Adjusting Performance of Parallel Augmented Reality Experiences

Examples of the present disclosure relate generally to power attribution and throttling on mobile devices. More particularly, but not by way of limitation, examples of the present disclosure relate to a mobile device, such as a virtual reality (VR), mixed reality (MR), or an augmented reality (AR) mobile device where the VR, MR, or AR mobile device attributes power consumption and temperature generation to processes and throttles processes that exceed their power consumption or temperature generation budget.

Users increasingly want mobile devices to operate in a more user-friendly manner with more functions. However, often, the mobile devices are susceptible to overheating and often the mobile devices have limited batteries to provide additional functions.

The description that follows includes systems, methods, techniques, instruction sequences, and computing machine program products that embody illustrative examples of the disclosure. In the following description, for the purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide an understanding of various examples of the inventive subject matter. It will be evident, however, to those skilled in the art, that examples of the inventive subject matter may be practiced without these specific details. In general, well-known instruction instances, protocols, structures, and techniques are not necessarily shown in detail.

The term mobile device is used as an illustrative device; however, one skilled in the art will recognize that the methods, systems, and computer readable medium disclosed herein are applicable to other mobile devices such as wearable devices or non-wearable devices including AR, VR and MR head-wearable devices.

Augmented reality (AR) applications have become increasingly prevalent across various industries, offering innovative solutions for visualization, training, and interactive experiences. As the demand for AR technology grows, organizations face challenges in efficiently scaling their AR operations to meet user needs. A common approach has been to scale all AR operations equally when usage exceeds certain thresholds or to scale certain AR operations. However, this uniform scaling strategy often leads to significant waste of resources and operational inefficiencies and the selection of which AR operations to scale is challenging.

The equal scaling of all AR operations, regardless of their individual requirements and usage patterns, results in suboptimal resource allocation. Some AR features may require more computational power or network bandwidth than others, yet receive the same level of scaling. This mismatch between resource allocation and actual needs leads to underutilization of resources for less demanding operations while potentially leaving high-demand features under-supported. Additionally, the uniform scaling approach fails to account for variations in user behavior and preferences, potentially allocating resources to rarely used features at the expense of more popular ones. Furthermore, the indiscriminate scaling of AR operations can lead to increased costs without proportional improvements in performance or user experience. Organizations may find themselves investing in unnecessary infrastructure upgrades or cloud resources to support the blanket scaling approach, resulting in financial inefficiencies. This wasteful allocation of resources not only impacts the bottom line but also hinders the ability to invest in targeted improvements that could significantly enhance the overall AR experience.

The inefficiencies encountered in scaling AR operations equally also extend to maintenance and management complexities. As all components of the AR system grow at the same rate, the overall system becomes more challenging to monitor, update, and optimize. This increased complexity can lead to longer downtimes during maintenance, reduced agility in responding to changing user needs, and difficulties in identifying and resolving performance bottlenecks.

While individualized scaling of AR operations offers potential benefits in addressing resource waste and inefficiencies, it introduces its own set of challenges, particularly in selecting which AR operations to scale. The complexity of AR systems, with their diverse features and interconnected components, makes it difficult to determine which operations should receive priority in scaling efforts. Selecting specific AR operations for scaling requires a deep understanding of system architecture, user behavior patterns, and resource utilization across different features. This level of analysis can be time-consuming and resource-intensive, potentially offsetting the efficiency gains sought through individualized scaling. Moreover, the dynamic nature of AR applications means that usage patterns and resource requirements may change rapidly, necessitating frequent reassessment of scaling decisions. Another challenge in selecting AR operations for individualized scaling lies in predicting the impact of scaling decisions on overall system performance and user experience. Scaling certain operations while leaving others unchanged may lead to imbalances in the system, potentially creating bottlenecks or degrading the performance of interdependent features. This complexity makes it challenging to optimize resource allocation without inadvertently compromising other aspects of the AR experience.

The scaling of the operating system's AR application in conjunction with other running AR services can lead to system instability and user experience issues, particularly when resource demands exceed system capabilities. When multiple AR applications and services are scaled simultaneously, they compete for limited system resources such as CPU, GPU, and memory. This competition can result in resource contention, leading to system-wide performance degradation. In severe cases, this overallocation of resources can cause the entire system to become unresponsive or “hang.” This situation is particularly problematic in AR environments, where real-time processing and rendering are used for maintaining a seamless user experience. When the system hangs, users may find themselves unable to exit problematic AR applications through normal means, as the system's AR application (referred to as the native AR application) input handling and user interface become unresponsive.

The disclosed techniques address these and other challenges by providing a system that dynamically scales operations performed by multiple AR applications. Particularly, the disclosed techniques launch a native AR application, on a user system, together with an external AR application on the same user system. The disclosed techniques determine that usage of the external AR application transgresses a usage budget for the external AR application and, in response, adjust one or more operations of the external AR application without modifying operation of the native AR application. This ensures that the underlying operation of the operating system AR application continues to be available with the same quality of service (QoS) even though one or more external AR applications (or experiences) are exceeding usage thresholds.

1 FIG. 100 100 102 104 106 104 108 104 102 110 112 104 106 is a block diagram showing an example interaction systemfor facilitating interactions (e.g., exchanging text messages, conducting text audio and video calls, or playing games) over a network. The interaction systemincludes multiple user systems, each of which hosts multiple applications, including an interaction clientand other applications. Each interaction clientis communicatively coupled, via one or more communication networks including a network(e.g., the Internet), to other instances of the interaction client(e.g., hosted on respective other user system), an interaction server systemand third-party servers). An interaction clientcan also communicate with locally hosted applicationsusing Applications Program Interfaces (APIs).

102 114 116 118 Each user systemmay include multiple user devices, such as a computing device, head-wearable apparatus, and a computer client devicethat are communicatively connected to exchange data and messages.

104 104 110 108 104 120 104 110 An interaction clientinteracts with other interaction clientsand with the interaction server systemvia the network. The data exchanged between the interaction clients(e.g., interactions) and between the interaction clientsand the interaction server systemincludes functions (e.g., commands to invoke functions) and payload data (e.g., text, audio, video, or other multimedia data).

110 108 104 100 104 110 104 110 110 104 102 The interaction server systemprovides server-side functionality via the networkto the interaction clients. While certain functions of the interaction systemare described herein as being performed by either an interaction clientor by the interaction server system, the location of certain functionality either within the interaction clientor the interaction server systemmay be a design choice. For example, it may be technically preferable to initially deploy particular technology and functionality within the interaction server systembut to later migrate this technology and functionality to the interaction clientwhere a user systemhas sufficient processing capacity.

110 104 104 100 104 The interaction server systemsupports various services and operations that are provided to the interaction clients. Such operations include transmitting data to, receiving data from, and processing data generated by the interaction clients. This data may include message content, client device information, geolocation information, media augmentation and overlays, message content persistence conditions, social network information, and live event information. Data exchanges within the interaction systemare invoked and controlled through functions available via user interfaces (UIs) of the interaction clients.

110 122 124 124 104 106 112 124 126 128 124 130 124 124 130 Turning now specifically to the interaction server system, an Application Program Interface (API) serveris coupled to and provides programmatic interfaces to interaction servers, making the functions of the interaction serversaccessible to interaction clients, other applicationsand third-party server. The interaction serversare communicatively coupled to a database server, facilitating access to a databasethat stores data associated with interactions processed by the interaction servers. Similarly, a web serveris coupled to the interaction serversand provides web-based interfaces to the interaction servers. To this end, the web serverprocesses incoming network requests over the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) and several other related protocols.

122 124 104 106 112 122 104 106 124 122 124 124 104 104 104 124 102 104 124 2 FIG. The Application Program Interface (API) serverreceives and transmits interaction data (e.g., commands and message payloads) between the interaction serversand the client systems (and, for example, interaction clientsand other applications) and the third-party server. Specifically, the Application Program Interface (API) serverprovides a set of interfaces (e.g., routines and protocols) that can be called or queried by the interaction clientand other applicationsto invoke functionality of the interaction servers. The Application Program Interface (API) serverexposes various functions supported by the interaction servers, including account registration; login functionality; the sending of interaction data, via the interaction servers, from a particular interaction clientto another interaction client; the communication of media files (e.g., images or video) from an interaction clientto the interaction servers; the settings of a collection of media data (e.g., a story); the retrieval of a list of friends of a user of a user system; the retrieval of messages and content; the addition and deletion of entities (e.g., friends) to an entity graph (e.g., a social graph); the location of friends within a social graph; and opening an application event (e.g., relating to the interaction client). The interaction servershost multiple systems and subsystems, described below with reference to.

104 106 104 106 104 104 104 106 102 102 102 112 104 Returning to the interaction client, features and functions of an external resource (e.g., a linked applicationor applet) are made available to a user via an interface of the interaction client. In this context, “external” refers to the fact that the applicationor applet is external to the interaction client. The external resource is often provided by a third party but may also be provided by the creator or provider of the interaction client. The interaction clientreceives a user selection of an option to launch or access features of such an external resource. The external resource may be the applicationsinstalled on the user system(e.g., a “native app”), or a small-scale version of the application (e.g., an “applet”) that is hosted on the user systemor remote of the user system(e.g., on third-party servers). The small-scale version of the application includes a subset of features and functions of the application (e.g., the full-scale, native version of the application) and is implemented using a markup-language document. In some examples, the small-scale version of the application (e.g., an “applet”) is a web-based, markup-language version of the application and is embedded in the interaction client. In addition to using markup-language documents (e.g., a .*ml file), an applet may incorporate a scripting language (e.g., a .*js file or a .json file) and a style sheet (e.g., a .*ss file).

104 106 106 102 104 106 102 104 104 104 112 In response to receiving a user selection of the option to launch or access features of the external resource, the interaction clientdetermines whether the selected external resource is a web-based external resource or a locally-installed applications. In some cases, applicationsthat are locally installed on the user systemcan be launched independently of and separately from the interaction client, such as by selecting an icon corresponding to the applicationson a home screen of the user system. Small-scale versions of such applications can be launched or accessed via the interaction clientand, in some examples, no or limited portions of the small-scale application can be accessed outside of the interaction client. The small-scale application can be launched by the interaction clientreceiving, from a third-party serversfor example, a markup-language document associated with the small-scale application and processing such a document.

106 104 102 104 112 104 104 In response to determining that the external resource is a locally-installed application, the interaction clientinstructs the user systemto launch the external resource by executing locally-stored code corresponding to the external resource. In response to determining that the external resource is a web-based resource, the interaction clientcommunicates with the third-party servers(for example) to obtain a markup-language document corresponding to the selected external resource. The interaction clientthen processes the obtained markup-language document to present the web-based external resource within a user interface of the interaction client.

104 102 104 104 104 104 The interaction clientcan notify a user of the user system, or other users related to such a user (e.g., “friends”), of activity taking place in one or more external resources. For example, the interaction clientcan provide participants in a conversation (e.g., a chat session) in the interaction clientwith notifications relating to the current or recent use of an external resource by one or more members of a group of users. One or more users can be invited to join in an active external resource or to launch a recently-used but currently inactive (in the group of friends) external resource. The external resource can provide participants in a conversation, each using respective interaction clients, with the ability to share an item, status, state, or location in an external resource in a chat session with one or more members of a group of users. The shared item may be an interactive chat card with which members of the chat can interact, for example, to launch the corresponding external resource, view specific information within the external resource, or take the member of the chat to a specific location or state within the external resource. Within a given external resource, response messages can be sent to users on the interaction client. The external resource can selectively include different media items in the responses, based on a current context of the external resource.

104 106 106 The interaction clientcan present a list of the available external resources (e.g., applicationsor applets) to a user to launch or access a given external resource. This list can be presented in a context-sensitive menu. For example, the icons representing different ones of the applications(or applets) can vary based on how the menu is launched by the user (e.g., from a conversation interface or from a non-conversation interface).

