station (e.g., cell sites-and/or baseband units within BBU pool) may comprise all or a portion of a computing system, such as computing systemas depicted in, and may be configured to perform steps, functions, and/or operations in connection with examples of the present disclosure for exposing network key performance indicators to external clients via application programming interfaces.

120 120 124 120 123 130 120 In one example, access networkmay include both 4G/LTE and 5G/NR radio access network infrastructure. For example, access networkmay include cell site, which may comprise 4G/LTE base station equipment, e.g., an eNodeB. In addition, access networkmay include cell sites comprising both 4G and 5G base station equipment, e.g., respective antennas, feed networks, baseband equipment, and so forth. For instance, cell sitemay include both 4G and 5G base station equipment and corresponding connections to 4G and 5G components in cellular core network. Although access networkis illustrated as including both 4G and 5G components, in another example, 4G and 5G components may be considered to be contained within different access networks. Nevertheless, such different access networks may have a same wireless coverage area, or fully or partially overlapping coverage areas.

130 130 121 122 120 130 126 In one example, the cellular core networkprovides various functions that support wireless services in the LTE environment. In one example, cellular core networkis an Internet Protocol (IP) packet core network that supports both real-time and non-real-time service delivery across a LTE network, e.g., as specified by the 3GPP standards. In one example, cell sitesandin the access networkare in communication with the cellular core networkvia baseband units in BBU pool.

130 131 132 110 131 121 123 131 132 In cellular core network, network nodes such as Mobility Management Entity (MME)and Serving Gateway (SGW)support various functions as part of the cellular network. For example, MMEis the control node for LTE access network components, e.g., eNodeB aspects of cell sites-. In one embodiment, MMEis responsible for UE (User Equipment) tracking and paging (e.g., such as retransmissions), bearer activation and deactivation process, selection of the SGW, and authentication of a user. In one embodiment, SGWroutes and forwards user data packets, while also acting as the mobility anchor for the user plane during inter-cell handovers and as an anchor for mobility between 5G, LTE and other wireless technologies, such as 2G and 3G wireless networks.

130 133 130 134 130 140 150 180 In addition, cellular core networkmay comprise a Home Subscriber Server (HSS)that contains subscription-related information (e.g., subscriber profiles), performs authentication and authorization of a wireless service user, and provides information about the subscriber's location. The cellular core networkmay also comprise a packet data network (PDN) gateway (PGW)which serves as a gateway that provides access between the cellular core networkand various packet data networks (PDNs), e.g., service network, IMS network, other network(s), and the like.

130 130 130 135 136 137 138 139 1 FIG. The foregoing describes long term evolution (LTE) cellular core network components (e.g., EPC components). In accordance with the present disclosure, cellular core networkmay further include other types of wireless network components e.g., 5G network components, 3G network components, etc. Thus, cellular core networkmay comprise an integrated network, e.g., including any two or more of 2G-5G infrastructures and technologies (or any future infrastructures and technologies to be deployed, e.g., 6G), and the like. For example, as illustrated in, cellular core networkfurther comprises 5G components, including: an access and mobility management function (AMF), a network slice selection function (NSSF), a session management function (SMF), a unified data management function (UDM), and a user plane function (UPF).

135 131 136 135 136 136 135 135 135 In one example, AMFmay perform registration management, connection management, endpoint device reachability management, mobility management, access authentication and authorization, security anchoring, security context management, coordination with non-5G components, e.g., MME, and so forth. NSSFmay select a network slice or network slices to serve an endpoint device, or may indicate one or more network slices that are permitted to be selected to serve an endpoint device. For instance, in one example, AMFmay query NSSFfor one or more network slices in response to a request from an endpoint device to establish a session to communicate with a PDN. The NSSFmay provide the selection to AMF, or may provide one or more permitted network slices to AMF, where AMFmay select the network slice from among the choices. A network slice may comprise a set of cellular network components, such as AMF(s), SMF(s), UPF(s), and so forth that may be arranged into different network slices which may logically be considered to be separate cellular networks. In one example, different network slices may be preferentially utilized for different types of services. For instance, a first network slice may be utilized for sensor data communications, Internet of Things (IoT), and machine-type communication (MTC), a second network slice may be used for streaming video services, a third network slice may be utilized for voice calling, a fourth network slice may be used for gaming services, and so forth.

