Communication Method and Apparatus

This application is a continuation of International Application No. PCT/CN2024/097371, filed on Jun. 4, 2024, which claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202310674780.7, filed on Jun. 7, 2023. The disclosures of the aforementioned applications are hereby incorporated by reference in their entireties.

The embodiments relate to the field of communication, for example, to a communication method and apparatus.

In non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication, non-terrestrial network devices such as satellites or high altitude platform station (HAPS) devices may be used to implement communication services for terminals. In the NTN, the terminals perform cell handover due to high-speed movement of the non-terrestrial network devices.

In an existing handover procedure, a network device may configure a plurality of candidate cells for a terminal, and the terminal may measure the plurality of candidate cells, determine a target cell from the plurality of candidate cells, and access the target cell to complete handover. For the NTN communication, in consideration of periodic high-speed movement of non-terrestrial network devices, candidate cells generally cover a terminal device in sequence. In other words, the candidate cells generally do not provide coverage for the terminal at the same time. The terminal hands over to target cells successively in a sequence in which the non-terrestrial network devices provide coverage for the terminal.

Therefore, in the NTN, if a network device configures a plurality of candidate cells for a terminal, and the terminal performs measurement on all the configured candidate cells, invalid measurement is caused, resulting in energy waste of the terminal.

The embodiments provide a communication method and apparatus, to resolve a problem of energy waste of a terminal caused by measuring all configured candidate cells by the terminal.

To achieve the foregoing objective, the embodiments use the following solutions.

According to a first aspect, a communication method is provided. The method includes: determining at least one candidate cell; and sending first indication information to a terminal, where the first indication information indicates a condition for the terminal to perform measurement on the at least one candidate cell.

According to the communication method provided in the embodiments, a network device indicates, to the terminal, the condition for performing the measurement on the at least one candidate cell, so that the terminal can start measurement on a candidate cell that meets the measurement execution condition in the at least one candidate cell. This can avoid that the terminal performs measurement on all configured candidate cells, and resolve a problem of energy waste caused by invalid measurement.

In an embodiment, the first indication information indicates time information for starting measurement on one or more candidate cells in the at least one candidate cell. The network device may indicate, to the terminal, the time information for starting the measurement on the candidate cells, so that the terminal may determine, based on the time information, start time for separately performing measurement on different candidate cells. This can avoid a problem of terminal energy waste caused by measuring all candidate cells by the terminal, and improve indication flexibility.

In an embodiment, time of starting measurement on each candidate cell is not earlier than coverage start time of the candidate cell. In other words, a moment at which the terminal starts the measurement on each candidate cell may be later than a moment at which coverage of the candidate cell for the terminal starts, or a moment at which coverage of the candidate cell for the terminal starts may be used as a moment at which the measurement is started on the candidate cell, to avoid that the terminal starts measurement on a candidate cell that does not provide a service.

In an embodiment, the first indication information includes coordinated universal time (UTC) information for starting the measurement on the one or more candidate cells.

In an embodiment, the first indication information includes coverage start time of the one or more candidate cells. The terminal may autonomously determine, based on the coverage start time of the candidate cell, the time for starting the measurement on the candidate cell, to avoid invalid measurement on the candidate cell.

In an embodiment, the first indication information indicates the terminal to determine, based on a distance or an angle between the terminal and a reference point corresponding to one or more candidate cells in the at least one candidate cell, to start measurement on the one or more candidate cells. In the foregoing embodiment, a value of a distance or an angle between the terminal and a satellite corresponding to a candidate cell may be used as a determining condition for performing measurement on the candidate cell, to avoid invalid measurement on the candidate cell and improve indication flexibility.

In an embodiment, the method further includes: sending a first threshold to the terminal, where the first threshold indicates to start the measurement on the candidate cells when a distance between the terminal and a reference point corresponding to the candidate cells meets a distance range corresponding to the first threshold; or sending a second threshold to the terminal, where the second threshold indicates to start the measurement on the candidate cells when an angle between the terminal and a reference point corresponding to the candidate cells meets an angle range corresponding to the second threshold. A threshold of a distance or angle threshold for starting the measurement on the candidate cell is set, so that when cell handover is performed, the value of the distance or the angle between the terminal and the satellite corresponding to the candidate cell is calculated, and is compared with the set distance threshold or angle threshold to determine whether to start the measurement on the candidate cell, thereby improving indication flexibility.

In an embodiment, the first threshold or the second threshold is carried in the first indication information or a radio resource control (RRC) reconfiguration message.

In an embodiment, the first indication information includes location information of the reference point.

In an embodiment, the first indication information further includes ephemeris information and reference time of the ephemeris information.

In an embodiment, the first indication information indicates the terminal to start measurement only on one or more candidate cells for a next time of cell handover.

In an embodiment, the first indication information is carried in the RRC reconfiguration message.

In an embodiment, the method may be applied to NTN communication.

According to a second aspect, a communication method is provided. The method is applied to a terminal. The method includes: receiving first indication information from a network device, where the first indication information indicates a condition for the terminal to perform measurement on at least one candidate cell.

In an embodiment, the first indication information indicates time information for starting measurement on one or more candidate cells in the at least one candidate cell.

In an embodiment, time of starting measurement on each candidate cell is not earlier than coverage start time of the candidate cell.

In an embodiment, the first indication information includes UTC information for starting the measurement on the one or more candidate cells.

In an embodiment, the first indication information includes coverage start time of the one or more candidate cells.

In an embodiment, the first indication information indicates the terminal to determine, based on a distance or an angle between the terminal and a reference point corresponding to one or more candidate cells in the at least one candidate cell, to start measurement on the one or more candidate cells.

In an embodiment, the method further includes: sending a first threshold to the terminal; and starting the measurement on the candidate cells when a distance between the terminal and a reference point corresponding to the candidate cells meets a distance range corresponding to the first threshold; or sending a second threshold to the terminal; and starting the measurement on the candidate cells when an angle between the terminal and a reference point corresponding to the candidate cells meets an angle range corresponding to the second threshold.

In an embodiment, the first indication information includes location information of the reference point.

In an embodiment, the first indication information further includes ephemeris information and reference time of the ephemeris information.

In an embodiment, the first indication information indicates the terminal to start measurement only on one or more candidate cells for a next time of cell handover.

In an embodiment, the method may be applied to NTN communication.

According to a third aspect, a communication method is provided. The method is applied to a network device. The method includes: determining at least one candidate cell; and sending second indication information to a terminal, where the second indication information indicates to delete, after the terminal hands over to a target cell, configuration information of the at least one candidate cell and/or configuration information of a source cell for a current time of cell handover. In the foregoing embodiment, the network device may indicate the terminal to delete the configuration information of the candidate cell and/or the configuration information of the source cell after the cell handover is completed. Correspondingly, the network device may release a corresponding cell resource, to avoid long-time invalid resource reservation and effectively improve resource utilization.

In an embodiment, the second indication information includes first duration, and the first duration indicates to delete, after the first duration expires or times out, configuration information of at least one candidate cell and/or the configuration information of the source cell for the current time of cell handover.

In an embodiment, the second indication information indicates the terminal to delete, after the terminal performs L1/L2 triggered mobility (LTM) handover, the configuration information of the at least one candidate cell and/or the configuration information of the source cell for the current time of cell handover.

In an embodiment, the method further includes: receiving identification information of at least one candidate cell from the terminal. Therefore, the network device may release a resource of the candidate cell based on the received identification information of the candidate cell, to improve resource utilization.

In an embodiment, the method further includes: receiving a cell handover completion indication message from the terminal; and releasing a resource of at least one candidate cell corresponding to the current time of cell handover of the terminal. In other words, after the terminal completes the cell handover, the network device may initiate resource release for the candidate cell, to improve resource utilization.

In an embodiment, the method further includes: receiving a request message for releasing a candidate cell resource from the terminal; and releasing the resource of the at least one candidate cell corresponding to the current time of cell handover of the terminal. The terminal may initiate a resource release request to the network device, so that the network device can release a resource for the candidate cell based on the request of the terminal, to improve resource utilization.