2 FIG. 100 100 104 124 100 104 124 is a block diagram illustrating further details regarding the interaction system, according to some examples. Specifically, the interaction systemis shown to comprise the interaction clientand the interaction servers. The interaction systemembodies multiple subsystems, which are supported on the client-side by the interaction clientand on the server-side by the interaction servers. Example subsystems are discussed below.

202 An image processing systemprovides various functions that enable a user to capture and augment (e.g., annotate or otherwise modify or edit) media content associated with a message.

204 102 104 A camera systemincludes control software (e.g., in a camera application) that interacts with and controls hardware camera hardware (e.g., directly or via operating system controls) of the user systemto modify and augment real-time images captured and displayed via the interaction client.

206 102 102 206 104 204 1002 102 206 104 102 Geolocation of the user system; and 102 Social network information of the user of the user system. The augmentation systemprovides functions related to the generation and publishing of augmentations (e.g., media overlays) for images captured in real-time by cameras of the user systemor retrieved from memory of the user system. For example, the augmentation systemoperatively selects, presents, and displays media overlays (e.g., an image filter or an image lens) to the interaction clientfor the augmentation of real-time images received via the camera systemor stored images retrieved from memoryof a user system. These augmentations are selected by the augmentation systemand presented to a user of an interaction client, based on a number of inputs and data, such as for example:

102 104 202 208 210 212 An augmentation may include audio and visual content and visual effects. Examples of audio and visual content include pictures, texts, logos, animations, and sound effects. An example of a visual effect includes color overlaying. The audio and visual content or the visual effects can be applied to a media content item (e.g., a photo or video) at user systemfor communication in a message, or applied to video content, such as a video content stream or feed transmitted from an interaction client. As such, the image processing systemmay interact with, and support, the various subsystems of the communication system, such as the messaging systemand the video communication system.

102 102 202 102 102 128 126 A media overlay may include text or image data that can be overlaid on top of a photograph taken by the user systemor a video stream produced by the user system. In some examples, the media overlay may be a location overlay (e.g., Venice beach), a name of a live event, or a name of a merchant overlay (e.g., Beach Coffee House). In further examples, the image processing systemuses the geolocation of the user systemto identify a media overlay that includes the name of a merchant at the geolocation of the user system. The media overlay may include other indicia associated with the merchant. The media overlays may be stored in the databasesand accessed through the database server.

202 202 The image processing systemprovides a user-based publication platform that enables users to select a geolocation on a map and upload content associated with the selected geolocation. The user may also specify circumstances under which a particular media overlay should be offered to other users. The image processing systemgenerates a media overlay that includes the uploaded content and associates the uploaded content with the selected geolocation.

214 104 214 The augmentation creation systemsupports augmented reality developer platforms and includes an application for content creators (e.g., artists and developers) to create and publish augmentations (e.g., augmented reality experiences) of the interaction client. The augmentation creation systemprovides a library of built-in features and tools to content creators including, for example custom shaders, tracking technology, and templates.

214 214 In some examples, the augmentation creation systemprovides a merchant-based publication platform that enables merchants to select a particular augmentation associated with a geolocation via a bidding process. For example, the augmentation creation systemassociates a media overlay of the highest bidding merchant with a corresponding geolocation for a predefined amount of time.

208 100 210 216 212 210 104 210 218 104 218 216 104 212 104 A communication systemis responsible for enabling and processing multiple forms of communication and interaction within the interaction systemand includes a messaging system, an audio communication system, and a video communication system. The messaging systemis responsible for enforcing the temporary or time-limited access to content by the interaction clients. The messaging systemincorporates multiple timers (e.g., within an ephemeral timer system) that, based on duration and display parameters associated with a message or collection of messages (e.g., a story), selectively enable access (e.g., for presentation and display) to messages and associated content via the interaction client. Further details regarding the operation of the ephemeral timer systemare provided below. The audio communication systemenables and supports audio communications (e.g., real-time audio chat) between multiple interaction clients. Similarly, the video communication systemenables and supports video communications (e.g., real-time video chat) between multiple interaction clients.

220 222 100 A user management systemis operationally responsible for the management of user data and profiles, and includes a social network systemthat maintains information regarding relationships between users of the interaction system.

224 224 104 224 224 224 A collection management systemis operationally responsible for managing sets or collections of media (e.g., collections of text, image video, and audio data). A collection of content (e.g., messages, including images, video, text, and audio) may be organized into an “event gallery” or an “event story.” Such a collection may be made available for a specified time period, such as the duration of an event to which the content relates. For example, content relating to a music concert may be made available as a “story” for the duration of that music concert. The collection management systemmay also be responsible for publishing an icon that provides notification of a particular collection to the user interface of the interaction client. The collection management systemincludes a curation function that allows a collection manager to manage and curate a particular collection of content. For example, the curation interface enables an event organizer to curate a collection of content relating to a specific event (e.g., delete inappropriate content or redundant messages). Additionally, the collection management systememploys machine vision (or image recognition technology) and content rules to curate a content collection automatically. In certain examples, compensation may be paid to a user to include user-generated content into a collection. In such cases, the collection management systemoperates to automatically make payments to such users to use their content.

226 104 226 302 100 104 100 104 104 A map systemprovides various geographic location functions and supports the presentation of map-based media content and messages by the interaction client. For example, the map systemenables the display of user icons or avatars (e.g., stored in profile data) on a map to indicate a current or past location of “friends” of a user, as well as media content (e.g., collections of messages including photographs and videos) generated by such friends, within the context of a map. For example, a message posted by a user to the interaction systemfrom a specific geographic location may be displayed within the context of a map at that particular location to “friends” of a specific user on a map interface of the interaction client. A user can furthermore share his or her location and status information (e.g., using an appropriate status avatar) with other users of the interaction systemvia the interaction client, with this location and status information being similarly displayed within the context of a map interface of the interaction clientto selected users.

228 104 104 104 100 100 104 104 A game systemprovides various gaming functions within the context of the interaction client. The interaction clientprovides a game interface providing a list of available games that can be launched by a user within the context of the interaction clientand played with other users of the interaction system. The interaction systemfurther enables a particular user to invite other users to participate in the play of a specific game by issuing invitations to such other users from the interaction client. The interaction clientalso supports audio, video, and text messaging (e.g., chats) within the context of gameplay, provides a leaderboard for the games, and also supports the provision of in-game rewards (e.g., coins and items).

230 104 112 112 104 112 112 124 124 104 An external resource systemprovides an interface for the interaction clientto communicate with remote servers (e.g., third-party servers) to launch or access external resources, i.e., applications or applets. Each third-party serverhosts, for example, a markup language (e.g., HTML5) based application or a small-scale version of an application (e.g., game, utility, payment, or ride-sharing application). The interaction clientmay launch a web-based resource (e.g., application) by accessing the HTML5 file from the third-party serversassociated with the web-based resource. Applications hosted by third-party serversare programmed in JavaScript leveraging a Software Development Kit (SDK) provided by the interaction servers. The SDK includes Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) with functions that can be called or invoked by the web-based application. The interaction servershost a JavaScript library that provides a given external resource access to specific user data of the interaction client. HTML5 is an example of technology for programming games, but applications and resources programmed based on other technologies can be used.

112 124 112 104 To integrate the functions of the SDK into the web-based resource, the SDK is downloaded by the third-party serverfrom the interaction serversor is otherwise received by the third-party server. Once downloaded or received, the SDK is included as part of the application code of a web-based external resource. The code of the web-based resource can then call or invoke certain functions of the SDK to integrate features of the interaction clientinto the web-based resource.

110 106 104 104 104 104 112 104 102 104 104 The SDK stored on the interaction server systemeffectively provides the bridge between an external resource (e.g., applicationsor applets) and the interaction client. This gives the user a seamless experience of communicating with other users on the interaction clientwhile also preserving the look and feel of the interaction client. To bridge communications between an external resource and an interaction client, the SDK facilitates communication between third-party serversand the interaction client. A WebViewJavaScriptBridge running on a user systemestablishes two one-way communication channels between an external resource and the interaction client. Messages are sent between the external resource and the interaction clientvia these communication channels asynchronously. Each SDK function invocation is sent as a message and callback. Each SDK function is implemented by constructing a unique callback identifier and sending a message with that callback identifier.

104 112 112 124 124 104 104 104 104 By using the SDK, not all information from the interaction clientis shared with third-party servers. The SDK limits which information is shared based on the needs of the external resource. Each third-party serverprovides an HTML5 file corresponding to the web-based external resource to interaction servers. The interaction serverscan add a visual representation (such as a box art or other graphic) of the web-based external resource in the interaction client. Once the user selects the visual representation or instructs the interaction clientthrough a GUI of the interaction clientto access features of the web-based external resource, the interaction clientobtains the HTML5 file and instantiates the resources to access the features of the web-based external resource.

104 104 104 104 104 104 104 104 104 104 The interaction clientpresents a graphical user interface (e.g., a landing page or title screen) for an external resource. During, before, or after presenting the landing page or title screen, the interaction clientdetermines whether the launched external resource has been previously authorized to access user data of the interaction client. In response to determining that the launched external resource has been previously authorized to access user data of the interaction client, the interaction clientpresents another graphical user interface of the external resource that includes functions and features of the external resource. In response to determining that the launched external resource has not been previously authorized to access user data of the interaction client, after a threshold period of time (e.g., 3 seconds) of displaying the landing page or title screen of the external resource, the interaction clientslides up (e.g., animates a menu as surfacing from a bottom of the screen to a middle or other portion of the screen) a menu for authorizing the external resource to access the user data. The menu identifies the type of user data that the external resource will be authorized to use. In response to receiving a user selection of an accept option, the interaction clientadds the external resource to a list of authorized external resources and allows the external resource to access user data from the interaction client. The external resource is authorized by the interaction clientto access the user data under an OAuth framework.

104 106 The interaction clientcontrols the type of user data that is shared with external resources based on the type of external resource being authorized. For example, external resources that include full-scale applications (e.g., an application) are provided with access to a first type of user data (e.g., two-dimensional avatars of users with or without different avatar characteristics). As another example, external resources that include small-scale versions of applications (e.g., web-based versions of applications) are provided with access to a second type of user data (e.g., payment information, two-dimensional avatars of users, three-dimensional avatars of users, and avatars with various avatar characteristics). Avatar characteristics include different ways to customize a look and feel of an avatar, such as different poses, facial features, clothing, and so forth.

232 104 An advertisement systemoperationally enables the purchasing of advertisements by third parties for presentation to end-users via the interaction clientsand also handles the delivery and presentation of these advertisements.

234 601 234 702 705 701 601 601 604 234 114 116 601 116 234 601 The power and temperature attribution systemsupports system(discussed below) for power and temperature attribution on mobile devices. In one example, the power and temperature systemmaintains power consumptionand temperature generationinformation for different resourcesof the system. The systemaccesses the information via the wireless module, in accordance with some examples. The power and temperature attribution systemmay act as an intermediary for sending data between the computing deviceand the head-wearable apparatuswhere the systemis part of the head-wearable apparatus. In some examples, the power and temperature attribution systemperforms one or more functions described in conjunction with the system.

3 FIG. 300 304 110 304 is a schematic diagram illustrating data structures, which may be stored in the databaseof the interaction server system, according to certain examples. While the content of the databaseis shown to comprise multiple tables, it will be appreciated that the data could be stored in other types of data structures (e.g., as an object-oriented database).

304 306 306 3 FIG. The databaseincludes message data stored within a message table. This message data includes, for any particular message, at least message sender data, message recipient (or receiver) data, and a payload. Further details regarding information that may be included in a message, and included within the message data stored in the message table, are described below with reference to.