137 138 138 133 138 133 138 133 138 133 1 FIG. In one example, SMFmay perform endpoint device IP address management, UPF selection, UPF configuration for endpoint device traffic routing to an external packet data network (PDN), charging data collection, quality of service (QoS) enforcement, and so forth. UDMmay perform user identification, credential processing, access authorization, registration management, mobility management, subscription management, and so forth. As illustrated in, UDMmay be tightly coupled to HSS. For instance, UDMand HSSmay be co-located on a single host device, or may share a same processing system comprising one or more host devices. In one example, UDMand HSSmay comprise interfaces for accessing the same or substantially similar information stored in a database on a same shared device or one or more different devices, such as subscription information, endpoint device capability information, endpoint device location information, and so forth. For instance, in one example, UDMand HSSmay both access subscription information or the like that is stored in a unified data repository (UDR) (not shown).

139 139 139 134 UPFmay provide an interconnection point to one or more external packet data networks (PDN(s)) and perform packet routing and forwarding, QoS enforcement, traffic shaping, packet inspection, and so forth. In one example, UPFmay also comprise a mobility anchor point for 4G-to-5G and 5G-to-4G session transfers. In this regard, it should be noted that UPFand PGWmay provide the same or substantially similar functions, and in one example, may comprise the same device, or may share a same processing system comprising one or more host devices.

130 135 131 135 131 1 FIG. 1 FIG. It should be noted that other examples may comprise a cellular network with a “non-stand alone” (NSA) mode architecture where 5G radio access network components, such as a “new radio” (NR), “gNodeB” (or “gNB”), and so forth are supported by a 4G/LTE core network (e.g., an EPC network), or a 5G “standalone” (SA) mode point-to-point or service-based architecture where components and functions of an EPC network are replaced by a 5G core network (e.g., a “5GC”). For instance, in non-standalone (NSA) mode architecture, LTE radio equipment may continue to be used for cell signaling and management communications, while user data may rely upon a 5G new radio (NR), including millimeter wave communications, for example. However, examples of the present disclosure may also relate to a hybrid, or integrated 4G/LTE-5G cellular core network such as cellular core networkillustrated in. In this regard,illustrates a connection between AMFand MME, e.g., an “N26” interface which may convey signaling between AMFand MMErelating to endpoint device tracking as endpoint devices are served via 4G or 5G components, respectively, signaling relating to handovers between 4G and 5G components, and so forth.

140 101 140 101 180 180 180 180 140 180 150 130 In one example, service networkmay comprise one or more devices for providing services to subscribers, customers, and/or users. For example, communication service provider networkmay provide a cloud storage service, web server hosting, and other services. As such, service networkmay represent aspects of communication service provider networkwhere infrastructure for supporting such services may be deployed. In one example, other networksmay represent one or more enterprise networks, a circuit switched network (e.g., a public switched telephone network (PSTN)), a cable network, a digital subscriber line (DSL) network, a metropolitan area network (MAN), an Internet service provider (ISP) network, and the like. In one example, the other networksmay include different types of networks. In another example, the other networksmay be the same type of network. In one example, the other networksmay represent the Internet in general. In this regard, it should be noted that any one or more of service network, other networks, or IMS networkmay comprise a packet data network (PDN) to which an endpoint device may establish a connection via cellular core networkin accordance with the present disclosure.

130 131 132 135 136 137 138 139 130 130 131 132 121 124 134 135 136 137 138 139 100 1 FIG. In one example, any one or more of the components of cellular core networkmay comprise network function virtualization infrastructure (NFVI), e.g., SDN host devices (i.e., physical devices) configured to operate as various virtual network functions (VNFs), such as a virtual MME (vMME), a virtual HHS (vHSS), a virtual serving gateway (vSGW), a virtual packet data network gateway (vPGW), and so forth. For instance, MMEmay comprise a vMME, SGWmay comprise a vSGW, and so forth. Similarly, AMF, NSSF, SMF, UDM, and/or UPFmay also comprise NFVI configured to operate as VNFs. In addition, when comprised of various NFVI, the cellular core networkmay be expanded (or contracted) to include more or less components than the state of cellular core networkthat is illustrated in. It should be noted that intermediate devices and links between MME, SGW, cell sites-, PGW, AMF, NSSF, SMF, UDM, and/or UPF, and other components of systemare also omitted for clarity, such as additional routers, switches, gateways, and the like.