In an embodiment, if the network device accessed by the terminal includes a central unit (CU) and a distributed unit (DU), releasing the resource of the candidate cell corresponding to the current time of cell handover of the terminal includes: the DU sends a release request to the CU, to request to release the resource of the candidate cell; the CU determines, based on the release request, to release the resource of the candidate cell, and sends a release response to the DU; and the DU releases, based on the release response, the resource of the candidate cell corresponding to the current time of cell handover of the terminal.

In an embodiment, the terminal performs cell handover between a plurality of candidate cells corresponding to one DU, or performs cell handover between a plurality of candidate cells corresponding to a plurality of DUs, where the plurality of DUs correspond to a same CU.

In an embodiment, if the network device accessed by the terminal includes a CU and a DU, releasing the resource of the candidate cell corresponding to the current time of cell handover of the terminal includes: the CU sends a release request to a CU corresponding to the target cell, to request to release the resource of the candidate cell; the CU corresponding to the target cell sends, based on the release request, a release request to a DU corresponding to the target cell, to request to release the resource of the candidate cell; and the DU corresponding to the target cell deletes, based on the release request, the resource of the candidate cell corresponding to the current time of cell handover of the terminal.

In an embodiment, the terminal hands over from a source cell corresponding to the CU to the target cell, where the CU corresponding to the target cell is different from the CU.

In an embodiment, the method may be applied to NTN communication.

According to a fourth aspect, a communication method is provided. The method is applied to a terminal. The method includes: receiving second indication information from a network device; handing over to a target cell; and deleting, based on the second indication information, configuration information of a source cell and/or configuration information of at least one candidate cell for a current time of cell handover.

In an embodiment, the second indication information includes first duration, and deleting the configuration information of the source cell and the configuration information of the at least one candidate cell for the current time of cell handover includes: after the first duration expires or times out, deleting the configuration information of the source cell and/or the configuration information of the at least one candidate cell for the current time of cell handover.

In an embodiment, the second indication information indicates the terminal to delete, after the terminal performs LTM handover, the configuration information of the source cell and/or the configuration information of the at least one candidate cell for the current time of cell handover.

In an embodiment, the method further includes: sending identification information of the at least one candidate cell to the network device, where the identification information indicates the terminal to delete the configuration information of the at least one candidate cell.

In an embodiment, the method may be applied to NTN communication.

According to a fifth aspect, a communication method is provided. The method is applied to a network device. The method includes: determining at least one candidate cell corresponding to a terminal; and sending an RRC reconfiguration message to the terminal, where the RRC reconfiguration message includes first configuration information, the first configuration information includes configuration information of the at least one candidate cell, and different terminals correspond to different first configuration information; broadcasting second configuration information, where the second configuration information includes configuration information of a part of the at least one candidate cell, the part of the candidate cell is candidate cells corresponding to a next time of cell handover performed by the terminal, and different candidate cells correspond to different second configuration information.

In the foregoing embodiment, a network side broadcasts common configuration information of the candidate cell through a broadcast message, so that when sending the configuration information of the candidate cell to the terminal, the network side may not send the common configuration information of the candidate cell to each terminal. This reduces signaling overheads generated when the candidate cell is configured. Further, when the network side configures candidate cells for a plurality of times of cell handover for the terminal, a current serving cell may broadcast only common configuration information of a candidate cell on which the terminal performs a next time of cell handover, so that signaling overheads caused by broadcasting the common configuration information of the candidate cell by the network device can be reduced.

In an embodiment, the method further includes: receiving a cell handover completion indication message from the terminal; and releasing a resource of at least one candidate cell corresponding to the current time of cell handover of the terminal. After the terminal completes the cell handover, the network device may initiate resource release for the candidate cell, to improve resource utilization.

In an embodiment, the method further includes: receiving a request message for releasing a candidate cell resource from the terminal; and releasing the resource of the at least one candidate cell corresponding to the current time of cell handover of the terminal.

In an embodiment, if the network device accessed by the terminal includes a CU and a DU, releasing the resource of the candidate cell corresponding to the current time of cell handover of the terminal includes: the DU sends a release request to the CU, to request to release the resource of the candidate cell; the CU determines, based on the release request, to release the resource of the candidate cell, and sends a release response to the DU; and the DU releases, based on the release response, the resource of the candidate cell corresponding to the current time of cell handover of the terminal.

In an embodiment, the terminal performs cell handover between a plurality of candidate cells corresponding to one DU, or performs cell handover between a plurality of candidate cells corresponding to a plurality of DUs, where the plurality of DUs correspond to a same CU.

In an embodiment, if the network device accessed by the terminal includes a CU and a DU, releasing the resource of the candidate cell corresponding to the current time of cell handover of the terminal includes: the CU sends a release request to a CU corresponding to the target cell, to request to release the resource of the candidate cell; the CU corresponding to the target cell sends, based on the release request, a release request to a DU corresponding to the target cell, to request to release the resource of the candidate cell; and the DU corresponding to the target cell deletes, based on the release request, the resource of the candidate cell corresponding to the current time of cell handover of the terminal.

In an embodiment, the terminal hands over from a source cell corresponding to the CU to the target cell, where the CU corresponding to the target cell is different from the CU.

In an embodiment, the method may be applied to NTN communication.

According to a sixth aspect, a communication method is provided. The method is applied to a terminal. The method includes: receiving an RRC reconfiguration message from a network device, where the RRC reconfiguration message includes first configuration information, the first configuration information includes configuration information of at least one candidate cell, and different terminals correspond to different first configuration information; and receiving second configuration information broadcast by the network device, where the second configuration information includes configuration information of a part of the at least one candidate cell, the part of the candidate cell is candidate cells corresponding to a next time of cell handover performed by the terminal, and different candidate cells correspond to different second configuration information.

In an embodiment, the method further includes: performing cell handover based on the RRC reconfiguration message to hand over to a target cell; and sending a cell handover completion indication message to the network device, where the cell handover completion indication message indicates the network device to release a resource of at least one candidate cell corresponding to the current time of cell handover of the terminal.

In an embodiment, the method further includes: performing cell handover based on the RRC reconfiguration message, to hand over to a target cell; and sending, to the network device, a request message for releasing a candidate cell resource, where the request message indicates the network device to release a resource of a candidate cell corresponding to the terminal.

In an embodiment, the method may be applied to NTN communication.

According to a seventh aspect, a communication apparatus is provided, where the apparatus includes: a processing module, configured to determine at least one candidate cell; and a transceiver module, configured to send first indication information to a terminal, where the first indication information indicates a condition for the terminal to perform measurement on the at least one candidate cell.

In an embodiment, the first indication information indicates time information for starting measurement on one or more candidate cells in the at least one candidate cell.

In an embodiment, time of starting measurement on each candidate cell is not earlier than coverage start time of the candidate cell.

In an embodiment, the first indication information includes UTC information for starting the measurement on the one or more candidate cells.

In an embodiment, the first indication information includes coverage start time of the one or more candidate cells.

In an embodiment, the first indication information indicates the terminal to determine, based on a distance or an angle between the terminal and a reference point corresponding to one or more candidate cells in the at least one candidate cell, to start measurement on the one or more candidate cells.

In an embodiment, the transceiver module is further configured to: send a first threshold to the terminal, where the first threshold indicates to start the measurement on the candidate cells when a distance between the terminal and a reference point corresponding to the candidate cells meets a distance range corresponding to the first threshold; or send a second threshold to the terminal, where the second threshold indicates to start the measurement on the candidate cells when an angle between the terminal and a reference point corresponding to the candidate cells meets an angle range corresponding to the second threshold.

In an embodiment, the first threshold or the second threshold is carried in the first indication information or an RRC reconfiguration message.

In an embodiment, the first indication information includes location information of the reference point.

In an embodiment, the first indication information further includes ephemeris information and reference time of the ephemeris information.

In an embodiment, the first indication information indicates the terminal to start measurement only on one or more candidate cells for a next time of cell handover.

In an embodiment, the first indication information is carried in the RRC reconfiguration message.

In an embodiment, the communication apparatus may be used in NTN communication.

According to an eighth aspect, a communication apparatus is provided. The apparatus includes a transceiver module, configured to receive first indication information from a network device, where the first indication information indicates a condition for a terminal to perform measurement on at least one candidate cell.