308 310 302 308 110 An entity tablestores entity data, and is linked (e.g., referentially) to an entity graphand profile data. Entities for which records are maintained within the entity tablemay include individuals, corporate entities, organizations, objects, places, events, and so forth. Regardless of entity type, any entity regarding which the interaction server systemstores data may be a recognized entity. Each entity is provided with a unique identifier, as well as an entity type identifier (not shown).

310 100 The entity graphstores information regarding relationships and associations between entities. Such relationships may be social, professional (e.g., work at a common corporation or organization), interest-based, or activity-based, merely for example. Certain relationships between entities may be unidirectional, such as a subscription by an individual user to digital content of a commercial or publishing user (e.g., a newspaper or other digital media outlet, or a brand). Other relationships may be bidirectional, such as a “friend” relationship between individual users of the interaction system.

308 100 Certain permissions and relationships may be attached to each relationship, and also to each direction of a relationship. For example, a bidirectional relationship (e.g., a friend relationship between individual users) may include authorization for the publication of digital content items between the individual users, but may impose certain restrictions or filters on the publication of such digital content items (e.g., based on content characteristics, location data or time of day data). Similarly, a subscription relationship between an individual user and a commercial user may impose different degrees of restrictions on the publication of digital content from the commercial user to the individual user, and may significantly restrict or block the publication of digital content from the individual user to the commercial user. A particular user, as an example of an entity, may record certain restrictions (e.g., by way of privacy settings) in a record for that entity within the entity table. Such privacy settings may be applied to all types of relationships within the context of the interaction system, or may selectively be applied to certain types of relationships.

302 302 100 302 100 104 The profile datastores multiple types of profile data about a particular entity. The profile datamay be selectively used and presented to other users of the interaction systembased on privacy settings specified by a particular entity. Where the entity is an individual, the profile dataincludes, for example, a user name, telephone number, address, settings (e.g., notification and privacy settings), as well as a user-selected avatar representation (or collection of such avatar representations). A particular user may then selectively include one or more of these avatar representations within the content of messages communicated via the interaction system, and on map interfaces displayed by interaction clientsto other users. The collection of avatar representations may include “status avatars,” which present a graphical representation of a status or activity that the user may select to communicate at a particular time.

302 Where the entity is a group, the profile datafor the group may similarly include one or more avatar representations associated with the group, in addition to the group name, members, and various settings (e.g., notifications) for the relevant group.

304 312 314 316 The databasealso stores augmentation data, such as overlays or filters, in an augmentation table. The augmentation data is associated with and applied to videos (for which data is stored in a video table) and images (for which data is stored in an image table).

104 104 102 Filters, in some examples, are overlays that are displayed as overlaid on an image or video during presentation to a recipient user. Filters may be of various types, including user-selected filters from a set of filters presented to a sending user by the interaction clientwhen the sending user is composing a message. Other types of filters include geolocation filters (also known as geo-filters), which may be presented to a sending user based on geographic location. For example, geolocation filters specific to a neighborhood or special location may be presented within a user interface by the interaction client, based on geolocation information determined by a Global Positioning System (GPS) unit of the user system.

104 102 102 Another type of filter is a data filter, which may be selectively presented to a sending user by the interaction clientbased on other inputs or information gathered by the user systemduring the message creation process. Examples of data filters include current temperature at a specific location, a current speed at which a sending user is traveling, battery life for a user system, or the current time.

316 Other augmentation data that may be stored within the image tableincludes augmented reality content items (e.g., corresponding to applying “lenses” or augmented reality experiences). An augmented reality content item may be a real-time special effect and sound that may be added to an image or a video.

318 308 104 A story tablestores data regarding collections of messages and associated image, video, or audio data, which are compiled into a collection (e.g., a story or a gallery). The creation of a particular collection may be initiated by a particular user (e.g., each user for which a record is maintained in the entity table). A user may create a “personal story” in the form of a collection of content that has been created and sent/broadcast by that user. To this end, the user interface of the interaction clientmay include an icon that is user-selectable to enable a sending user to add specific content to his or her personal story.

104 104 A collection may also constitute a “live story,” which is a collection of content from multiple users that is created manually, automatically, or using a combination of manual and automatic techniques. For example, a “live story” may constitute a curated stream of user-submitted content from various locations and events. Users whose client devices have location services enabled and are at a common location event at a particular time may, for example, be presented with an option, via a user interface of the interaction client, to contribute content to a particular live story. The live story may be identified to the user by the interaction client, based on his or her location. The end result is a “live story” told from a community perspective.

102 A further type of content collection is known as a “location story,” which enables a user whose user systemis located within a specific geographic location (e.g., on a college or university campus) to contribute to a particular collection. In some examples, a contribution to a location story may employ a second degree of authentication to verify that the end-user belongs to a specific organization or other entity (e.g., is a student on the university campus).

314 306 316 308 308 312 316 314 As mentioned above, the video tablestores video data that, in some examples, is associated with messages for which records are maintained within the message table. Similarly, the image tablestores image data associated with messages for which message data is stored in the entity table. The entity tablemay associate various augmentations from the augmentation tablewith various images and videos stored in the image tableand the video table.

304 318 318 617 629 702 705 701 601 6 FIG. 7 FIG. The databasesalso includes temperature (temp) and power data table. The temperature and power data tableincludes, referring toand, applications,, power consumption, and temperature generationinformation for different resourcesof the system.

4 FIG. 400 104 104 124 400 306 304 124 400 102 124 400 402 400 Message identifieris a unique identifier that identifies the message. 404 102 400 Message text payloadis text, to be generated by a user via a user interface of the user system, and that is included in the message. 406 102 102 400 400 316 Message image payloadis image data, captured by a camera component of a user systemor retrieved from a memory component of a user system, and that is included in the message. Image data for a sent or received messagemay be stored in the image table. 408 102 400 400 316 Message video payload: video data, captured by a camera component or retrieved from a memory component of the user system, and that is included in the message. Video data for a sent or received messagemay be stored in the image table. 410 102 400 Message audio payload: audio data, captured by a microphone or retrieved from a memory component of the user system, and that is included in the message. 412 406 408 410 400 400 312 Message augmentation data: augmentation data (e.g., filters, stickers, or other annotations or enhancements) that represents augmentations to be applied to Message image payload, message video payload, or message audio payloadof the message. Augmentation data for a sent or received messagemay be stored in the augmentation table. 414 406 408 410 104 Message duration parameteris a parameter value indicating, in seconds, the amount of time for which content of the message (e.g., the Message image payload, message video payload, message audio payload) is to be presented or made accessible to a user via the interaction client. 416 416 406 408 Message geolocation parameter: geolocation data (e.g., latitudinal and longitudinal coordinates) associated with the content payload of the message. Multiple message geolocation parametervalues may be included in the payload, each of these parameter values being associated with respect to content items included in the content (e.g., a specific image within the Message image payload, or a specific video in the message video payload). 418 318 406 400 406 Message story identifier: identifier values identifying one or more content collections (e.g., “stories” identified in the story table) with which a particular content item in the Message image payloadof the messageis associated. For example, multiple images within the Message image payloadmay each be associated with multiple content collections using identifier values. 420 400 406 420 Message tag: each messagemay be tagged with multiple tags, each of which is indicative of the subject matter of content included in the message payload. For example, where a particular image included in the Message image payloaddepicts an animal (e.g., a lion), a tag value may be included within the message tagthat is indicative of the relevant animal. Tag values may be generated manually, based on user input, or may be automatically generated using, for example, image recognition. 422 102 400 400 Message sender identifier: an identifier (e.g., a messaging system identifier, email address, or device identifier) indicative of a user of the user systemon which the messagewas generated and from which the messagewas sent. 424 102 400 Message receiver identifier: an identifier (e.g., a messaging system identifier, email address, or device identifier) indicative of a user of the user systemto which the messageis addressed. is a schematic diagram illustrating a structure of a message, according to some examples, generated by an interaction clientfor communication to a further interaction clientvia the interaction servers. The content of a particular messageis used to populate the message tablestored within the database, accessible by the interaction servers. Similarly, the content of a messageis stored in memory as “in-transit” or “in-flight” data of the user systemor the interaction servers. A messageis shown to include the following example components:

400 406 316 408 316 412 312 418 318 422 424 308 The contents (e.g., values) of the various components of messagemay be pointers to locations in tables within which content data values are stored. For example, an image value in the Message image payloadmay be a pointer to (or address of) a location within an image table. Similarly, values within the message video payloadmay point to data stored within an image table, values stored within the message augmentation datamay point to data stored in an augmentation table, values stored within the message story identifiermay point to data stored in a story table, and values stored within the message sender identifierand the message receiver identifiermay point to user records stored within an entity table.

5 FIG. 5 FIG. 501 501 116 501 503 503 504 505 506 507 504 508 511 515 513 505 506 514 515 501 525 501 is a perspective view of a head-wearable apparatus in the form of glasses, in accordance with some examples. The glassesare an article of eyewear including electronics, which operate within a network system for communicating image and video content.illustrates an example of the head-wearable apparatus. In some examples, the wearable electronic device is termed AR glasses. The glassescan include a framemade from any suitable material such as plastic or metal, including any suitable shape memory alloy. The framecan have a front piecethat can include a first or left lens, display, or optical element holderand a second or right lens, display, or optical element holderconnected by a bridge. The front pieceadditionally includes a left end portionand a right end portion. A first or left optical elementand a second or right optical elementcan be provided within respective left and right optical element holders,. Each of the optical elements,can be a lens, a display, a display assembly, or a combination of the foregoing. In some examples, for example, the glassesare provided with an integrated near-eye display mechanism that enables, for example, display to the user of preview images for visual media captured by camerasof the glasses.

503 517 518 509 511 504 504 504 504 517 518 519 510 511 504 520 504 503 The frameadditionally includes a left arm or temple pieceand a right arm or temple piececoupled to the respective left and right end portions,of the front pieceby any suitable means such as a hinge (not shown), so as to be coupled to the front piece, or rigidly or fixedly secured to the front pieceso as to be integral with the front piece. Each of the temple piecesandcan include a first portionthat is coupled to the respective end portionorof the front pieceand any suitable second portion, such as a curved or arcuate piece, for coupling to the car of the user. In one example, the front piececan be formed from a single piece of material, so as to have a unitary or integral construction. In one example, the entire framecan be formed from a single piece of material so as to have a unitary or integral construction.

501 521 503 517 518 521 517 518 517 518 The glassesinclude a computing device, such as a computer, which can be of any suitable type so as to be carried by the frameand, in one example, of a suitable size and shape, so as to be at least partially disposed in one or more of the temple piecesand. In one example, the computerhas a size and shape similar to the size and shape of one of the temple pieces,and is thus disposed almost entirely if not entirely within the structure and confines of such temple piecesand.

521 517 518 521 521 521 In one example, the computercan be disposed in both of the temple pieces,. The computercan include one or more processors with memory, wireless communication circuitry, and a power source. The computercomprises low-power circuitry, high-speed circuitry, location circuitry, and a display processor. Various other examples may include these elements in different configurations or integrated together in different ways. Additional details of aspects of the computermay be implemented as described with reference to the description that follows.

521 522 522 517 518 501 522 517 526 521 518 522 503 5 FIG. The computeradditionally includes a batteryor other suitable portable power supply. In one example, the batteryis disposed in one of the temple piecesor. In the glassesshown in, the batteryis shown as being disposed in the left temple pieceand electrically coupled using a connectionto the remainder of the computerdisposed in the right temple piece. One or more input and output devices can include a connector or port (not shown) suitable for charging a batteryaccessible from the outside of the frame, a wireless receiver, transmitter, or transceiver (not shown), or a combination of such devices.