1 FIG. 104 106 104 106 104 106 104 106 also illustrates various endpoint devices, e.g., user equipment (UE)and. Each of the UEsandmay comprise a cellular telephone, a smartphone, a tablet computing device, a laptop computer, a pair of computing glasses, a wireless enabled wristwatch, a wireless transceiver for a fixed wireless broadband (FWB) deployment, an item of customer premises equipment, or any other cellular-capable mobile telephony and computing device (broadly, “an endpoint device”). For instance, each of the UEsandmay include one or more radio frequency (RF) transceivers for cellular communications and/or for non-cellular wireless communications. In one example, each of the UEsandmay be equipped with one or more directional antennas, or antenna arrays (e.g., having a half-power azimuthal beamwidth of 120 degrees or less, 90 degrees or less, 60 degrees or less, etc.), e.g., MIMO antenna(s) to receive and/or to transmit multi-path and/or spatial diversity signals.

104 106 300 3 FIG. 3 FIG. In one example, each of the UEsandmay comprise all or a portion of a computing system, such as computing systemdepicted in, and may be configured to perform steps, functions, and/or operations in connection with examples of the present disclosure for exposing network key performance indicators to external clients via application programming interfaces. In this regard, it should be noted that as used herein, the terms “configure,” and “reconfigure” may refer to programming or loading a processing system with computer-readable/computer-executable instructions, code, and/or programs, e.g., in a distributed or non-distributed memory, which when executed by a processor, or processors, of the processing system within a same device or within distributed devices, may cause the processing system to perform various functions. Such terms may also encompass providing variables, data values, tables, objects, or other data structures or the like which may cause a processing system executing computer-readable instructions, code, and/or programs to function differently depending upon the values of the variables or other data structures that are provided. As referred to herein a “processing system” may comprise a computing device including one or more processors, or cores (e.g., as illustrated inand discussed below) or multiple computing devices collectively configured to perform various steps, functions, and/or operations in accordance with the present disclosure.

1 FIG. 104 121 121 106 121 124 120 106 130 121 122 121 122 126 106 130 122 122 126 124 106 121 122 106 110 122 124 As illustrated in, UEmay access wireless services via the cell site(e.g., NR alone, where cell sitecomprises a gNB), while UEmay access wireless services via any of the cell sites-located in the access network(e.g., for NR non-dual connectivity, for LTE non-dual connectivity, for NR-NR DC, for LTE-LTE DC, for EN-DC, and/or for NE-DC). For instance, in one example, UEmay establish and maintain connections to the cellular core networkvia one or multiple gNBs (e.g., cell sitesandand/or cell sitesandin conjunction with BBU pooland/or various other components, such as a CU and/or a DU). In another example, UEmay establish and maintain connections to the cellular core networkvia a gNB (e.g., cell siteand/or cell sitein conjunction with BBU pool) and an eNodeB (e.g., cell site), respectively. In addition, either the gNB or the eNodeB may comprise a PCell, and the other may comprise a SCell for carrier aggregation and/or dual connectivity. Similarly, UEmay communicate with any of the cell sitesandusing carrier aggregation (CA) (e.g., in accordance with a CA technique). Furthermore, either or both of NR/5G and or EPC (4G/LTE) core network components may manage the communications between UEand the cellular networkvia cell siteand cell site.

130 195 300 130 197 195 3 FIG. In one example, the cellular core networkmay further include an application server (AS), which may comprise a computing system or server, such as computing systemdepicted in, and may be configured to provide one or more operations or functions in connection with examples of the present disclosure for exposing network key performance indicators to external clients via application programming interfaces. The cellular core networkmay also include a database (DB)that is communicatively coupled to the AS.