In an embodiment, the first indication information indicates time information for starting measurement on one or more candidate cells in the at least one candidate cell.

In an embodiment, time of starting measurement on each candidate cell is not earlier than coverage start time of the candidate cell.

In an embodiment, the first indication information includes UTC information for starting the measurement on the one or more candidate cells.

In an embodiment, the first indication information includes coverage start time of the one or more candidate cells.

In an embodiment, the first indication information indicates the terminal to determine, based on a distance or an angle between the terminal and a reference point corresponding to one or more candidate cells in the at least one candidate cell, to start measurement on the one or more candidate cells.

In an embodiment, the transceiver module is further configured to: send a first threshold to the terminal; and start the measurement on the candidate cells when a distance between the terminal and a reference point corresponding to the candidate cells meets a distance range corresponding to the first threshold; or send a second threshold to the terminal; and start the measurement on the candidate cells when an angle between the terminal and a reference point corresponding to the candidate cells meets an angle range corresponding to the second threshold.

In an embodiment, the first indication information includes location information of the reference point.

In an embodiment, the first indication information further includes ephemeris information and reference time of the ephemeris information.

In an embodiment, the first indication information indicates the terminal to start measurement only on one or more candidate cells for a next time of cell handover.

In an embodiment, the communication apparatus may be used in NTN communication.

According to a ninth aspect, a communication apparatus is provided, where the apparatus includes: a processing module, configured to determine at least one candidate cell; and a transceiver module, configured to send second indication information to a terminal, where the second indication information indicates to delete, after the terminal hands over to a target cell, configuration information of the at least one candidate cell and/or configuration information of a source cell for a current time of cell handover.

In an embodiment, the second indication information includes first duration, and the first duration indicates to delete, after the first duration expires or times out, configuration information of at least one candidate cell and/or the configuration information of the source cell for the current time of cell handover.

In an embodiment, the second indication information indicates the terminal to delete, after the terminal performs L1/L2 triggered mobility LTM handover, the configuration information of the at least one candidate cell and/or the configuration information of the source cell for the current time of cell handover.

In an embodiment, the transceiver module is further configured to receive identification information of at least one candidate cell from the terminal.

In an embodiment, the transceiver module is further configured to receive a cell handover completion indication message from the terminal; and the apparatus further includes a processing module, configured to release a resource of at least one candidate cell corresponding to the current time of cell handover of the terminal.

In an embodiment, the transceiver module is further configured to receive a request message for releasing a candidate cell resource from the terminal; and the apparatus further includes a processing module, configured to release the resource of the at least one candidate cell corresponding to the current time of cell handover of the terminal.

In an embodiment, if the communication apparatus includes a CU and a DU, releasing the resource of the candidate cell corresponding to the current time of cell handover of the terminal includes: the DU sends a release request to the CU, to request to release the resource of the candidate cell; the CU determines, based on the release request, to release the resource of the candidate cell, and sends a release response to the DU; and the DU releases, based on the release response, the resource of the candidate cell corresponding to the current time of cell handover of the terminal.

In an embodiment, the terminal performs cell handover between a plurality of candidate cells corresponding to one DU, or performs cell handover between a plurality of candidate cells corresponding to a plurality of DUs, where the plurality of DUs correspond to a same CU.

In an embodiment, if the communication apparatus includes a CU and a DU, releasing the resource of the candidate cell corresponding to the current time of cell handover of the terminal includes: the CU sends a release request to a CU corresponding to the target cell, to request to release the resource of the candidate cell; the CU corresponding to the target cell sends, based on the release request, a release request to a DU corresponding to the target cell, to request to release the resource of the candidate cell; and the DU corresponding to the target cell deletes, based on the release request, the resource of the candidate cell corresponding to the current time of cell handover of the terminal.

In an embodiment, the terminal hands over from a source cell corresponding to the CU to the target cell, where the CU corresponding to the target cell is different from the CU.

In an embodiment, the communication apparatus may be used in NTN communication.

According to a tenth aspect, a communication apparatus is provided. The communication apparatus includes: a transceiver module, configured to receive second indication information from a network device; and a processing module, configured to hand over to a target cell. The processing module is further configured to delete, based on the second indication information, configuration information of a source cell and/or configuration information of at least one candidate cell for a current time of cell handover.

In an embodiment, the second indication information includes first duration, and the processing module is configured to: after the first duration expires or times out, delete the configuration information of the source cell and/or the configuration information of the at least one candidate cell for the current time of cell handover.

In an embodiment, the second indication information indicates a terminal to delete, after the terminal performs LTM handover, the configuration information of the source cell and/or the configuration information of the at least one candidate cell for the current time of cell handover.

In an embodiment, the transceiver module is further configured to send identification information of the at least one candidate cell to the network device, where the identification information indicates the terminal to delete the configuration information of the at least one candidate cell.

In an embodiment, the communication apparatus may be used in NTN communication.

According to an eleventh aspect, a communication apparatus is provided. The apparatus includes: a processing module, configured to determine at least one candidate cell corresponding to a terminal; and a transceiver module, configured to send an RRC reconfiguration message to the terminal, where the RRC reconfiguration message includes first configuration information, the first configuration information includes configuration information of the at least one candidate cell, and different terminals correspond to different first configuration information. The transceiver module is further configured to broadcast second configuration information, where the second configuration information includes configuration information of a part of the at least one candidate cell, the part of the candidate cell is candidate cells corresponding to a next time of cell handover performed by the terminal, and different candidate cells correspond to different second configuration information.

In an embodiment, the transceiver module is further configured to: receive a cell handover completion indication message from the terminal; and release a resource of at least one candidate cell corresponding to a current time of cell handover of the terminal.

In an embodiment, the transceiver module is further configured to: receive a request message for releasing a candidate cell resource from the terminal; and release the resource of the at least one candidate cell corresponding to the current time of cell handover of the terminal.

In an embodiment, if the communication apparatus includes a CU and a DU, releasing the resource of the candidate cell corresponding to the current time of cell handover of the terminal includes: the DU sends a release request to the CU, to request to release the resource of the candidate cell; the CU determines, based on the release request, to release the resource of the candidate cell, and sends a release response to the DU; and the DU releases, based on the release response, the resource of the candidate cell corresponding to the current time of cell handover of the terminal.

In an embodiment, the terminal performs cell handover between a plurality of candidate cells corresponding to one DU, or performs cell handover between a plurality of candidate cells corresponding to a plurality of DUs, where the plurality of DUs correspond to a same CU.

In an embodiment, if the communication apparatus includes a CU and a DU, releasing the resource of the candidate cell corresponding to the current time of cell handover of the terminal includes: the CU sends a release request to a CU corresponding to the target cell, to request to release the resource of the candidate cell; the CU corresponding to the target cell sends, based on the release request, a release request to a DU corresponding to the target cell, to request to release the resource of the candidate cell; and the DU corresponding to the target cell deletes, based on the release request, the resource of the candidate cell corresponding to the current time of cell handover of the terminal.

In an embodiment, the terminal hands over from a source cell corresponding to the CU to the target cell, where the CU corresponding to the target cell is different from the CU.

In an embodiment, the communication apparatus may be used in NTN communication.

According to a twelfth aspect, a communication apparatus is provided. The apparatus includes a transceiver module, configured to: receive an RRC reconfiguration message from a network device, where the RRC reconfiguration message includes first configuration information, the first configuration information includes configuration information of at least one candidate cell, and different terminals correspond to different first configuration information; and receive second configuration information broadcast by the network device, where the second configuration information includes configuration information of a part of the at least one candidate cell, the part of the candidate cell is candidate cells corresponding to a next time of cell handover performed by a terminal, and different candidate cells correspond to different second configuration information.

In an embodiment, the apparatus further includes a processing module, configured to perform cell handover based on the RRC reconfiguration message to hand over to a target cell. The transceiver module is further configured to send a cell handover completion indication message to the network device, where the cell handover completion indication message indicates the network device to release a resource of at least one candidate cell corresponding to the current time of cell handover of the terminal.