501 525 525 525 525 525 525 The glassesinclude digital cameras. Although two camerasare depicted, other examples contemplate the use of a single or additional (i.e., more than two) cameras. For ease of description, various features relating to the cameraswill be described further with reference to only a single camera, but it will be appreciated that these features can apply, in suitable examples, to both cameras.

501 525 504 523 501 524 501 525 524 504 503 525 523 504 503 514 515 501 In various examples, the glassesmay include any number of input sensors or peripheral devices in addition to the cameras. The front pieceis provided with an outward-facing, forward-facing, front, or outer surfacethat faces forward or away from the user when the glassesare mounted on the face of the user, and an opposite inward-facing, rearward-facing, rear, or inner surfacethat faces the face of the user when the glassesare mounted on the face of the user. Such sensors can include inward-facing video sensors or digital imaging modules such as camerasthat can be mounted on or provided within the inner surfaceof the front pieceor elsewhere on the frameso as to be facing the user, and outward-facing video sensors or digital imaging modules such as the camerasthat can be mounted on or provided with the outer surfaceof the front pieceor elsewhere on the frameso as to be facing away from the user. Such sensors, peripheral devices, or peripherals can additionally include biometric sensors, location sensors, accelerometers, or any other such sensors. In some examples, projectors (not illustrated) are used to project images on the inner surface of the optical elements,(or lenses) to provide a mixed reality or augmented reality experience for the user of the glasses.

501 503 The glassesfurther include an example of a camera control mechanism or user input mechanism comprising a camera control button mounted on the framefor haptic or manual engagement by the user. The camera control button provides a bi-modal or single-action mechanism in that it is disposable by the user between only two conditions, namely an engaged condition and a disengaged condition. In this example, the camera control button is a push button that is by default in the disengaged condition, being depressible by the user to dispose it to the engaged condition. Upon release of the depressed camera control button, it automatically returns to the disengaged condition.

503 523 503 525 In other examples, the single-action input mechanism can instead be provided by, for example, a touch-sensitive button comprising a capacitive sensor mounted on the frameadjacent to its surface for detecting the presence of a user's finger, to dispose the touch-sensitive button to the engaged condition when the user touches a finger to the corresponding spot on the outer surfaceof the frame. It will be appreciated that the above-described camera control button and capacitive touch button are but two examples of a haptic input mechanism for single-action control of the camera, and that other examples may employ different single-action haptic control arrangements.

521 521 501 521 501 501 501 521 501 514 515 521 527 528 528 501 527 528 521 501 501 530 521 501 529 The computeris configured to perform the methods described herein. In some examples, the computeris coupled to one or more antennas for reception of signals from a GNSS and circuitry for processing the signals where the antennas and circuitry are housed in the glasses. In some examples, the computeris coupled to one or more wireless antennas and circuitry for transmitting and receiving wireless signals where the antennas and circuitry are housed in the glasses. In some examples, there are multiple sets of antennas and circuitry housed in the glasses. In some examples, the antennas and circuitry are configured to operate in accordance with a communication protocol such as Bluetooth™, Low-energy Bluetooth™, IEEE 502.11az/be, and so forth. In some examples, PDR sensors housed in glassesand coupled to the computer. In some examples, the glassesare VR headsets where optical elements,are opaque screens for displaying images to a user of the VR headset. In some examples, the computeris coupled to user interface elements such as slide or touchpadand button. A long press of buttonresets the glasses. The slide or touchpadand buttonare used for a user to provide input to the computerand/or other electronic components of the glasses. The glassesinclude one or more microphonesthat are coupled to the computer. The glassesinclude one or more gyroscopes.

6 FIG. 5 FIG. 601 601 116 501 601 110 102 116 501 illustrates a systemfor power attribution and throttling on mobile devices, in accordance with some examples. The systemis an apparatus of a head-wearable apparatussuch as glassesof, in accordance with some examples. The systemmay include other devices such as a portion of the interaction server system, and/or the user system, that may perform one or more of the operations described herein. In accordance with some examples, the head-wearable apparatusand/or glassesare termed AR wearable devices, MR wearable devices, and/or VR wearable devices.

615 623 602 615 623 620 626 617 619 628 615 623 620 626 628 615 623 623 628 619 622 615 623 One or more systems on a chip (SoC or systems on-chip) SOC,are connected to input/output (IO) device. The SOC,include processors,, applications, temperature (temp) sensors, and an operating system. The SOC,may include other components such as memory, other interfaces, on-chip IO devices, timing circuitry, fault circuitry, and so forth. The processors,may be graphics processor units (GPU), central processing units (CPUs), and/or another type of processor. The operating systemmay be distributed across the SOCs,and may have separate components per SOC. The logic of the operating systemmay be implemented in one or more of: hardware, firmware, and/or software. The temperature sensors,provide data that indicates a temperature or relative temperature of the SOC,, respectively.

617 629 617 629 617 629 617 629 617 629 615 623 618 625 617 629 628 The applications,provide functionality such as 3D graphics, graphical compositions, video recording, hand tracking, virtual IO, determining depth of objects from stereo images, and so forth. Additionally, the applications,may be applications,, for users of the apparatus to use such as a card game application, object identification application and so forth. The applications,may be software, firmware, or hardware. For example, the applications,may reside in a memory of the SOC,, respectively. The processes,are active applications,or other instructions that are currently active and being executed by the operating system.

615 623 621 615 623 617 629 617 629 618 625 621 617 629 615 623 617 629 615 623 617 629 604 615 623 The SOCs,are connected with an inter-SOC communication bus. The SOCs,may transfer data such as the applications,or information related to the applications,and/or processes,, using the inter-SOC communication bus. The applications,may be resident with a particular SOC,or the applications,may be distributed among SOCs,. The applications,may be received via the wireless moduleor transferred between the SOCs,.

602 604 608 606 611 602 601 1105 11 FIG. The IO devicesinclude wireless module, display, image capturing device, and battery. The IO devicesmay include additional devices such as devices that enable the user of the apparatus to receive output or provide input to the systemand other IO components, such as is discussed in conjunction with.

604 114 110 102 604 604 114 110 102 608 601 501 The wireless moduleis configured to perform wireless communication protocols with other devices such as the computing device, the interactive server system, user system, and so forth. The communication protocols include LE Bluetooth, Institute for Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) 502.11 communication protocols, proprietary communications protocols, communication protocols, and so forth. The wireless modulecommunicates with hardware such as transceiver circuitry and antennas to perform the wireless protocols. The wireless modulemay communicate with the computing device, the interactive server system, and/or user systemvia intermediate devices such as an access point, a node B, and so forth. The displayis an electronic device configured to present content to a user of the system. For example, the glassesmay have an integrated near-eye display mechanism.

606 606 602 615 623 613 614 611 611 611 607 611 605 609 610 612 604 608 606 611 605 609 610 612 605 609 610 612 The image capturing devicescaptures images of the real-world with sensors. For example, the sensors may be charge-coupled device (CCD) sensors and the active-pixel sensor (CMOS sensor) sensors. The image capturing devicemay include color camera sensors, compact vision (CV) camera sensor, and so forth. The IO devicesare connected to one or more SOCs,, via connections,. The batteryis source of electrical power. For example, the batterymay be a rechargeable lithium battery. The batteryhas a charge sensorthat generates data that indicates a charge level of the battery. The temperature sensors,,, andgenerate data that indicates a temperature of the wireless module, display, image capturing devices, and battery, respectively. There may be more or fewer temperature sensors,,, andand, in some examples, the temperature sensors,,, andindicate a temperature of more than one device.

611 705 702 705 701 711 628 711 714 717 711 701 711 702 705 714 717 628 713 716 711 711 713 716 710 711 710 704 701 711 620 626 711 702 705 711 6 FIG. 7 FIG. A technical challenge is how to increase the usefulness of a batteryon a mobile device and how to reduce the temperature generation. The technical challenge is addressed by, referring toand, determining a power consumptionand temperature generationon a per resourcebasis for processes. An operating systemprovides the processwith information regarding the energy usedand the temperature usedby the processon per resourcebasis. The processmay reduce its power consumptionand temperature generationbased on the amount of energy usedand/or temperature used. Additionally, the operating systemmay maintain an energy budgetand/or temperature budgetfor the process. If the processexceeds its energy budgetor temperature budget, then a throttle modulethrottles the process. For example, the throttle modulechanges a stateof a resourcethe processis using such as reducing a clock speed or frequency of a GPU processor,. This may slow the processbut reduce power consumptionand temperature generationof the process.

617 629 628 702 705 702 705 601 617 629 In some examples, the designer of the applications,uses the information from the operating systemregarding the power consumptionand temperature generationto reduce the power consumptionor the temperature generation. For example, there may be a component of the systemthat is particularly vulnerable to overheating so the application,may be designed to reduce the use of the component.

7 FIG. 628 628 701 711 701 602 617 628 702 702 702 701 703 701 704 701 626 704 626 703 711 628 702 701 714 711 illustrates the operating system, in accordance with some examples. The operating systemmaintains information regarding resourcesand processes. The resourcesinclude the IO devices, application, and so forth. The operating systemaccesses information regarding the power consumption. A power consumptionis estimated an estimated power consumptionfor the resourcebased on a utilizationof the resourceand, in some examples, further based on a stateof the resource. For example, a processormay have different frequency levels, which is represented by the state, and the processorhas a utilizationsuch as percent that is attributable to a process. The operating systemcan use the power consumptioninformation about the resourceto determine the energy usedby the process.

701 704 703 701 628 711 701 703 714 711 715 711 617 629 711 618 627 628 615 623 711 615 623 For example, a resourcemay be a graphics processing unit (GPU) that at statewith a clock speed of 1,000 MHz consumes 905 milli-Watts (mW) per percent of utilizationof the GPU resource. The operating systemcan determine based on a time that the processuses the GPU resourceand a utilizationof the GPU, the energy usedin mW-seconds or joules (J) used by the processfor the GPU resource. The processis an application,being executed or run. The processis processand/or process. The operating systemruns on the SOCs,and the processmay be run on one or more of the SOCs,.

705 706 707 701 701 704 705 706 705 628 708 701 701 711 705 702 701 719 705 702 The temperature generationis an indication of an increase in temperature based on the utilizationand stateof the resource. For example, continuing with the example above. If the GPU resourceis in a 1,000 MHz state, then the temperature generationis 0.01 degrees F. per 1 percent utilizationper second of use. The temperature generationenables the operating systemto attribute a change in the current temperatureof a resourcebecause of the use of the resourceby a process. In some examples, the temperature generationis non-linear and depends on total power consumptionand/or on utilization of the resource. The kernel modulemay approximate the temperature generationbased on the total power consumptionand/or resource utilization.

709 701 711 617 629 711 701 701 711 617 629 617 629 617 629 711 617 629 Software or hardwareindicates whether the resourceis software or hardware. For example, a processmay be an end user application,such as identifying objects for the user or playing a video for the user. When the processdirectly executes and uses a GPU resource, then the GPU resourceis hardware. And when the processuses an application,such as an application,to identify hand gestures, then this is software. The application,from which the processoriginated may provide services for other applications,.

628 617 629 711 628 617 629 711 617 629 702 705 701 628 702 705 617 629 701 711 702 705 701 701 617 629 708 701 605 609 612 619 622 The operating systemexecutes or runs the applications,, which becomes a processin execution or in being run. The operating systemmay use an interpreter to run the applications,, in which case the processbeing tracked may be the interpreter and the application,is attributed with power consumptionand temperature generationbased on the use of the interpreter resource. For example, the operating systemattributes the power consumptionand temperature generationto an application,using the interpreter resource, which is a processwhen being used, based on the power consumptionand temperature generationof the interpreter resourcewhen the interpreter resourceis running the application,. The current temperatureis an indication of the temperature of the resource, which may be determined based on a temperature sensor,,,,.