195 300 3 FIG. 3 FIG. The ASmay comprise one or more physical devices, e.g., one or more computing systems or servers, such as computing systemdepicted in, and may be configured as described below. It should be noted that as used herein, the terms “configure,” and “reconfigure” may refer to programming or loading a processing system with computer-readable/computer-executable instructions, code, and/or programs, e.g., in a distributed or non-distributed memory, which when executed by a processor, or processors, of the processing system within a same device or within distributed devices, may cause the processing system to perform various functions. Such terms may also encompass providing variables, data values, tables, objects, or other data structures or the like which may cause a processing system executing computer-readable instructions, code, and/or programs to function differently depending upon the values of the variables or other data structures that are provided. As referred to herein a “processing system” may comprise a computing device including one or more processors, or cores (e.g., as illustrated inand discussed below) or multiple computing devices collectively configured to perform various steps, functions, and/or operations in accordance with the present disclosure.

195 101 101 101 195 104 106 104 106 121 124 In one example, the ASmay be configured to estimate KPIs for one or more segments of the communication service provider networkand to publish those KPIs, via a stack of APIs, to various external clients of the communication service provider network. In one example, the KPIs may be estimated with varying granularity, which may be dictated by the operator of the communication service provider networkor by the external clients. For instance, the ASmay estimate KPIs per UEor, per application executing on UEsand, per cell site-, for the access network as a whole per period of time (e.g., per hour, per two hours, etc.), or according to any other granularities.

195 The stack of APIs may allow the ASto customize the KPIs that are presented to different external clients. For instance, all external clients may be assigned different credentials via which to access an API gateway. Via the API gateway, each external client may manage the KPIs that they wish to view, and the granularity with which they wish for the KPIs to be estimated. The type and granularity of the KPIs may be managed through configuration of settings in the API gateway or through selection of search criteria via a search function of the API gateway.

195 195 The KPIs may be estimated based on analytics from various sources, such as flow cytometry analysis programs, event data records from an LTE network, event data records from a 5G standalone network or 5G non-standalone network, speed test platforms, and/or other sources. In a further example, the KPIs may include KPIs that are estimated by mapping network performance metrics computed by the external clients into more “standardized” KPIs. For instance, the ASmay convert speed test data for a specific application and location into more general uplink and/or downlink throughput measures. In one example, the ASmay use machine learning to learn correlations or mappings between external client measured performance metrics and KPIs.

197 195 197 101 195 The DBmay store analytics from various sources, such as flow cytometry analysis programs, event data records from an LTE network, event data records from a 5G standalone network or 5G non-standalone network, speed test platforms, and/or other sources, which may be used by the ASto estimate KPIs. The DBmay also preferences for various external clients of the communication service provider network, where the preferences may guide the ASto filter the KPIs that are presented to various external clients according to type, granularity, and/or other criteria. For instance, the set of KPIs presented to one external client may not be the same as the set of KPIs presented to another external client. Different external clients may have different preferences relating to the types of KPI data they wish to receive, based on the different needs of the external clients. For instance, the types and/or granularity of KPIs that are useful to a manufacturer of autonomous vehicles may be different from the types and/or granularity of KPIs that are useful to a developer of a streaming video application.

197 195 195 195 2 FIG. In one example, the DBmay comprise a physical storage device integrated with the AS(e.g., a database server or a file server), or attached or coupled to the AS, in accordance with the present disclosure. In one example, the ASmay load instructions into a memory, or one or more distributed memory units, and execute the instructions for exposing network key performance indicators to external clients via application programming interfaces, as described herein. An example method for exposing network key performance indicators to external clients via application programming interfaces is described in greater detail below in connection with.

130 195 197 130 In one example, the cellular core networkmay include multiple instances of the ASand DBdistributed throughout the cellular core network, where the multiple instances each store identical data for the purposes of redundancy.

100 100 100 100 100 100 The foregoing description of the systemis provided as an illustrative example only. In other words, the example of systemis merely illustrative of one network configuration that is suitable for implementing examples of the present disclosure. As such, other logical and/or physical arrangements for the systemmay be implemented in accordance with the present disclosure. For example, the systemmay be expanded to include additional networks, such as network operations center (NOC) networks, additional access networks, and so forth. The systemmay also be expanded to include additional network elements such as border elements, routers, switches, policy servers, security devices, gateways, a content distribution network (CDN) and the like, without altering the scope of the present disclosure. In addition, systemmay be altered to omit various elements, substitute elements for devices that perform the same or similar functions, combine elements that are illustrated as separate devices, and/or implement network elements as functions that are spread across several devices that operate collectively as the respective network elements.