In an embodiment, the apparatus further includes a processing module, configured to perform cell handover based on the RRC reconfiguration message, to hand over to a target cell. The transceiver module is further configured to send, to the network device, a request message for releasing a candidate cell resource, where the request message indicates the network device to release a resource of a candidate cell corresponding to the terminal.

In an embodiment, the communication apparatus may be used in NTN communication.

According to a thirteenth aspect, a communication apparatus is provided. The apparatus includes one or more processors and one or more memories. The one or more memories are coupled to the one or more processors, the one or more memories are configured to store computer program code, the computer program code includes computer instructions, and when the one or more processors execute the computer instructions, the communication apparatus is enabled to perform the method according to any one of the first aspect to the sixth aspect.

According to a fourteenth aspect, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium is provided. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions; and when the computer-executable instructions are invoked by a computer, the computer-executable instructions are used to enable the computer to perform the method according to any one of the first aspect to the sixth aspect.

According to a fifteenth aspect, a computer program product including instructions is provided. When the computer program product runs on a computer, the computer is enabled to perform the method according to any one of the first aspect to the sixth aspect.

According to a sixteenth aspect, a chip is provided. The chip is coupled to a memory, and is configured to: read and execute program instructions stored in the memory, to implement the method according to any one of the first aspect to the sixth aspect.

It may be understood that any communication apparatus, non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, computer program product, or chip provided in the seventh aspect to the sixteenth aspect may be implemented by using the corresponding method provided above. Therefore, for beneficial effect that can be achieved, refer to beneficial effect in the corresponding method provided above. Details are not described herein again.

The following describes the solutions in embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings in embodiments.

An implementation environment and an application scenario of embodiments are briefly described first.

Solutions in embodiments may be applied to an non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication system. The following describes the solutions in the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

NTN communication is a deployment scenario of a non-terrestrial network including a satellite system, a high altitude platform station (HAPS), or the like. In the NTN communication, a wireless communication service is implemented through a wide-area coverage capability of a non-terrestrial network device like a satellite. The non-terrestrial network device described in the embodiments may also be referred to as an air network device, for example, a network device that may be deployed in the air, including a satellite, a HAPS device, an uncrewed aerial vehicle device, or the like. This is not limited. In the embodiments, an example in which a satellite is used as an air network device is used for description.

1 FIG. 1 FIG. 1 FIG. 1 FIG. 1 FIG. 1 FIG. 100 110 100 120 110 120 110 1 2 1 2 1 2 To help understand embodiments, a communication system usable in embodiments is first described with reference to.is a diagram of an architecture of a communication system applicable to an embodiment. As shown in, the communication systemmay include at least one network device, for example, a network deviceshown in, and the communication systemmay further include at least one terminal device, for example, a terminal deviceshown in. The network deviceand the terminal devicemay communicate with each other through a radio link. For example, as shown in, the network devicemay manage a celland a cell, and provide a communication service for terminal devices located in the celland the cell. However, when a terminal device is located in an overlapping area of the celland the cell, a handover process described in this embodiment occurs. The handover in the embodiments is a process in which the terminal device moves in a service state and changes a serving cell.

100 It should be understood that the network device in the communication systemmay include an access network device, and is a radio access network (RAN) node (or device) that connects a terminal to a wireless network, for example, a base station.

Examples of some RAN nodes are: a next generation NodeB (gNB), a transmission reception point (TRP), an evolved NodeB (eNB), a radio network controller (RNC), a NodeB (NB), a base station controller (BSC), a base transceiver station (BTS), a home base station (for example, a home evolved NodeB, or a home NodeB, HNB), a baseband unit (BBU), and the like. In addition, the RAN node may also be a device that provides a base station function in device-to-device (D2D) communication, vehicle to everything (V2X) communication, or machine-type communication (MTC), a satellite, a base station in a future communication system, or the like. This is not limited.

2 FIG. 1 1 1 1 1 In addition, in a network structure, the access network device may include a central unit (CU) node and/or a distributed unit (DU) node. As shown in, in a gNB including a CU node and a DU node, functions of a part of protocol layers are centrally controlled in a CU, and functions of a part or all of remaining protocol layers are distributed in a DU, and the CU controls the DU in a centralized manner. Further, the CU may be further divided into a control plane (CU-CP) and a user plane (CU-UP). The CU-CP is used for a control plane function, and includes an RRC layer and a PDCP layer corresponding to the control plane, such as, a PDCP-C layer. The CU-UP is used for a user plane function, and may include an SDAP layer and a PDCP layer corresponding to the user plane, such as, a PDCP-U layer. The CU-CP and the CU-UP are connected through an Einterface. On behalf of the gNB, the CU-CP is connected to a core network through an NG interface, and is connected to the DU through an Finterface-control plane, such as, F-C. The CU-UP is connected to the DU through an Finterface-user plane, such as, F-U. In another possible embodiment, the PDCP-C layer is also in the CU-UP.

In different systems, the CU (including a CU-CP or a CU-UP) or the DU may also have different names, but a person skilled in the art may understand meanings thereof. For example, in an open radio access network (O-RAN) system, a CU may also be referred to as an O-CU (open CU), a DU may also be referred to as an O-DU, a CU-CP may also be referred to as an O-CU-CP, and a CU-UP may also be referred to as an O-CU-UP.

100 The terminal device in the communication systemmay also be referred to as a terminal, a subscriber unit, a subscriber station, a mobile station, a mobile console, a remote station, a remote terminal device, a mobile device, user equipment (UE), a wireless communication device, a user agent, or a user apparatus. The terminal device provided in the embodiments may be used in various communication scenarios, for example, D2D communication, V2X communication, MTC, Internet of Things (IOT), virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), industrial control, self-driving, remote medical, smart grid, smart furniture, smart office, smart wearable, smart transportation, and smart city. The terminal device may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a computer with a wireless transceiver function, a wearable device, an aerospace device, an uncrewed aerial vehicle device, or the like. In embodiments, a chip used in the foregoing device may also be referred to as a terminal device.

1 FIG. 130 130 130 130 In addition, as shown in, the communication system may further include a gateway. The gatewaymay provide communication services for a beam coverage area of a network device, for example, a satellite. The gatewaymay be configured to connect the base station to the core network. In addition, as a management, switching and control center of a non-terrestrial communication system, the gatewaymay be used for processing such as signal access, user authentication management, service admission control and data exchange in an NTN system.

1 FIG. The following describes an implementation environment of the embodiments in detail by using an example in which the communication system shown inis used in an NTN communication scenario.

110 110 120 1 FIG. 1 FIG. The NTN system may include at least one air network device. The network deviceshown inis an air network device. For example, the network devicemay be a satellite. The NTN system may further include at least one terminal device, for example, the terminal deviceshown in.

The satellite may be an artificial earth satellite serving as a radio communication relay station. The satellite implements radio communication between the satellite and earth stations or between earth stations and a spacecraft by forwarding radio signals. The satellite may perform transmission of information such as a telephone, a telegram, a fax, data, and a television.

120 3 FIG. According to a working mode of the satellite, the satellite can work in a transparent transmission mode or a regeneration mode. When the satellite works in the transparent transmission mode, the satellite, serving as a relay forwarding device, may forward a signal of another network device or the terminal device. This may be used as enhanced processing for terrestrial network coverage. The satellite is used to filter, convert, and amplify radio frequencies. For example, the satellite is used for L1 (layer 1) forwarding, regenerates a signal at a physical layer, and does not have a function of another higher protocol layer. As shown in, transparent forwarding may be performed between a terminal and a base station through a satellite, to implement communication with a 5G core network and a data network.

130 120 130 120 In a scenario, when the satellite works in the transparent transmission mode, the satellite may be used as a relay forwarding device between the gatewayand the terminal device, and is configured to forward a communication signal between the gatewayand the terminal device.

120 120 4 FIG. When the satellite works in the regeneration mode, the satellite has a signal processing capability. It may be understood that the satellite has a processing function of the base station, and can send a signal to another network device or the terminal device, to provide a communication service for the terminal device. As shown in, the terminal establishes wireless communication with the satellite through a Uu interface, to implement communication with the 5G core network and the data network.