701 628 702 705 701 701 628 702 705 701 701 704 701 701 When the resourceis a software process, the operating systemmay use previously determined estimates for power consumptionand temperature generationfor running the software resource. For example, for a hand gesture recognition resource, the operating systemmay access information that indicates a power consumptionand temperature generationfor the hand gesture recognition resourcebased on an amount of time the hand gesture recognition resourceis active and, in some examples, further based on stateof the other resourcessuch as the GPU or CPU resource.

628 711 714 715 717 713 711 713 701 716 711 716 701 The operating systemmonitors processesfor energy usedper resourceand temperature used. The energy budgetindicates an amount of energy the processis budgeted to use. The energy budgetmay per resource. The temperature budgetindicates a change in temperature that the processis budgeted. The temperature budgetmay be per resource.

719 628 719 711 711 The kernel moduleis configured to perform operations that require the kernel of the operating systemto perform. For example, the kernel moduleprovides services to stop processesand to log a time a processis started and stopped.

720 713 716 711 713 716 617 629 713 716 708 611 607 720 711 714 717 711 720 711 711 714 717 720 702 705 701 703 706 704 707 The budget moduledetermines an energy budgetand temperature budgetfor a process. In some examples, the energy budgetand temperature budgetare predetermined and associated with the application,. In some examples, the energy budgetand temperature budgetare determined based on current temperaturesof the resources and/or the charge of the batterybased on the charge sensor. The budget modulesends to the processupdates on the energy usedand the temperature usedso that the process. The budget modulesends to the processwhen the processis completed a total energy usedand a total temperature used. The budget moduledetermines the power consumptionand temperature generationto use for a resourcebased on the utilization,, and state,.

710 711 713 716 711 713 716 710 712 711 712 711 711 714 717 710 714 717 701 711 704 702 705 701 710 701 704 704 701 711 The throttle moduleperforms action when a processexceeds its energy budgetor temperature budget. For example, when a processexceeds its energy budgetor exceeds its temperature budget, the throttle modulecalls the throttle modulethat is part of the process. The throttle moduleof the processmay terminate the process, reduce the energy usedand/or temperature used, or perform another action. The throttle modulemay perform another action such analyzing the energy usedand temperature usedand placing a resourcethat is being used by the processinto a statethat uses less power consumptionand/or temperature generation. For example, in the GPU resourceexample, the throttle modulemay reduce a number of cores of the GPU resourcethat are turned on, change the 1,000 MHz stateto a 1001 MHz state, or reduce the availability of one or more cores of the GPU resourceto the process.

712 617 629 712 710 711 710 701 708 701 710 701 In some examples, throttle modulereduces the features of the application,. For example, the throttle modulemay disable hand tracking. The throttle modulemay reduce or lower a priority of the processso that it is executed or run less frequently. In some examples, the throttle modulemay throttle the use of a resource. For example, if a current temperatureof the resourceexceeds or transgresses a threshold, the throttle modulemay reduce access to the resource.

710 711 701 710 711 701 710 711 701 711 710 711 701 708 710 701 710 701 701 701 708 710 701 701 In some examples, the throttle modulewill lower a priority of processesthat are using the resource. In some examples, the throttle modulewill suspend processesthat request to use the resource. In some examples, the throttle modulewill indicate to the processthat using a resourcemay result in the processbeing suspended or the throttle modulemay indicate to the processthat the resourceis currently unavailable due to its current temperature. The throttle modulemay provide a time period when the resourcemay become available. In some examples, the throttle modulewill switch the resourcefor another resourcethat may perform the operation. For example, if a GPU resourcehas a current temperaturethat exceeds or transgress a threshold temperature, then the throttle modulesubstitutes another GPU resource, a CPU resource, or sends the operation to be performed by another device.

710 711 711 710 701 711 604 710 604 711 710 712 714 717 711 604 116 114 102 In some examples, the throttle modulemay suspend the processor reduce a priority of the process. In some examples, the throttle modulemay remove a resourcefrom the process. For example, if the wireless moduleis becoming too hot, then the throttle modulemay suspend the use of the wireless moduleby the processfor a period of time. In some examples, the throttle moduleor throttle modulewill, in response, to the amount of energy usedor the temperature used, indicate to the processto offload computationally intensive functions to another device via the wireless module. For example, the head-wearable apparatuswill offload image processing for hand tracking to a computing devicesuch as a user systemthat may be mobile phone.

710 712 711 712 711 702 705 711 617 629 711 617 629 711 In other examples, the throttle modulecalls a throttle moduleof the process. The throttle moduleof the processmay determine its own actions to reduce the power consumptionand temperature generation. For example, the processmay reduce the features available for an end-user application,. The processis an application,that is being executed. In some examples, the processreduces the features being offered by not providing hand tracking.

Any reference to a “module” is equally applicable to “component.” Namely, any operation performed by the disclosed “modules” can be similarly performed by a respective “component”.

710 102 710 102 808 808 808 808 810 810 102 810 808 810 106 8 FIG. In some examples, the throttle modulereceives an input model that predicts usage of various AR applications executing on the user system. Specifically, the throttle modulecan determine that a native AR application (e.g., an operating system application) is currently running on the user system. The native AR application (shown in, as native AR application) can present an AR user interface on a body part, such as a hand of a user. The user interface of the native AR applicationcan be used to access and/or modify various settings of the native AR application. In some cases, the user interface of the native AR applicationcan include one or more options for running or launching respective creator AR applications. The creator AR applicationscan include any application that provides a respective AR experience and that can be independently launched on the user system. The creator AR applicationcan be developed by a third party entity relative to an entity that provides the native AR application. For example, the creator AR applicationcan include any one of the applications.

808 810 810 808 808 102 102 808 102 808 102 Once launched, the native AR applicationcan monitor usage of the various AR applications. In some cases, each creator AR applicationcan provide a respective user interface with AR elements. The user interface of the creator AR applicationcan be presented together with and concurrently with the user interface of the native AR application. The native AR application(or other operating system of the user system) can monitor usage of the applications running of the user system. The native AR applicationcan assign a usage budget to each application (or service) that is currently running on the user system. The native AR application(or other operating system of the user system) can detect when any one of the applications or services has a usage that exceeds the respective usage budget that is assigned to the application or service.

102 102 720 701 711 808 721 In some cases, a first external AR application can be assigned or associated with a first usage budget and a second external AR application can be assigned or associated with a second usage budget. The usage budgets can be assigned to different external AR applications based on various criteria, such as identity of the developer, a resource provided by the developer, popularity of the developer, and so forth. In some cases, all of the external AR application are assigned the same usage budget. The usage budget can include or represent any type or resource usage, such as temperature of the user system, CPU usage of the user system, frames per second associated with graphics of the user interface of the corresponding external AR application, and so forth. The usage budget can be based on any measurable statistic or metric provided by the budget module, resource, and/or processesor model (representing power attribution) derived from information received from these components. Any operations discussed with reference to the native AR applicationcan be similarly performed by the operating systemand vice versa.

721 102 721 808 In some examples, the operating systemmaintains a list of tiers of different applications and/or services that can run on the user system. The list of tiers can be prioritized. Each application/service on the list of tiers can be associated with a different usage budget. The list of tiers can include a first tier that includes a list of low priority services (e.g., telemetric sensors, GPS sensors, background operations including downloading of messages from a server, and so forth). The list of tiers can include a second tier that includes identifiers of external AR applications having a medium priority that is greater than the low priority services. The list of tiers can include a third tier that includes identifiers of native AR applications having a high priority that is greater than the medium and low priorities. Applications or services on the third tier can include services of the operating systemused to present user interface elements of the native AR application.

721 721 721 808 721 808 808 808 102 808 In some examples, the operating systemdetermines that an individual external AR application has a usage that is transgressing the usage budget of the individual external AR application or is predicted to transgress within a threshold period of time. In response, the operating systemcan adjust one or more operations of the individual external AR application to reduce the usage of the individual external AR application so it does not exceed the usage budget while allowing the individual external AR application to continue operating. The operating systemcan adjust these operations without modifying the operations of the native AR applicationor other applications or services. For example, the operating systemcan reduce the frames per second (FPS) at which graphical elements of the individual external AR application are presented without changing the FPS of the native AR application. This way, the individual external AR application can continue to be used with a lower QoS in the display of the user interface of the individual external AR application while the native AR applicationcan continue to be used to exit the individual external AR application or perform other system functions at the same FPS (the nominal FPS associated with the native AR application). This way, if the user moves the user systemto a portion of the real-world environment where a user's hand is detected, a user interface of the native AR applicationcan be retrieved and displayed on the user's hand at the optimal FPS while the user interface of the individual external AR application continues to be displayed simultaneously at the lower FPS.

721 804 806 806 804 808 806 In some examples, the operating systemcan present a user interface element that indicates the current usageof the individual external AR application. The user interface element can also include the current FPSof the individual external AR application. The FPSpresented in the user interface element can be dynamically adjusted (increased or decreased) to keep the usageof the individual external AR application within the usage budget of the individual external AR application. In some cases, input can be received to update the user interface element to present the usage of the native AR application. In response, the FPScan be shown and may not be changed while the FPS of the individual external AR application is decreasing to keep the usage of the individual external AR application within the usage budget.

721 721 721 721 721 102 721 721 721 721 In some examples, the operating systemcan first attempt to remove or reduce operations of applications and services on the first tier before modifying operations of applications and services on the second and third tiers. Namely, in response to the operating systemdetermining that usage of the individual external AR application is exceeding the usage budget of the individual external AR application, the operating systemcan identify one or more services on the first tier that are currently running. The operating systemcan terminate or slow down the identified one or more services. The operating systemcan then determine whether the usage budget of the user systemis now within the threshold usage limits even while the individual external AR application has a usage that exceeds the corresponding usage budget. If so, the operating systemcan determine whether any additional services or applications are on the first tier and can be terminated or reduced. If there are not additional services or applications on the first tier that can be terminated or reduced, the operating systemcan now access applications on the second tier. The operating systemcan determine that the individual external AR application is on the second tier and, in response, the operating systemcan reduce operations of the individual external AR application, such as the FPS of the individual external AR application to reduce usage of the individual external AR application to below the corresponding usage budget.

721 721 721 In some examples, the operating systemcan receive a message or access configuration information for the individual external AR application. The operating system, based on the message or configuration information, determines that usage of the individual external AR application beyond the usage budget is requested for a certain period of time. The operating systemcan determine what operation of the individual external AR application is specified in the message as being known to have a usage that exceeds the usage budget of the individual external AR application.

721 721 721 721 721 721 721 721 The operating systemcan determine whether the current operation of the individual external AR application that is running matches the operation specified in the message or configuration. In response, the operating systemallows the usage of the individual external AR application to transgress the usage budget for the time period or interval specified in the message or configuration information. The operating systemcan initialize a timer and begin running a timer in response to determining that the operation of the individual external AR application that is currently running exceeds the usage budget of the individual external AR application and is on the list of operations requested by the individual external AR application to allow to run while exceeding the usage budget. The operating systemcan continue to allow the operation of the individual external AR application to run while the timer is below the specified time interval in the configuration information or message. The operating systemcan determine that the timer has reached the specified time interval. In response, the operating systemdetermines whether the operation of the individual external AR application is still running. If so, the operating systemcan now terminate and/or reduce operations of one or more services and/or applications starting with the first tier and going to the second tier. For example, the operating systemcan reduce the FPS of the individual external AR application because the operation of the individual external AR application ran for longer than the requested time period in the message.

9 FIG. 900 900 721 902 904 721 906 721 illustrates a method(or process) for power attribution on mobile devices, in accordance with some examples. The methodcan perform various operations. For example, the operating systemcan, at operation, launch a native AR application together with an external AR application on the user system, as discussed above. Then, at operation, the operating systemcan determine that usage of the external AR application transgresses a usage budget for the external AR application, as discussed above. At operation, the operating systemcan adjust one or more operations of the external AR application without modifying operation of the native AR application in response to determining that the usage of the external AR application transgresses the usage budget for the external AR application, as discussed above.