130 130 100 150 136 135 130 121 124 123 135 131 132 For instance, in one example, the cellular core networkmay further include a Diameter routing agent (DRA) which may be engaged in the proper routing of messages between other elements within cellular core network, and with other components of the system, such as a call session control function (CSCF) (not shown) in IMS network. In another example, the NSSFmay be integrated within the AMF. In addition, cellular core networkmay also include additional 5G NG core components, such as: a policy control function (PCF), an authentication server function (AUSF), a network repository function (NRF), and other application functions (AFs). In one example, any one or more of the cell sites-may comprise 2G, 3G, 4G and/or LTE radios, e.g., in addition to 5G new radio (NR), or gNB functionality, or any future cellular technology, e.g., 6G and so on. For instance, cell siteis illustrated as being in communication with AMFin addition to MMEand SGW. Thus, these and other modifications are all contemplated within the scope of the present disclosure.

2 FIG. 1 FIG. 3 FIG. 200 200 195 200 302 300 200 To further aid in understanding the present disclosure,illustrates a flowchart of an example methodfor exposing network key performance indicators to external clients via application programming interfaces, in accordance with the present disclosure. In one example, the methodmay be performed by an application server that is configured to calculate key performance indicators and to convert performance metrics computed by external clients into key performance indicators such as the ASillustrated in. However, in other examples, the methodmay be performed by another device, such as the processorof the systemillustrated in. For the sake of example, the methodis described as being performed by a processing system.

200 202 204 The methodbegins in step. In step, the processing system may calculate a first set of key performance indicators for a communications network based on data acquired from at least one source that is accessible to an operator of the communications network. In one example, the communications network may comprise at least one of: an Internet service provider network, a telecommunications service provider core network, or a cellular access network (e.g., a 5G network or beyond 5G network, an LTE network, or the like). In a further example, however, the communications network may be another type of communications network. The first set of key performance metrics may be calculated for one or more specific segments of the communications network. For instance the first set of key performance metrics may be calculated end-to-end, within the RAN, or for other segments of the communications network.

In one example, the first set of key performance indicators may comprise one or more metrics that are internally measured and calculated by the operator of the communications network in order to ensure that the performance of the communications network is meeting customer expectations. For instance, the first set of key performance indicators may include at least one of: bandwidth usage, latency, packet loss, jitter, uplink throughput, downlink throughput, or another KPI.

In one example, the first set of key performance indicators may be calculated based on data from at least one source that is accessible to the operator of the communications network, but may not be accessible to an external client of the communications network (where an external client of the communications network may be an application developer, a manufacturer of autonomous vehicles or Internet of Things devices, an extended reality application system, or the like). The at least one source may include at least one of: a flow cytometry analysis program, an event data record from an LTE network, an event data record from a 5G standalone network or 5G non-standalone network, a speed test platform, or another source.

In one example, the first set of key performance indicators may be calculated with a granularity that is selected by an external client of the communications network. For instance, the first set of key performance indicators may be calculated per cell of the communications network, per application running in the communications network, per hour (e.g., as an aggregate over all network traffic traversing the communications network over the hour), per user of the communications network, per market of the communications network (where the market may correspond to a geographic area served by the communications network, a customer subset served by the communications network, or the like), or according to another granularity. In another example, the operator of the communications network may specify the granularity with which the first set of key performance indicators is calculated. The operator may also elect to compute the first set of key performance indicators according to more than one granularity.