In addition, when satellites work in the regeneration working mode, the satellites may be further classified into a regeneration satellite without an inter-satellite link and a regeneration satellite with an inter-satellite link depending on whether there is an inter-satellite link (ISL) between the satellites. It may be understood that there is an ISL between satellites, for example, there is an interface between the satellites that may be used to directly exchange data. For example, the interface of the inter-satellite link may be an Xn interface, and the satellites may exchange data through the Xn interface. In addition, in a scenario, the regeneration satellite may have a DU processing function of the base station, and the satellite may be used as a DU node.

Satellites can be classified into a geostationary earth orbit (GEO) satellite, a medium earth orbit (MEO) satellite, and a low earth orbit (LEO) satellite based on an altitude of a satellite operating orbit. A higher orbit of a satellite indicates a larger coverage area of a serving cell corresponding to the satellite and a longer communication delay. For example, a GEO is a synchronous earth satellite orbit, and a satellite operating in this orbit is stationary relative to the ground. A LEO and a MEO are collectively referred to as a not geosynchronous orbit (NGSO), and a satellite operating in this type of orbit moves at a high speed relative to the ground.

For the NGSO, depending on whether beams of a satellite move with the satellite, an earth moving cell and an earth fixed cell may be further obtained through classification.

5 FIG. 1 1 2 2 For the earth moving cell, a direction of a beam of a satellite moves with the satellite. Therefore, a cell range covered by the beam of the satellite moves relative to the ground. As shown in, the satellite covers a cellat a moment T, and a cell covered by the satellite at a moment Tis a cell. It can be understood that, as a satellite moves at a high speed, there are constantly terminals connecting the satellite and then disconnecting from the satellite. For the NGSO, high-speed movement of a satellite causes frequent handover of users, and frequent handover of a large quantity of users cause large signaling overheads.

6 FIG. 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 For the earth fixed cell, within predetermined time, a satellite antenna may use a beamforming capability of the satellite antenna to point a beam to an area on the ground (which may be referred to as gaze). Therefore, a cell range covered by the beam of a satellite is fixed relative to the ground. As shown in, a satellitecovers a cellfrom a moment Tto a moment T. After the moment T, gazing at the cellof by the satelliteends, and a satellitecovers the cellwithin a period of time. Therefore, when a satellite is about to move out of a gazed-at cell range, all terminals in the cellmay hand over to a cell covered by a next satellite. For example, the terminals may hand over from the satelliteto the satellite. Similarly, simultaneous handover of a large quantity of terminals causes large signaling overheads, and causes a signaling storm, thereby causing signaling congestion.

A handover procedure of a terminal can be controlled by a network device. For example, the network device sends a handover message to indicate a cell to which the terminal hands over and how to perform the handover. After receiving the handover message, the terminal accesses a target cell based on content included in the handover message. Therefore, a network side may obtain an identifier of the target cell.

7 FIG. As shown in, a communication system may include: UE that performs handover; an access network device to which a source cell belongs, such as, a source base station; and an access network device to which a target cell belongs, such as, a target base station. A handover procedure may include the following steps or operations.

701 : the source base station sends an RRC reconfiguration message to the UE.

The RRC reconfiguration message is used to indicate the UE to perform measurement, and may include at least one of the following parameters: a measurement object, a report configuration, a measurement identifier, and the like.

702 : the UE sends a measurement report to the source base station.

The UE performs measurement based on a measurement configuration in the RRC reconfiguration message, generates the measurement report, and sends the measurement report to the source base station, to report various measurement events to the source base station.

701 702 Step or operationand step or operationare optional.

703 : the source base station sends a handover request message to the target base station.

For example, the source base station receives the measurement report that is reported by the UE, determines one or more candidate cells based on a measurement result, and performs handover decision. An access network device corresponding to the target cell may be the target base station. When a decision result of the source base station is handover, the source base station may send the handover request message to the target base station.

704 : the target base station sends a handover acknowledge message to the source base station.

For example, the target base station determines whether to allow access of the UE, and if determining to allow the access of the UE, sends the handover acknowledge message to the source base station. The handover acknowledge message may include configuration information required for the UE to access the target base station. For example, the configuration information required for the UE to access the target base station may include one or more of the following: a target cell ID, an encryption algorithm, a key, measurement configuration information, system information of the target cell, a new cell-radio network temporary identifier (C-RNTI) allocated by the target base station to the UE, a random access channel (RACH) resource (which may also be referred to as a random access resource, and is described below by using the random access resource as an example) for accessing the target cell, a physical layer configuration parameter corresponding to the target cell, a medium access control (MAC) layer configuration parameter, a radio link control (RLC) layer configuration parameter, a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer configuration parameter, a service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) layer configuration parameter, a radio resource control (RRC) layer configuration parameter, and the like. The random access resource may include one or more of the following: a random access configuration periodicity, configuration information of a random access format, configuration information of at least one random access occasion (RACH occasion), configuration information of a preamble associated with each random access occasion (for example, a quantity of preambles and/or index information of the preamble), and the like. Optionally, the configuration information required for the UE to access the target base station may be carried in a form of an RRC message. For example, the target base station generates an RRC reconfiguration message, and the handover acknowledge message carries the RRC message.

Optionally, the source base station and the target base station may be a same base station, or may be different base stations.

705 : the source base station sends an RRC reconfiguration message to the UE.

704 704 705 For example, after receiving the handover acknowledge message sent by the target base station, the source base station sends the RRC reconfiguration message to the UE. The RRC reconfiguration message may include the information indicated in the handover acknowledge message in step or operation, or may be the RRC reconfiguration message generated by the target base station in step or operation. In step or operation, the RRC reconfiguration message sent by the source base station to the UE may also be referred to as a handover command.

The target cell may be one of the one or more candidate cells, or may be a serving cell other than the candidate cells.

It may be understood that, to be distinguished from the candidate cells, in embodiments, a serving cell that the UE accesses after the cell handover is implemented is referred to as a target cell. This is not described again in subsequent embodiments.

706 : the UE initiates random access to the target base station.

For example, the UE may initiate a random access request to the target base station (a base station of the target cell) according to the handover command, and successfully access the target base station by interacting with the target base station. In an existing handover procedure, UE disconnects from a source base station, and a temporary interruption occurs when the UE receives and sends data before the UE successfully accesses the target base station.

707 : the UE sends an RRC reconfiguration completion message to the target base station.

After the UE successfully accesses the target base station, the UE may send the RRC reconfiguration completion message to the target base station.

In the foregoing inter-cell handover procedure, when a terminal moves from a coverage area of one cell to a coverage area of another cell, the terminal may perform serving cell handover at a moment. The foregoing cell handover procedure is performed based on an L3 measurement result. For example, selection and decision of a target cell for handover is performed based on the L3 measurement result. In addition, the handover is triggered by RRC signaling. Therefore, the procedure may be referred to as an L3 handover procedure. All procedures require complete layer 2 (L2) and layer 1 (L1) resetting, and therefore more delays and signaling overheads are introduced.

To further reduce a handover delay, an L1/L2 mobility enhancement solution, such as, L1/L2 triggered mobility (LTM) handover, is proposed, for example, the handover of the serving cell is performed by using L1/L2 signaling, to achieve objectives of a low delay, low overheads, and short data interruption time.

There are the following scenarios: 1. The terminal hands over between a plurality of cells corresponding to one DU, for example, intra-gNB DU handover. 2. The terminal hands over between a plurality of cells of different DUs corresponding to one CU, for example, inter-gNB DU intra-gNB CU handover. 3. The terminal hands over between a plurality of cells corresponding to different CUs, for example, inter-gNB CU handover. In the LTM handover, which is the same as the L3 handover, the network device may select the target cell based on the L3 measurement result. The target cell may be selected by a gNB-CU. The network device may deliver LTM handover configuration information to the UE through the RRC reconfiguration message.

A difference between the LTM handover and the L3 handover is that the LTM handover is determined and triggered by the L1/L2. For example, the UE reports an L1 measurement result to a gNB DU, and the gNB DU performs handover decision based on the measurement result and delivers a handover command to the UE through a MAC control element (CE). After the LTM handover is completed, the UE may store configuration information of the plurality of previously configured candidate cells (including the target cell). Therefore, when the UE may hand over to the candidate cells next time, the network device may directly deliver a handover command without sending the configuration information of the candidate cells again, so that a handover configuration process can be omitted, and a handover delay can be reduced.