900 900 900 The methodmay optionally include one or more additional operations. The operations of methodmay be performed in a different order. One or more of the operations of methodmay be optional.

System with Head-Wearable Apparatus

10 FIG. 10 FIG. 1001 116 116 1021 1003 110 108 illustrates a systemincluding a head-wearable apparatuswith a selector input device, according to some examples.is a high-level functional block diagram of an example head-wearable apparatuscommunicatively coupled to a computing deviceand various server systems(e.g., the interaction server system) via various networks.

116 1004 1005 1006 The head-wearable apparatusincludes one or more cameras, each of which may be, for example, a visible light camera, an infrared emitter, and an infrared camera.

114 116 1007 1008 114 1003 1009 1021 1021 1021 The computing deviceconnects with head-wearable apparatususing both a low-power wireless connectionand a high-speed wireless connection. The computing deviceis also connected to server systemsand the network, in accordance with some examples. The computing devicemay be a portable computing device such as a smart phone, tablet, laptop, or another type of computing devicesuch as a desktop computer, or another type of computing device.

116 1010 1010 116 116 1011 1012 1019 1017 1010 116 The head-wearable apparatusfurther includes two image displays of the image display of optical assembly. The two image displays of optical assemblyinclude one associated with the left lateral side and one associated with the right lateral side of the head-wearable apparatus. The head-wearable apparatusalso includes an image display driver, an image processor, low-power processor, and high-speed wireless circuitry. The optical assemblyis for presenting images and videos, including an image that can include a graphical user interface to a user of the head-wearable apparatus.

1011 1010 1011 1010 The image display drivercommands and controls the image display of optical assembly. The image display drivermay deliver image data directly to the optical assemblyfor presentation or may convert the image data into a signal or data format suitable for delivery to the image display device. For example, the image data may be video data formatted according to compression formats, such as H.264 (MPEG-4 Part 10), HEVC, Theora, Dirac, RealVideo RV40, VP8, VP9, or the like, and still image data may be formatted according to compression formats such as Portable Network Group (PNG), Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG), Tagged Image File Format (TIFF) or exchangeable image file format (EXIF) or the like.

116 116 116 1015 The head-wearable apparatusincludes a frame and stems (or temples) extending from a lateral side of the frame. The head-wearable apparatusfurther includes a user input device (e.g., touch sensor or push button), including an input surface on the head-wearable apparatus. The user input device(e.g., touch sensor or push button) is to receive from the user an input selection to manipulate the graphical user interface of the presented image.

10 FIG. 116 116 The components shown infor the head-wearable apparatusare located on one or more circuit boards, for example a PCB or flexible PCB, in the rims or temples. Alternatively, or additionally, the depicted components can be located in the chunks, frames, hinges, or bridge of the head-wearable apparatus. Left and right visible light cameras can include digital camera elements such as a complementary metal oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) image sensor, charge-coupled device, camera lenses, or any other respective visible or light-capturing elements that may be used to capture data, including images of scenes with unknown objects.

116 1002 1002 The head-wearable apparatusincludes a memory, which stores instructions to perform a subset or all of the functions described herein. The memorycan also include storage device.

10 FIG. 1014 1016 1002 1017 1014 1016 1010 1016 116 1016 1008 1017 1016 116 1002 1016 116 1017 1017 1017 As shown in, the high-speed circuitryincludes a high-speed processor, a memory, and high-speed wireless circuitry. In some examples, the image display driver is coupled to the high-speed circuitryand operated by the high-speed processorin order to drive the left and right image displays of the image display of optical assembly. The high-speed processormay be any processor capable of managing high-speed communications and operation of any general computing system needed for the head-wearable apparatus. The high-speed processorincludes processing resources needed for managing high-speed data transfers on a high-speed wireless connectionto a wireless local area network (WLAN) using the high-speed wireless circuitry. In certain examples, the high-speed processorexecutes an operating system such as a LINUX operating system or other such operating system of the head-wearable apparatus, and the operating system is stored in the memoryfor execution. In addition to any other responsibilities, the high-speed processorexecuting a software architecture for the head-wearable apparatusis used to manage data transfers with high-speed wireless circuitry. In certain examples, the high-speed wireless circuitryis configured to implement Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 communication standards, also referred to herein as WiFi. In some examples, other high-speed communications standards may be implemented by the high-speed wireless circuitry.

1018 1017 116 1021 1007 1008 116 1009 The low-power wireless circuitryand the high-speed wireless circuitryof the head-wearable apparatuscan include short-range transceivers (Bluetooth™) and wireless wide, local, or wide area network transceivers (e.g., cellular or WiFi). Computing device, including the transceivers communicating via the low-power wireless connectionand the high-speed wireless connection, may be implemented using details of the architecture of the head-wearable apparatus, as can other elements of the network.

1002 1004 1006 1012 1011 1010 1002 1014 1002 116 1016 1012 1019 1002 1016 1002 1019 1016 1002 The memoryincludes any storage device capable of storing various data and applications, including, among other things, camera data generated by the left and right visible light cameras, the infrared camera, and the image processor, as well as images generated for display by the image display driveron the image displays of the image display of optical assembly. While the memoryis shown as integrated with high-speed circuitry, in some examples, the memorymay be an independent standalone element of the head-wearable apparatus. In certain such examples, electrical routing lines may provide a connection through a chip that includes the high-speed processorfrom the image processoror the low-power processorto the memory. In some examples, the high-speed processormay manage addressing of the memorysuch that the low-power processorwill boot the high-speed processorany time that a read or write operation involving memoryis needed.

10 FIG. 1019 1016 116 1004 1005 1006 1011 1015 1002 As shown in, the low-power processoror high-speed processorof the head-wearable apparatuscan be coupled to the camera (visible light camera, infrared emitter, or infrared camera), the image display driver, the user input device(e.g., touch sensor or push button), and the memory.

116 116 1021 1008 1003 1009 1003 1009 114 116 The head-wearable apparatusis connected to a host computer. For example, the head-wearable apparatusis paired with the computing devicevia the high-speed wireless connectionor connected to the server systemvia the network. The server systemmay be one or more computing devices as part of a service or network computing system, for example, that includes a processor, a memory, and network communication interface to communicate over the networkwith the computing deviceand the head-wearable apparatus.

1021 1009 1007 1008 1021 1021 The computing deviceincludes a processor and a network communication interface coupled to the processor. The network communication interface allows for communication over the network, low-power wireless connection, or high-speed wireless connection. Computing devicecan further store at least portions of the instructions for generating binaural audio content in the computing device's memory to implement the functionality described herein.

116 1011 116 116 1021 1003 1015 Output components of the head-wearable apparatusinclude visual components, such as a display such as a liquid crystal display (LCD), a plasma display panel (PDP), a light-emitting diode (LED) display, a projector, or a waveguide. The image displays of the optical assembly are driven by the image display driver. The output components of the head-wearable apparatusfurther include acoustic components (e.g., speakers), haptic components (e.g., a vibratory motor), other signal generators, and so forth. The input components of the head-wearable apparatus, the computing device, and server system server systems, such as the user input device, may include alphanumeric input components (e.g., a keyboard, a touch screen configured to receive alphanumeric input, a photo-optical keyboard, or other alphanumeric input components), point-based input components (e.g., a mouse, a touchpad, a trackball, a joystick, a motion sensor, or other pointing instruments), tactile input components (e.g., a physical button, a touch screen that provides location and force of touches or touch gestures, or other tactile input components), audio input components (e.g., a microphone), and the like.

116 116 The head-wearable apparatusmay also include additional peripheral device elements. Such peripheral device elements may include biometric sensors, additional sensors, or display elements integrated with the head-wearable apparatus. For example, peripheral device elements may include any I/O components including output components, motion components, position components, or any other such elements described herein.

1007 1008 1021 1013 1014 For example, the biometric components include components to detect expressions (e.g., hand expressions, facial expressions, vocal expressions, body gestures, or eye-tracking), measure biosignals (e.g., blood pressure, heart rate, body temperature, perspiration, or brain waves), identify a person (e.g., voice identification, retinal identification, facial identification, fingerprint identification, or electroencephalogram based identification), and the like. The motion components include acceleration sensor components (e.g., accelerometer), gravitation sensor components, rotation sensor components (e.g., gyroscope), and so forth. The position components include location sensor components to generate location coordinates (e.g., a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver component), Wi-Fi or Bluetooth™ transceivers to generate positioning system coordinates, altitude sensor components (e.g., altimeters or barometers that detect air pressure from which altitude may be derived), orientation sensor components (e.g., magnetometers), and the like. Such positioning system coordinates can also be received over low-power wireless connections low-power wireless connectionand high-speed wireless connectionfrom the computing devicevia the low-power circuitryor high-speed circuitry.

11 FIG. 1101 1102 1101 1102 600 1102 1101 1101 1101 1101 1101 1102 1101 1101 1102 1101 102 110 1101 is a diagrammatic representation of the machinewithin which instructions(e.g., software, a program, an application, an applet, an app, or other executable code) for causing the machineto perform any one or more of the methodologies discussed herein may be executed. For example, the instructionsmay cause the machineto execute any one or more of the methods described herein. The instructionstransform the general, non-programmed machineinto a particular machineprogrammed to carry out the described and illustrated functions in the manner described. The machinemay operate as a standalone device or may be coupled (e.g., networked) to other machines. In a networked deployment, the machinemay operate in the capacity of a server machine or a client machine in a server-client network environment, or as a peer machine in a peer-to-peer (or distributed) network environment. The machinemay comprise, but not be limited to, a server computer, a client computer, a personal computer (PC), a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a netbook, a set-top box (STB), a personal digital assistant (PDA), an entertainment media system, a cellular telephone, a smartphone, a mobile device, a wearable device (e.g., a smartwatch), a smart home device (e.g., a smart appliance), other smart devices, a web appliance, a network router, a network switch, a network bridge, or any machine capable of executing the instructions, sequentially or otherwise, that specify actions to be taken by the machine. Further, while a single machineis illustrated, the term “machine” shall also be taken to include a collection of machines that individually or jointly execute the instructionsto perform any one or more of the methodologies discussed herein. The machine, for example, may comprise the user systemor any one of multiple server devices forming part of the interaction server system. In some examples, the machinemay also comprise both client and server systems, with certain operations of a particular method or algorithm being performed on the server-side and with certain operations of the particular method or algorithm being performed on the client-side.

1101 1103 1104 1105 1106 1107 1107 1108 1102 1107 1101 11 FIG. The machinemay include processors, memory, and input/output I/O components, which may be configured to communicate with each other via a bus. In an example, processor(e.g., a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Reduced Instruction Set Computing (RISC) Processor, a Complex Instruction Set Computing (CISC) Processor, a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Radio-Frequency Integrated Circuit (RFIC), another processor, or any suitable combination thereof) may include, for example, a processorand a processorthat execute the instructions. The term “processor” is intended to include multi-core processors that may comprise two or more independent processors (sometimes referred to as “cores”) that may execute instructions contemporaneously. Althoughshows multiple processors, the machinemay include a single processor with a single-core, a single processor with multiple cores (e.g., a multi-core processor), multiple processors with a single core, multiple processors with multiples cores, or any combination thereof.

1104 1109 1110 1111 1103 1106 1109 1110 1111 1102 1102 1109 1110 1111 1107 1101 The memoryincludes a main memory, a static memory, and a storage unit, both accessible to the processorsvia the bus. The main memory, the static memory, and storage unitstore the instructionsembodying any one or more of the methodologies or functions described herein. The instructionsmay also reside, completely or partially, within the main memory, within the static memory, within machine-readable medium within the storage unit, within at least one of the processors(e.g., within the processor's cache memory), or any suitable combination thereof, during execution thereof by the machine.