206 In optional step(illustrated in phantom), the processing system may acquire a set of performance metrics for the communications network that were calculated by an external client of the communications network. As discussed above, external clients of communications networks may compute and monitor their own measures of network performance, independent of the KPIs calculated by the operators of the communications networks. For instance, an autonomous car manufacturer may collect speed test data for a particular geographic location (e.g., within a town, a city, etc.). However, this speed test data may provide a limited view of network performance that is pertinent to only one application. In other words, the speed test data observed by the autonomous car manufacturer may not apply for other applications such as streaming media, web browsing, gaming, or the like. Moreover, the autonomous car manufacturer may have no way of translating the results of the speed test into more broadly applicable measures of network performance (such as throughput, latency, packet loss, jitter, or the like). Other network performance metrics that may be calculated by an external client may include at least one of: latency of an application (e.g., an application executing on a user endpoint device), device (e.g., user endpoint device), or customer (e.g., customer of the external client, which may be an individual, an enterprise, or the like); downlink throughput of an application, device, or customer; uplink throughput of an application, device, or customer; or packet loss of an application, device, or customer. Thus, the external client may measure many of the same metrics that the operator of the communications measures, but on a more granular or localized (e.g., application, device, or customer) level because the external client does not have the more global view of the communications network that the operator has.

208 In optional step(illustrated in phantom), the processing system may calculate a second set of key performance indicators for the communications network by executing a machine learning model that is trained to map the set of performance metrics into the second set of key performance indicators. In one example, the machine learning model may be trained using a set of test data that comprises observed historical key performance indicators for the communications network and historical performance metrics for the communications network that were observed by external clients of the communications network. The machine learning model may learn mappings between KPIs and external client-measured performance metrics. Thus, once trained, the machine learning model may be provided with client-measured performance metrics as inputs and may generate as output predicted KPIs that correspond to the client-measured performance metrics. In one example, the machine learning model may comprise at least one of: a decision tree, a regression model, a neural network, or a support vector machine.

There are many instances in which it may be beneficial to convert external client-measured performance metrics to KPIs of the type that are calculated by the operator of the communications network. For example, an external client who develops extended reality gaming applications may wish to understand what their customers' experiences with latency are within a specific geographic area (e.g., a market, a city, a zone, a RAN cell, an eNodeB, etc.). However, the RAN operator may be the only source of real time ground data for a use case of this nature. As another example, an external client may have speed test data that provides a view of the speed of a network connection between a specific device and a test server in the communications network, but the speed may vary widely for other devices and applications in the communications network.

210 210 In step, the processing system may publish at least the first set of key performance indicators via an application programming interface that enables an operator of the communications network to share data with the external client of the communications network. In one example, where the processing system has received a set of performance metrics from the external client and mapped the set of performance metrics to a second set of key performance metrics, the processing system may also publish the second set of key performance metrics via the API in step.

In one example, the API may be provided as part of a paid service that the operator of the communications network provides to the external client. By providing the external client with the first and/or second set of KPIs, the external client may have greater visibility into network performance and what the set of performance metrics measured by the external client may mean in terms of real network throughput, latency, or the like in the RAN, end-to-end, or the like. This improved visibility may allow the external client to optimize the design of applications and services (including features of the applications and services) that rely on connectivity to the communications network.

210 In one example, stepmay include customizing the presentation of the first and/or second set of key performance indicators to the external client in accordance with a preference of the external client. Preferences of the external client may be obtained through configurable settings or through a search function (e.g., via which the external client may specify criteria for filtering the first and/or second set of key performance indicators for specific locations, KPIs, devices, users, or the like). Thus, the processing system may generate different sets of KPIs for presentation to different external clients, based on the preferences of the different external clients; the set of KPIs presented to one external client may be different from the set of KPIs presented to another external client.

In one example, the API may be one API in a stack of APIs that allow the operator of the communications network to share data with the external client. For instance, the stack of APIs may include one or more systems APIs which acquire analytics from various data sources, one or more process APIs that provide business logic and customization for customizing selection and presentation of the analytics for specific external clients, and an API gateway for exposing the customized analytics to the client interfaces of the specific external clients. In this case, each external client may have a respective set of credentials that each external client can use to log into the API gateway (e.g., via a web portal or a standalone application).

212 200 In step, the methodmay end.