8 FIG. In an embodiment, for a scenario of handover between different cells of a same base station, as shown in, a LTM handover procedure may include the following steps or operations.

801 : UE sends a measurement report to a network device.

For example, the UE may measure all candidate cells configured by the network device for the UE, to generate the measurement report.

Correspondingly, the network device receives the measurement report, determines, based on the measurement report, to perform LTM handover, and triggers candidate cell preparation.

The network device may be a base station including a CU and a DU. The UE may perform LTM handover between different serving cells corresponding to the base station.

801 Step or operationis optional.

802 : the network device sends an RRC reconfiguration message to the UE.

The RRC reconfiguration message may include configuration information of a candidate cell, and there may be one or more candidate cells. In the LTM handover procedure, these candidate cells are also referred to as LTM candidate cells. Optionally, the configuration information of the candidate cell may include one or more of the following: a cell radio network temporary identifier allocated by the candidate cell to the terminal device, a random access channel for accessing the candidate cell, an identifier of the candidate cell, a physical layer configuration parameter corresponding to the candidate cell, a medium access control layer configuration parameter, a radio link control layer configuration parameter, a packet data convergence protocol layer configuration parameter, a service data adaptation protocol layer configuration parameter, a radio resource control layer configuration parameter, and the like.

Optionally, the RRC reconfiguration message further carries an identifier corresponding to the configuration information of the candidate cell.

803 : the UE sends an RRC reconfiguration completion message to the network device.

The UE receives the RRC reconfiguration message, stores the configuration information of the candidate cell in the RRC reconfiguration message, and sends the RRC reconfiguration completion message to the network device.

804 Optionally, the LTM handover procedure may further include an advance synchronization phase, and may include step or operation.

804 : the UE implements uplink or downlink synchronization with the candidate cell.

806 For example, before receiving a handover command (a handover command in the LTM handover is a handover command in step or operation), the UE may perform downlink synchronization with the candidate cell.

Before receiving the handover command, the UE obtains timing advance (TA) corresponding to the candidate cell in advance. A method for obtaining, by the UE, the timing advance corresponding to the candidate cell in advance is not limited.

805 : the UE measures the configured candidate cell, and reports an LI measurement result.

804 805 A sequence of step or operationand step or operationis not limited.

806 : the network device determines, based on the L1 measurement result, whether to perform LTM handover, and if the LTM handover is to be performed, sends an LTM handover command to the UE to trigger execution of the handover.

The LTM handover command may be a MAC CE. The MAC CE may carry an identifier of configuration information of a target cell, and the UE uses a corresponding configuration of the target cell based on the identifier.

807 804 807 Optionally, if the UE may perform a random access procedure when handing over to the target cell, step or operationmay be further included. For example, if step or operationis not performed, for example, the UE does not obtain the TA to implement synchronization, step or operationmay be further included.

807 : the UE performs random access to the target cell.

808 : the UE sends a handover completion indication to the network device of the target cell.

8 FIG. For example, the UE sends the RRC reconfiguration completion message to the network device to which the target cell belongs. Optionally, a network device of a source cell and the network device of the target cell may be the same, as shown in. Alternatively, the network device of the source cell and the network device of the target cell may be different, for example, are respectively a network device 1 and a network device 2.

808 802 804 808 1 2 3 4 1 4 2 3 4 2 2 9 FIG.A Optionally, after step or operation, the UE may continue to perform, based on the configuration in step or operation, step or operationto step or operationto hand over to another candidate cell. For example, the foregoing LTM procedure may be applied to a scenario in which a terminal performs handover consecutively. As shown in, in a communication scenario of a terrestrial network (TN), movement of UE is random, and therefore a sequence of consecutive handover of the UE is also random, and neither a network device nor the UE can determine the cell to which the UE is to hand over next. For example, the UE currently accesses a cell, and may subsequently hand over to a cell, a cell, or a cell. A cell to which the UE hands over is related to a moving location of the UE. Therefore, each hop of handover of the UE is unknown. For example, the UE hands over from the cellto the cell, and after the handover is completed, the UE may store configuration information of the celland the cell. When the UE may hand over from the cellto the cellsubsequently, the network device may not re-deliver a configuration of the cellto the UE. The UE directly measures the candidate cell, and reports a measurement result. When a handover condition is met, the network device directly triggers handover according to an LTM handover command (for example, a MAC CE). In a consecutive handover scenario, in an LTM handover procedure, the UE stores configurations of candidate cells. When the UE may hand over to a cell to which the UE hands over previously or another candidate cell, the network device may not send configuration information of these candidate cells to the UE, and may send a LTM handover command, so that a handover process can be accelerated.

9 FIG.A 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 However, in an NTN scenario, because movement of a satellite is periodic, the terminal may regularly perform handover in a predetermined sequence. As shown in, a cell handover sequence of the UE may be: the cell→the cell→the cell→the cell→a cell→. . . →a cell N→the cell→the cell→the cell→. It can be understood that, a plurality of candidate cells provide signal coverage for a location range of the UE in a sequence, and a candidate cell provides signal coverage for the location range again in a next periodicity after the coverage ends. Therefore, if movement of the UE is ignored and only the movement of the satellite is considered, consecutive cell handover in the NTN scenario may be considered as periodic or regular.

In an embodiment, the cell handover may be conditional handover (CHO).

A CHO mechanism is that handover is performed based on CHO trigger condition information (which may also be referred to as CHO execution condition information). A network device (referred to as a source network device for short) to which a source cell belongs may send CHO configuration information to the terminal device when communication link quality is good. The CHO configuration information includes CHO trigger condition information corresponding to one or more candidate cells and information about the one or more candidate cells.

The information about the candidate cell may include one or more of the following: a cell radio network temporary identifier allocated by the candidate cell to the terminal device, a random access channel resource (which may also be referred to as a random access resource) for accessing the candidate cell, an index corresponding to the candidate cell (for example, a measurement identifier (measID) corresponding to the candidate cell and/or a CHO reconfiguration identifier (CondReconfigId) corresponding to the candidate cell), a cell global identifier (CGI) of the candidate cell, a physical cell identifier (PCI) of the candidate cell, frequency information corresponding to the candidate cell, a physical layer configuration parameter, a MAC layer configuration parameter, an RLC layer configuration parameter, a PDCP layer configuration parameter, an SDAP layer configuration parameter, an RRC layer configuration parameter corresponding to the candidate cell, and the like. The random access resource may include one or more of the following: a random access configuration periodicity, configuration information of a random access format, configuration information of at least one random access occasion (RACH occasion), configuration information of a preamble associated with each random access occasion (for example, a quantity of preambles and/or index information of the preamble), and the like. The frequency information of the candidate cell may include one or more of the following: an absolute frequency of a synchronization signal block (synchronization signal block, SSB) (absoluteFrequencySSB), an absolute frequency point (absoluteFrequencyPointA) of a reference resource module (common RB0), a frequency band list (frequencyBandList), and a carrier list specific to a subcarrier spacing (SCS) (scs-SpecificCarrierList). For meanings of the foregoing terms, for example, refer to a specification document of a protocol or a standard of the communication technology.