1105 1105 1105 1113 1114 1113 11 FIG. The I/O componentsmay include a wide variety of components to receive input, provide output, produce output, transmit information, exchange information, capture measurements, and so on. The specific I/O componentsthat are included in a particular machine will depend on the type of machine. For example, portable machines such as mobile phones may include a touch input device or other such input mechanisms, while a headless server machine will likely not include such a touch input device. It will be appreciated that the I/O components may include many other components that are not shown in. In various examples, the I/O componentsmay include user output componentsand user input components. The user output componentsmay include visual components (e.g., a display such as a plasma display panel (PDP), a light-emitting diode (LED) display, a liquid crystal display (LCD), a projector, or a cathode ray tube (CRT)), acoustic components (e.g., speakers), haptic components (e.g., a vibratory motor, resistance mechanisms), other signal generators, and so forth. The user input components may include alphanumeric input components (e.g., a keyboard, a touch screen configured to receive alphanumeric input, a photo-optical keyboard, or other alphanumeric input components), point-based input components (e.g., a mouse, a touchpad, a trackball, a joystick, a motion sensor, or another pointing instrument), tactile input components (e.g., a physical button, a touch screen that provides location and force of touches or touch gestures, or other tactile input components), audio input components (e.g., a microphone), and the like.

1105 1115 1116 1117 1118 1115 11166 In further examples, the I/O componentsmay include biometric components, motion components, environmental components, or position components, among a wide array of other components. For example, the biometric componentsinclude components to detect expressions (e.g., hand expressions, facial expressions, vocal expressions, body gestures, or eye-tracking), measure biosignals (e.g., blood pressure, heart rate, body temperature, perspiration, or brain waves), identify a person (e.g., voice identification, retinal identification, facial identification, fingerprint identification, or electroencephalogram-based identification), and the like. The motion componentsinclude acceleration sensor components (e.g., accelerometer), gravitation sensor components, rotation sensor components (e.g., gyroscope).

1117 The environmental componentsinclude, for example, one or cameras (with still image/photograph and video capabilities), illumination sensor components (e.g., photometer), temperature sensor components (e.g., one or more thermometers that detect ambient temperature), humidity sensor components, pressure sensor components (e.g., barometer), acoustic sensor components (e.g., one or more microphones that detect background noise), proximity sensor components (e.g., infrared sensors that detect nearby objects), gas sensors (e.g., gas detection sensors to detection concentrations of hazardous gases for safety or to measure pollutants in the atmosphere), or other components that may provide indications, measurements, or signals corresponding to a surrounding physical environment.

102 102 102 102 102 With respect to cameras, the user systemmay have a camera system comprising, for example, front cameras on a front surface of the user systemand rear cameras on a rear surface of the user system. The front cameras may, for example, be used to capture still images and video of a user of the user system(e.g., “selfies”), which may then be augmented with augmentation data (e.g., filters) described above. The rear cameras may, for example, be used to capture still images and videos in a more traditional camera mode, with these images similarly being augmented with augmentation data. In addition to front and rear cameras, the user systemmay also include a 360° camera for capturing 360° photographs and videos.

102 102 Further, the camera system of the user systemmay include dual rear cameras (e.g., a primary camera as well as a depth-sensing camera), or even triple, quad or penta rear camera configurations on the front and rear sides of the user system. These multiple cameras systems may include a wide camera, an ultra-wide camera, a telephoto camera, a macro camera, and a depth sensor, for example.

1118 The position componentsinclude location sensor components (e.g., a GPS receiver component), altitude sensor components (e.g., altimeters or barometers that detect air pressure from which altitude may be derived), orientation sensor components (e.g., magnetometers), and the like.

1105 1119 1101 1120 1121 1119 1120 1119 Communication may be implemented using a wide variety of technologies. The I/O componentsfurther include communication componentsoperable to couple the machineto a networkor devicesvia respective coupling or connections. For example, the communication componentsmay include a network interface component or another suitable device to interface with the network. In further examples, the communication componentsmay include wired communication components, wireless communication components, cellular communication components, Near Field Communication (NFC) components, Bluetooth® components (e.g., Bluetooth® Low Energy), Wi-Fi® components, and other communication components to provide communication via other modalities. The devices may be another machine or any of a wide variety of peripheral devices (e.g., a peripheral device coupled via a USB).

1119 636 636 Moreover, the communication componentsmay detect identifiers or include components operable to detect identifiers. For example, the communication componentsmay include Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tag reader components, NFC smart tag detection components, optical reader components (e.g., an optical sensor to detect one-dimensional bar codes such as Universal Product Code (UPC) bar code, multi-dimensional bar codes such as Quick Response (QR) code, Aztec code, Data Matrix, Dataglyph, MaxiCode, PDF417, Ultra Code, UCC RSS-2D bar code, and other optical codes), or acoustic detection components (e.g., microphones to identify tagged audio signals). In addition, a variety of information may be derived via the communication components, such as location via Internet Protocol (IP) geolocation, location via Wi-Fi® signal triangulation, location via detecting an NFC beacon signal that may indicate a particular location, and so forth.

1109 1110 1103 1111 1102 1107 The various memories (e.g., main memory, static memory, and memory of the processors) and storage unitmay store one or more sets of instructions and data structures (e.g., software) embodying or used by any one or more of the methodologies or functions described herein. These instructions (e.g., the instructions), when executed by processors, cause various operations to implement the disclosed examples.

1102 1120 1119 1102 The instructionsmay be transmitted or received over the network, using a transmission medium, via a network interface device (e.g., a network interface component included in the communication components) and using any one of several well-known transfer protocols (e.g., hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP)). Similarly, the instructionsmay be transmitted or received using a transmission medium via a coupling (e.g., a peer-to-peer coupling) to the devices.

12 FIG. 1201 1202 1202 1203 1204 1205 1206 1202 1202 1207 1208 1209 1210 1210 1211 1212 1211 is a block diagramillustrating a software architecture, which can be installed on any one or more of the devices described herein. The software architectureis supported by hardware such as a machinethat includes processors, memory, and I/O components. In this example, the software architecturecan be conceptualized as a stack of layers, where each layer provides a particular functionality. The software architectureincludes layers such as an operating system, libraries, frameworks, and applications. Operationally, the applicationsinvoke API callsthrough the software stack and messagesin response to the API calls.

1207 1207 1213 1214 1215 1213 724 726 728 728 The operating systemmanages hardware resources and provides common services. The operating systemincludes, for example, a kernel, services, and drivers. The kernelacts as an abstraction layer between the hardware and the other software layers. For example, the kernelprovides memory management, processor management (e.g., scheduling), component management, networking, and security settings, among other functionalities. The servicescan provide other common services for the other software layers. The driversare responsible for controlling or interfacing with the underlying hardware. For instance, the driverscan include display drivers, camera drivers, BLUETOOTH® or BLUETOOTH® Low Energy drivers, flash memory drivers, serial communication drivers (e.g., USB drivers), WI-FI® drivers, audio drivers, power management drivers, and so forth.

1208 1210 1208 1216 1208 1217 1208 1218 1210 The librariesprovide a common low-level infrastructure used by the applications. The librariescan include system libraries(e.g., C standard library) that provide functions such as memory allocation functions, string manipulation functions, mathematic functions, and the like. In addition, the librariescan include API librariessuch as media libraries (e.g., libraries to support presentation and manipulation of various media formats such as Moving Picture Experts Group-4 (MPEG4), Advanced Video Coding (H.264 or AVC), Moving Picture Experts Group Layer-3 (MP3), Advanced Audio Coding (AAC), Adaptive Multi-Rate (AMR) audio codec, Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG or JPG), or Portable Network Graphics (PNG)), graphics libraries (e.g., an OpenGL framework used to render in two dimensions (2D) and three dimensions (3D) in a graphic content on a display), database libraries (e.g., SQLite to provide various relational database functions), web libraries (e.g., WebKit to provide web browsing functionality), and the like. The librariescan also include a wide variety of other librariesto provide many other APIs to the applications.

1209 1210 1209 1209 1210 The frameworksprovide a common high-level infrastructure that is used by the applications. For example, the frameworksprovide various graphical user interface (GUI) functions, high-level resource management, and high-level location services. The frameworkscan provide a broad spectrum of other APIs that can be used by the applications, some of which may be specific to a particular operating system or platform.

1210 1219 1220 1221 1222 1223 1224 1225 1226 1227 1210 1210 1227 1227 1211 1207 In an example, the applicationsmay include a home application, a contacts application, a browser application, a book reader application, a location application, a media application, a messaging application, a game application, and a broad assortment of other applications such as a third-party application. The applicationsare programs that execute functions defined in the programs. Various programming languages can be employed to create one or more of the applications, structured in a variety of manners, such as object-oriented programming languages (e.g., Objective-C, Java, or C++) or procedural programming languages (e.g., C or assembly language). In a specific example, the third-party application(e.g., an application developed using the ANDROID™ or IOS™ software development kit (SDK) by an entity other than the vendor of the particular platform) may be mobile software running on a mobile operating system such as IOS™, ANDROID™, WINDOWS® Phone, or another mobile operating system. In this example, the third-party applicationcan invoke the API callsprovided by the operating systemto facilitate functionalities described herein.

Circuitry or circuits, as used in this document, may comprise, for example, singly or in any combination, hardwired circuitry, programmable circuitry such as computer processors comprising one or more individual instruction processing cores, state machine circuitry, and/or firmware that stores instructions executed by programmable circuitry. The circuits, circuitry, or modules may, collectively or individually, be embodied as circuitry that forms part of a larger system, for example, an integrated circuit (IC), system on-chip (SoC), desktop computers, laptop computers, tablet computers, servers, smart phones, etc.

As used in any embodiment herein, the term “logic” may refer to firmware and/or circuitry configured to perform any of the aforementioned operations. Firmware may be embodied as code, instructions or instruction sets and/or data that are hard-coded (e.g., nonvolatile) in memory devices and/or circuitry.

“Circuitry,” as used in any embodiment herein, may comprise, for example, singly or in any combination, hardwired circuitry, programmable circuitry, state machine circuitry, logic and/or firmware that stores instructions executed by programmable circuitry. The circuitry may be embodied as an integrated circuit, such as an integrated circuit chip. In some embodiments, the circuitry may be formed, at least in part, by the processor circuitry executing code and/or instructions sets (e.g., software, firmware, etc.) corresponding to the functionality described herein, thus transforming a general-purpose processor into a specific-purpose processing environment to perform one or more of the operations described herein. In some embodiments, the processor circuitry may be embodied as a stand-alone integrated circuit or may be incorporated as one of several components on an integrated circuit. In some embodiments, the various components and circuitry of the node or other systems may be combined in a system-on-a-chip (SoC) architecture.

“Carrier signal” refers, for example, to any intangible medium that is capable of storing, encoding, or carrying instructions for execution by the machine and includes digital or analog communications signals or other intangible media to facilitate communication of such instructions. Instructions may be transmitted or received over a network using a transmission medium via a network interface device.

“Client device” refers, for example, to any machine that interfaces to a communications network to obtain resources from one or more server systems or other client devices. A client device may be, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, desktop computer, laptop, portable digital assistants (PDAs), smartphones, tablets, ultrabooks, netbooks, laptops, multi-processor systems, microprocessor-based or programmable consumer electronics, game consoles, set-top boxes, or any other communication device that a user may use to access a network.