200 2 FIG. Although not expressly specified above, one or more steps of the methodmay include a storing, displaying and/or outputting step as required for a particular application. In other words, any data, records, fields, and/or intermediate results discussed in the method can be stored, displayed and/or outputted to another device as required for a particular application. Furthermore, operations, steps, or blocks inthat recite a determining operation or involve a decision do not necessarily require that both branches of the determining operation be practiced. In other words, one of the branches of the determining operation can be deemed as an optional step. However, the use of the term “optional step” is intended to only reflect different variations of a particular illustrative embodiment and is not intended to indicate that steps not labelled as optional steps to be deemed to be essential steps. Furthermore, operations, steps or blocks of the above described method(s) can be combined, separated, and/or performed in a different order from that described above, without departing from the examples of the present disclosure.

3 FIG. 1 FIG. 3 FIG. 200 300 200 depicts a high-level block diagram of a computing device specifically programmed to perform the functions described herein. For example, any one or more components or devices illustrated inor described in connection with the methodmay be implemented as the system. For instance, an application server (such as might be used to perform the method) could be implemented as illustrated in.

3 FIG. 300 302 304 305 306 As depicted in, the systemcomprises a hardware processor element, a memory, a modulefor exposing network key performance indicators to external clients via application programming interfaces, and various input/output (I/O) devices.

302 304 305 306 The hardware processormay comprise, for example, a microprocessor, a central processing unit (CPU), or the like. The memorymay comprise, for example, random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), a disk drive, an optical drive, a magnetic drive, and/or a Universal Serial Bus (USB) drive. The modulefor exposing network key performance indicators to external clients via application programming interfaces may include circuitry and/or logic for computing key performance indicators and for converting network performance metrics measured by external client applications or services into key performance indicators. The input/output devicesmay include, for example, a camera, a video camera, storage devices (including but not limited to, a tape drive, a floppy drive, a hard disk drive or a compact disk drive), a receiver, a transmitter, a speaker, a display, a speech synthesizer, an output port, and a user input device (such as a keyboard, a keypad, a mouse, and the like), or a sensor.

Although only one processor element is shown, it should be noted that the computer may employ a plurality of processor elements. Furthermore, although only one computer is shown in the Figure, if the method(s) as discussed above is implemented in a distributed or parallel manner for a particular illustrative example, i.e., the steps of the above method(s) or the entire method(s) are implemented across multiple or parallel computers, then the computer of this Figure is intended to represent each of those multiple computers. Furthermore, one or more hardware processors can be utilized in supporting a virtualized or shared computing environment. The virtualized computing environment may support one or more virtual machines representing computers, servers, or other computing devices. In such virtualized virtual machines, hardware components such as hardware processors and computer-readable storage devices may be virtualized or logically represented.

305 304 302 200 It should be noted that the present disclosure can be implemented in software and/or in a combination of software and hardware, e.g., using application specific integrated circuits (ASIC), a programmable logic array (PLA), including a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or a state machine deployed on a hardware device, a computer or any other hardware equivalents, e.g., computer readable instructions pertaining to the method(s) discussed above can be used to configure a hardware processor to perform the steps, functions and/or operations of the above disclosed method(s). In one example, instructions and data for the present module or processfor exposing network key performance indicators to external clients via application programming interfaces (e.g., a software program comprising computer-executable instructions) can be loaded into memoryand executed by hardware processor elementto implement the steps, functions or operations as discussed above in connection with the example method. Furthermore, when a hardware processor executes instructions to perform “operations,” this could include the hardware processor performing the operations directly and/or facilitating, directing, or cooperating with another hardware device or component (e.g., a co-processor and the like) to perform the operations.

305 The processor executing the computer readable or software instructions relating to the above described method(s) can be perceived as a programmed processor or a specialized processor. As such, the present modulefor exposing network key performance indicators to external clients via application programming interfaces (including associated data structures) of the present disclosure can be stored on a tangible or physical (broadly non-transitory) computer-readable storage device or medium, e.g., volatile memory, non-volatile memory, ROM memory, RAM memory, magnetic or optical drive, device or diskette and the like. More specifically, the computer-readable storage device may comprise any physical devices that provide the ability to store information such as data and/or instructions to be accessed by a processor or a computing device such as a computer or an application server.

While various examples have been described above, it should be understood that they have been presented by way of example only, and not limitation. Thus, the breadth and scope of a preferred example should not be limited by any of the above-described example examples, but should be defined only in accordance with the following claims and their equivalents.