1. Based on signal quality. The signal quality in the embodiments is a result obtained by measuring signal quality or signal energy based on a reference signal (for example, an SSB, a CSI-RS, a CS-RS, a US-RS, or a DMRS), for example, one or more of reference signal received power (RSRP), reference signal received quality (RSRQ), a received signal strength indicator (RSSI), and a signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR). For meanings of the foregoing terms, for example, refer to a specification document of a protocol or a standard of the communication technology. The CHO trigger condition information may include a CHO trigger event type, a trigger quantity, and a corresponding threshold. The CHO trigger event type may include an event A3, an event A4, an event A5, an event B1, an event B2, another trigger event type, or the like. For details, refer to a specification document of a protocol or a standard of the communication technology. The trigger quantity is signal quality of a cell. For example, it is assumed that a CHO trigger event type configured for a candidate cell 1 is an A3 event, a trigger quantity is signal quality of the cell, and a corresponding threshold is a threshold 1. When the cell signal quality of the candidate cell 1 is higher than the threshold 1, it may be considered that the candidate cell 1 meets a CHO trigger condition, and the candidate cell 1 may be determined as a target cell. 2. Based on location information. The CHO trigger condition information may include the location information. In a possible embodiment, the location information may be location information of a terminal device on the ground, for example, a longitude and latitude value. The longitude and latitude value may be used to determine an area or a fixed point. When a geographical location of the terminal device meets a longitude and latitude requirement (for example, the terminal device moves to an area or a fixed point location indicated by the longitude and latitude value), the terminal device may perform handover. In another possible embodiment, the location information may include a distance between the terminal device and a location reference point 1 corresponding to a source cell and a distance between the terminal device and a location reference point 2 corresponding to a target cell. For example, the CHO trigger condition information may include a first distance threshold and a second distance threshold. When the distance between the terminal device and the location reference point 1 corresponding to the source cell is greater than or equal to the first distance threshold, and the distance between the terminal device and the location reference point 2 corresponding to the target cell is less than or equal to the second distance threshold, the UE may perform handover. In still another possible embodiment, the location information may be global positioning system (GPS) information, timing advance (TA) information, or other information. 3. Based on time information or a timer. The CHO trigger condition information may include the time information. In a possible embodiment, the CHO trigger condition information may be absolute time, for example, a moment (for example, coordinated universal time (UTC) 12:00), a time period (for example, UTC 12:00 to UTC 13:00, or a start moment and duration of a time period). When the absolute time is reached, the terminal device may perform handover. In another possible embodiment, the CHO trigger condition information may be relative time, for example, effective duration of a timer. For example, after receiving CHO configuration information, the terminal device starts the timer, and when the effective duration of the timer is reached, the terminal device may perform handover. The CHO trigger condition information may also be referred to as CHO execution condition information. The CHO trigger condition information indicates a CHO trigger condition of the candidate cell. In the embodiments, the CHO trigger condition information may include one or more of the following:

Optionally, in the embodiments, at least one of the three types of CHO trigger condition information may be configured as the CHO execution condition information. For example, a CHO execution event type, a corresponding threshold, and an absolute time value may be configured as CHO execution condition information. When absolute time is reached and signal quality of a corresponding candidate cell meets a condition, the terminal device may determine the candidate cell as a target cell, and perform handover.

Optionally, one candidate cell may correspond to one or more pieces of CHO trigger condition information. CHO trigger condition information corresponding to different candidate cells may be the same or different.

9 FIG.B For ease of understanding, the following describes, with reference to, a procedure in which the terminal device performs handover based on the CHO mechanism. In this example, the source network device configures two candidate cells for the terminal device, and the two candidate cells are respectively managed by a candidate network device 1 and a candidate network device 2.

9 FIG.B As shown in, the handover procedure may include the following steps or operations.

901 : the source network device sends measurement configuration information to the terminal.

Correspondingly, the terminal receives the measurement configuration information from the source network device.

Optionally, the measurement configuration information may be carried in an RRC reconfiguration message. The measurement configuration information is used by the terminal to perform neighboring cell measurement. This is not limited herein.

A neighboring cell mentioned in the embodiments is a neighboring cell of the terminal, and includes one or more of an intra-frequency cell, an inter-frequency cell, and a serving cell. The intra-frequency cell indicates a cell whose SSB for measurement has a central frequency and a subcarrier spacing (SCS) that are the same as those of a cell-defining SSB of the serving cell. The inter-frequency cell is a cell whose SSB for measurement has either a central frequency or an SCS different from that of the cell-defining SSB of the serving cell. The serving cell is a cell that provides a service for the terminal. The serving cell may be a cell managed by the source network device, a cell covered by the source network device, or a cell under the jurisdiction of the source network device, or the serving cell belongs to the source network device.

901 Step or operationmay be an optional step or operation.

902 : the terminal sends a measurement report to the source network device.

The measurement report includes a measurement result of neighboring cell measurement performed by the terminal based on the measurement configuration information.

Correspondingly, the source network device receives the measurement report from the terminal.

The measurement result in the embodiments may be signal quality of the neighboring cell of the terminal, or the like. This is not limited herein.

902 Step or operationmay be an optional step or operation.

903 : the source network device and the candidate network device 1 perform CHO handover preparation.

For example, the source network device sends a handover request message to the candidate network device 1, where the handover request message is used to request the candidate network device 1 to prepare for CHO handover; and the source network device receives a handover request acknowledge message from the candidate network device 1, where the handover request acknowledge message may include, for example, information about a candidate cell 1. The handover request acknowledge message may be understood as carrying the information about the candidate cell 1 configured by the candidate network device 1 for the terminal, and the information about the candidate cell 1 may be carried in a form of an RRC message of the candidate network device 1.

904 : the source network device and the candidate network device 2 perform CHO handover preparation.

For example, the source network device sends a handover request message to the candidate network device 2, where the handover request message is used to request the candidate network device 2 to prepare for CHO handover; and the source network device receives a handover request acknowledge message from the candidate network device 2, where the handover request acknowledge message may include, for example, information about a candidate cell 2. The handover request acknowledge message may be understood as carrying the information about the candidate cell 2 configured by the candidate network device 2 for the terminal, and the information about the candidate cell 2 may be carried in a form of an RRC message of the candidate network device 2.

905 : the source network device sends CHO configuration information to the terminal.

The CHO configuration information includes CHO trigger condition information respectively corresponding to the candidate cell 1 and the candidate cell 2.

Correspondingly, the terminal receives the CHO configuration information from the source network device.

The CHO configuration information may be carried in an RRC message generated by the source network device, for example, an RRC reconfiguration message. The CHO configuration information may further include the information about the candidate cell 1 and the information about the candidate cell 2. Optionally, CHO trigger condition information of the candidate cell 1 and CHO trigger condition information of the candidate cell 2 are information generated by the source network device for the terminal.

When the CHO trigger condition information of the candidate cell 1 is CHO trigger condition information based on time information, the source network device may further send the CHO trigger condition information to the candidate network device 1. When the CHO trigger condition information of the candidate cell 2 is CHO trigger condition information based on the time information, the source network device may further send the CHO trigger condition information to the candidate network device 2.

906 : the terminal determines a target cell.

For example, the terminal may determine, based on the CHO configuration information, whether the respective CHO trigger condition information of the candidate cell 1 and the candidate cell 2 is met, and use a cell that meets the CHO trigger condition information in the candidate cell 1 and the candidate cell 2 as the target cell (for example, the candidate cell 1 is the target cell).

In other words, in this step or operation, the terminal measures each candidate cell, and determines whether a CHO trigger condition of each candidate cell is met.

907 : the terminal accesses the target cell.

For example, the terminal initiates, through a random access resource, random access to a network device of the target cell (referred to as a target network device for short). Any random access procedure is not limited herein.

908 : the terminal sends an RRC reconfiguration completion message to the target network device.

For example, the target network device is the candidate network device 1, and the terminal may send the RRC reconfiguration completion message to the candidate network device 1.

Correspondingly, the candidate network device 1 receives the RRC reconfiguration completion message from the terminal.

The RRC reconfiguration completion message indicates that the terminal successfully accesses the candidate network device 1. Optionally, the RRC reconfiguration completion message may further include an identifier of the target cell.

It may be understood that after the terminal determines the candidate cell 1 as the target cell, the candidate network device 1 may also be referred to as the target network device.

9 FIG.B 9 FIG.B It should be noted thatis an example of the CHO procedure, and the CHO procedure may have other variations. This is not limited. The steps or operations inmay be optionally performed, and an execution sequence of the steps or operations may be changed.

Therefore, in an NTN scenario, a network device configures a plurality of candidate cells for a terminal. If the terminal performs measurement on all the configured candidate cells, measurement redundancy or invalid measurement exists, resulting in energy waste of the terminal. In view of this, the embodiments propose a communication method, to optimize time for starting measurement on a plurality of candidate cells on a terminal side, to avoid or reduce redundant measurement performed by the terminal on the candidate cells, and resolve a problem of energy waste of the terminal.