“Communication network” refers, for example, to one or more portions of a network that may be an ad hoc network, an intranet, an extranet, a virtual private network (VPN), a local area network (LAN), a wireless LAN (WLAN), a wide area network (WAN), a wireless WAN (WWAN), a metropolitan area network (MAN), the Internet, a portion of the Internet, a portion of the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN), a plain old telephone service (POTS) network, a cellular telephone network, a wireless network, a Wi-Fi® network, another type of network, or a combination of two or more such networks. For example, a network or a portion of a network may include a wireless or cellular network, and the coupling may be a Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) connection, a Global System for Mobile communications (GSM) connection, or other types of cellular or wireless coupling. In this example, the coupling may implement any of a variety of types of data transfer technology, such as Single Carrier Radio Transmission Technology (1×RTT), Evolution-Data Optimized (EVDO) technology, General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) technology, Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE) technology, third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) including 3G, fourth-generation wireless (4G) networks, Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), High Speed Packet Access (HSPA), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX), Long Term Evolution (LTE) standard, others defined by various standard-setting organizations, other long-range protocols, or other data transfer technology.

“Component” refers, for example, to a device, physical entity, or logic having boundaries defined by function or subroutine calls, branch points, APIs, or other technologies that provide for the partitioning or modularization of particular processing or control functions. Components may be combined via their interfaces with other components to carry out a machine process. A component may be a packaged functional hardware unit designed for use with other components and a part of a program that usually performs a particular function of related functions. Components may constitute either software components (e.g., code embodied on a machine-readable medium) or hardware components. A “hardware component” is a tangible unit capable of performing certain operations and may be configured or arranged in a certain physical manner. In various examples, one or more computer systems (e.g., a standalone computer system, a client computer system, or a server computer system) or one or more hardware components of a computer system (e.g., a processor or a group of processors) may be configured by software (e.g., an application or application portion) as a hardware component that operates to perform certain operations as described herein. A hardware component may also be implemented mechanically, electronically, or any suitable combination thereof. For example, a hardware component may include dedicated circuitry or logic that is permanently configured to perform certain operations. A hardware component may be a special-purpose processor, such as a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). A hardware component may also include programmable logic or circuitry that is temporarily configured by software to perform certain operations. For example, a hardware component may include software executed by a general-purpose processor or other programmable processors. Once configured by such software, hardware components become specific machines (or specific components of a machine) uniquely tailored to perform the configured functions and are no longer general-purpose processors. It will be appreciated that the decision to implement a hardware component mechanically, in dedicated and permanently configured circuitry, or in temporarily configured circuitry (e.g., configured by software), may be driven by cost and time considerations. Accordingly, the phrase “hardware component” (or “hardware-implemented component”) should be understood to encompass a tangible entity, be that an entity that is physically constructed, permanently configured (e.g., hardwired), or temporarily configured (e.g., programmed) to operate in a certain manner or to perform certain operations described herein. Considering examples in which hardware components are temporarily configured (e.g., programmed), each of the hardware components need not be configured or instantiated at any one instance in time. For example, where a hardware component comprises a general-purpose processor configured by software to become a special-purpose processor, the general-purpose processor may be configured as respectively different special-purpose processors (e.g., comprising different hardware components) at different times. Software accordingly configures a particular processor or processors, for example, to constitute a particular hardware component at one instance of time and to constitute a different hardware component at a different instance of time. Hardware components can provide information to, and receive information from, other hardware components. Accordingly, the described hardware components may be regarded as being communicatively coupled. Where multiple hardware components exist contemporaneously, communications may be achieved through signal transmission (e.g., over appropriate circuits and buses) between or among two or more of the hardware components. In examples in which multiple hardware components are configured or instantiated at different times, communications between such hardware components may be achieved, for example, through the storage and retrieval of information in memory structures to which the multiple hardware components have access. For example, one hardware component may perform an operation and store the output of that operation in a memory device to which it is communicatively coupled. A further hardware component may then, at a later time, access the memory device to retrieve and process the stored output. Hardware components may also initiate communications with input or output devices, and can operate on a resource (e.g., a collection of information). The various operations of example methods described herein may be performed, at least partially, by one or more processors that are temporarily configured (e.g., by software) or permanently configured to perform the relevant operations. Whether temporarily or permanently configured, such processors may constitute processor-implemented components that operate to perform one or more operations or functions described herein. As used herein, “processor-implemented component” refers to a hardware component implemented using one or more processors. Similarly, the methods described herein may be at least partially processor-implemented, with a particular processor or processors being an example of hardware. For example, at least some of the operations of a method may be performed by one or more processors or processor-implemented components. Moreover, the one or more processors may also operate to support performance of the relevant operations in a “cloud computing” environment or as a “software as a service” (SaaS). For example, at least some of the operations may be performed by a group of computers (as examples of machines including processors), with these operations being accessible via a network (e.g., the Internet) and via one or more appropriate interfaces (e.g., an API). The performance of certain of the operations may be distributed among the processors, not only residing within a single machine, but deployed across a number of machines. In some examples, the processors or processor-implemented components may be located in a single geographic location (e.g., within a home environment, an office environment, or a server farm). In other examples, the processors or processor-implemented components may be distributed across a number of geographic locations.

“Computer-readable storage medium” refers, for example, to both machine-storage media and transmission media. Thus, the terms include both storage devices/media and carrier waves/modulated data signals. The terms “machine-readable medium,” “computer-readable medium” and “device-readable medium” mean the same thing and may be used interchangeably in this disclosure.

“Ephemeral message” refers, for example, to a message that is accessible for a time-limited duration. An ephemeral message may be a text, an image, a video and the like. The access time for the ephemeral message may be set by the message sender. Alternatively, the access time may be a default setting or a setting specified by the recipient. Regardless of the setting technique, the message is transitory.

“Machine storage medium” refers, for example, to a single or multiple storage devices and media (e.g., a centralized or distributed database, and associated caches and servers) that store executable instructions, routines and data. The term shall accordingly be taken to include, but not be limited to, solid-state memories, and optical and magnetic media, including memory internal or external to processors. Specific examples of machine-storage media, computer-storage media and device-storage media include non-volatile memory, including by way of example semiconductor memory devices, e.g., erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), FPGA, and flash memory devices; magnetic disks such as internal hard disks and removable disks; magneto-optical disks; and CD-ROM and DVD-ROM disks The terms “machine-storage medium,” “device-storage medium,” “computer-storage medium” mean the same thing and may be used interchangeably in this disclosure. The terms “machine-storage media,” “computer-storage media,” and “device-storage media” specifically exclude carrier waves, modulated data signals, and other such media, at least some of which are covered under the term “signal medium.”

“Non-transitory computer-readable storage medium” refers, for example, to a tangible medium that is capable of storing, encoding, or carrying the instructions for execution by a machine.

“Signal medium” refers, for example, to any intangible medium that is capable of storing, encoding, or carrying the instructions for execution by a machine and includes digital or analog communications signals or other intangible media to facilitate communication of software or data. The term “signal medium” shall be taken to include any form of a modulated data signal, carrier wave, and so forth. The term “modulated data signal” means a signal that has one or more of its characteristics set or changed in such a matter as to encode information in the signal. The terms “transmission medium” and “signal medium” mean the same thing and may be used interchangeably in this disclosure.

“User device” refers, for example, to a device accessed, controlled or owned by a user and with which the user interacts perform an action, or an interaction with other users or computer systems. Additional claimable subject matter further includes the following:

Example 1. A user system comprising: at least one processor; and a memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, configure the user system to perform operations comprising: launching a native augmented reality (AR) application together with an external AR application on the user system; determining that usage of the external AR application transgresses a usage budget for the external AR application; and adjusting one or more operations of the external AR application without modifying operation of the native AR application in response to determining that the usage of the external AR application transgresses the usage budget for the external AR application.

Example 2. The user system of Example 1, wherein the operations comprise: estimating an energy usage used by the external AR application, the estimating based on a resource utilization, a resource usage duration, or operating modes.

Example 3. The user system of Example 2, wherein the estimate energy usage comprises estimated power usage for one or more software components used by the external AR application and one or more hardware components used by the external AR application.

Example 4. The user system of any one of Examples 1-3, wherein the usage budget comprises a maximum amount of power available to be consumed by the external AR application.

Example 5. The user system of any one of Examples 1-4, wherein adjusting the one or more operations of the external AR application comprises reducing a frame rate associated with a first user interface (UI) of the external AR application without modifying the frame rate associated with presentation of a second UI of the native AR application.

Example 6. The user system of Example 5, wherein the operations comprise: presenting one or more elements of the first UI at a first frame rate concurrently with presenting one or more elements of the second UI at a second frame rate, the second frame rate being greater than the first frame rate.

Example 7. The user system of any one of Examples 1-6, wherein the operations further comprise: accessing a list of tiers, each tier in the list of tiers being associated with a different priority level; and determining that the native AR application is on a first tier in the list of tiers and that the external AR application is on a second tier in the list of tiers, the second tier being of a lower priority than the first tier.

Example 8. The user system of Example 7, wherein the operations comprise: adjusting one or more operations of the external AR application without modifying operation of the native AR application in response to determining that the native AR application is on the first tier in the list of tiers and that the external AR application is on the second tier in the list of tiers.

Example 9. The user system of any one of Examples 7-8, wherein the operations comprise: identifying a service running on the user system that is on a third tier in the list of tiers, the third tier being of a lower priority than the first and second tiers; and in response to identifying the service that is on the third tier in the list of tiers, reducing usage of the service prior to adjusting the one or more operations of the external AR application.

Example 10. The user system of Example 9, wherein the operations comprise: determining that there exist no remaining services on the third tier which can operate at a reduced usage; and adjusting the operations of the external AR application in response to determining that there exist no remaining services on the third tier which can operate at the reduced usage.

Example 11. The user system of any one of Examples 1-10, wherein the operations further comprise: estimating a temperature usage used by the external AR application as the usage, wherein the usage budget comprises a maximum temperature threshold.

Example 12. The user system of any one of Examples 1-11, wherein the operations further comprise: estimating a battery usage used by the external AR application as the usage, wherein the usage budget comprises a maximum battery usage threshold.

Example 13. The user system of any one of Examples 1-12, wherein the operations further comprise: presenting one or more elements of the native AR application on a hand of a user associated with the user system at a nominal frame rate associated with the native AR application in response to determining that the usage of the external AR application transgresses the usage budget for the external AR application.

Example 14. The user system of any one of Examples 1-13, wherein the operations further comprise: launching the external AR application by the native AR application; and monitoring usage of the external AR application by the native AR application.

Example 15. The user system of Example 14, wherein the operations further comprise: receiving, by the native AR application, a message from the external AR application associated with the user, the message specifying a time interval during which the usage of the external AR application will transgress the usage budget.

Example 16. The user system of Example 15, wherein the operations comprise: delaying the adjusting of the one or more operations of the external AR application without modifying operation of the native AR application based on the message.

Example 17. The user system of Example 16, wherein the operations comprise: initiating a timer in response to determining that the usage of the external AR application transgresses the usage budget for the external AR application; and delaying the adjusting of the one or more operations of the external AR application without modifying operation of the native AR application while the timer fails to transgress the time interval.

Example 18. The user system of Example 17, wherein the operations comprise: adjusting of the one or more operations of the external AR application without modifying operation of the native AR application in response to determining that the timer transgresses the time interval and in response to determining that the usage of the external AR application continues to transgress the usage budget.

Example 19. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium including instructions that, when processed by a user system, configure the user system to perform operations comprising: launching a native augmented reality (AR) application together with an external AR application on the user system; determining that usage of the external AR application transgresses a usage budget for the external AR application; and adjusting one or more operations of the external AR application without modifying operation of the native AR application in response to determining that the usage of the external AR application transgresses the usage budget for the external AR application.

Example 20. A method performed on a user system, the method comprising: launching a native augmented reality (AR) application together with an external AR application on the user system; determining that usage of the external AR application transgresses a usage budget for the external AR application; and adjusting one or more operations of the external AR application without modifying operation of the native AR application in response to determining that the usage of the external AR application transgresses the usage budget for the external AR application.