10 FIG. 12 FIG. The solutions provided in the embodiments may be performed by a terminal and a network device, or may be performed by a module and/or a component (for example, a chip or an integrated circuit) that are/is mounted in a terminal or a network device and that have/has a corresponding function. This is not limited. The following embodiments intoare described by using a terminal and a network device as execution bodies. The network device described in the following embodiments may be an access network device like a base station.

10 FIG. An embodiment provides a communication method. The method may be applied to an NTN communication scenario, for example, applied to the foregoing satellite communication scenario in which a transparent transmission mode or a regeneration mode is used. As shown in, the method may include the following steps or operations.

1001 : the terminal sends a measurement report to the network device.

1002 : the network device determines at least one candidate cell.

For example, the network device may determine the at least one candidate cell based on the received measurement report.

1001 1002 Step or operationand step or operationare optional.

1003 : the network device sends first indication information to the terminal.

The first indication information indicates a condition for the terminal to perform measurement on the at least one candidate cell. In other words, when the network device configures a plurality of candidate cells for the terminal, the terminal may not measure all candidate cells, but may conditionally start measurement on a part of the candidate cells. For example, the network device sends the first indication information to the terminal, where the first indication information indicates a determining condition for starting measurement on each candidate cell, so that the terminal may determine, based on the condition that is included in the first indication information and that is for performing the measurement on the candidate cell, whether to start the measurement on the candidate cell. Optionally, the measurement in this step or operation may be measurement on signal quality of the candidate cell, or may be measurement on another measurement quantity related to the candidate cell, for example, measurement on a distance between the terminal and a reference point of the candidate cell. This is not limited.

802 In an embodiment, the network device sends an RRC reconfiguration message to the terminal, and sends configuration information of the candidate cell to the terminal. The first indication information may be carried in the RRC reconfiguration message, or may be carried in another message, or may be separately sent. This is not limited. For example, for LTM handover, when the network device sends the configuration information of the candidate cell to the terminal, the network device sends the first indication information to the terminal. In other words, the first indication information is carried in step or operationin the LTM procedure.

In the following, embodiments propose the following several determining conditions for starting the measurement on the candidate cell, including manners of determining, based on measurement start time, based on a distance, based on an angle, or the like, to start the measurement, and several different indication manners separately corresponding to the first indication information.

In an embodiment, the first indication information may indicate time information for starting measurement on one or more candidate cells in the at least one candidate cell.

It may be understood that the network device may indicate, through the first indication information, the time information for starting the measurement on each candidate cell.

9 FIG.A It can be understood from the foregoing content that, in the NTN scenario, as a satellite moves at a high speed, a coverage area for the ground, such as, a serving cell, periodically moves. In this case, for a terminal, a serving cell of the terminal may change regularly with the movement of the satellite. For example, the terminal accesses several candidate cells in a sequence, as shown in. Therefore, the network device may determine, based on time at which signals of the candidate cells cover the terminal, time at which the terminal starts measurement on the candidate cells, to obtain first indication information. Time at which a signal of the satellite covers a terminal may be understood as time at which the satellite may provide a service for the terminal. Correspondingly, start time at which the signal of the satellite covers the terminal may be referred to as service start time or coverage start time.

1 1 2 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 In an embodiment, the time information for starting the measurement may be UTC. For example, the first indication information may include UTC information for starting the measurement on the one or more candidate cells. The UE starts measurement on a corresponding cell only when measurement start time is reached. For example, each candidate cell has one point of corresponding measurement start time. In another embodiment, the measurement start time corresponds to a cell list. In this case, a same point of measurement start time corresponds to a plurality of cells. Assuming that Tcorresponds to a cell #and a cell #, and Tcorresponds to a cell #3, measurement on the cell #and the cell #may be started at the moment T, and measurement on the cell #3 may be started at the moment T. For example, if a satellite #and a satellite #are two satellites in different orbits, and start time of covering a terminal device by the satellite #and start time of covering the terminal device by the satellite #are the same, or a difference between the start time of covering the terminal device by the satellite #and the start time of covering the terminal device by the satellite #is less than a preset threshold, measurement on cells corresponding to the satellite #and the satellite #may be simultaneously started.

Alternatively, the time information for starting the measurement on the candidate cell may be indicated by coverage start time of the candidate cell. For example, the first indication information may include coverage start time of the one or more candidate cells. Therefore, the terminal may perform autonomous decision-making, based on the coverage start time of the candidate cell, on time for starting the measurement on the cell.

It may be understood that, in the foregoing two manners of indicating the time information for starting the measurement, time at which the terminal starts the measurement on each candidate cell is not earlier than the coverage start time of the candidate cell. In other words, a moment at which the terminal starts the measurement on each candidate cell may be later than a moment at which coverage of the candidate cell for the terminal starts, or a moment at which coverage of the candidate cell for the terminal starts may be used as a moment at which the measurement is started on the candidate cell.

1 1 2 3 4 2 4 2 3 4 2 2 2 3 4 For example, the UE accesses a cellat the moment T, and then hands over to a cell, a cell, and a cellsuccessively. When configuring candidate cells for the UE, the base station may send configuration information of the candidate cellto the cellto the UE. In addition, the base station may indicate measurement start time of the cell, the cell, and the cell, for example, T, T3, and T4 respectively, to the UE through first indication information. Correspondingly, based on the first indication information, the UE may start to measure the cellat the moment T, start to measure the cellat the moment T3, and start to measure the cellat the moment T4.

2 3 4 2 3 4 2 3 4 2 2 3 4 2 For another example, the base station may indicate coverage start time of the cell, the cell, and the cell, for example, T2′, T3′, and T4′ respectively, to the UE through the first indication information. Then, the UE may perform autonomous decision-making, based on the coverage start time of the cell, the cell, and the cellrespectively, on moments for starting measurement on the cell, the cell, and the cell, for example, determine to start measurement on the cellat the moment T, start measurement on the cellat the moment T3, and start measurement on the cellat the moment T4, where T≥T2′, T3≥T3′, and T4≥T4′.

Optionally, the first indication information may further include time information of stopping the measurement on the one or more candidate cells in the at least one candidate cell. The network device may indicate, through the first indication information, time information for stopping the measurement on each candidate cell.

In an embodiment, the time information for stopping the measurement may be UTC information. For example, the first indication information may include UTC information for stopping the measurement on the one or more candidate cells. The terminal stops measurement on a corresponding cell when measurement stop time is reached. Alternatively, the time information for stopping the measurement on the candidate cell may be indicated by coverage stop time of the candidate cell. The coverage stop time of the candidate cell is time at which the candidate cell stops covering the terminal or stops providing a service for the terminal.

Because a running location of a satellite determines a coverage area of a satellite signal, a candidate cell for a terminal in an NTN scenario is determined. Therefore, a parameter like a distance between the terminal and the satellite, a distance between the terminal and a satellite-related reference point, an angle between a connection line between the terminal and the satellite and a horizontal direction or a vertical direction, or an angle between a connection line between the terminal and the satellite-related reference point and the horizontal direction or the vertical direction may be used as a condition for the terminal to start measurement on a candidate cell corresponding to the satellite.

In view of this, in embodiments, a threshold of a distance or an angle threshold for starting the measurement on the candidate cell is set, so that when cell handover is performed, a value of a distance or an angle between the terminal and the satellite corresponding to the candidate cell is calculated, and is compared with the set distance threshold or angle threshold to determine whether to start the measurement on the candidate cell.

In an embodiment, the network device and the terminal may agree upon or a protocol specifies that the distance or the angle between the terminal and the satellite is used as the condition for starting the measurement on the candidate cell. In a subsequent handover procedure, the network device may indicate, to the terminal through the first indication information, a related parameter for calculating the distance or the angle between the terminal and the satellite, so that the terminal determines whether to start the measurement on the candidate cell. Optionally, the network device and the terminal may further agree upon or a protocol specifies a threshold of a distance parameter or an angle parameter, or the network device may further indicate, to the terminal, a threshold of a distance parameter or an angle parameter for starting measurement. For an example indication manner, refer to the following descriptions.

Alternatively, in an embodiment, the first indication information may indicate the terminal to determine, based on a distance or an angle between the terminal and a reference point corresponding to the one or more candidate cells in the at least one candidate cell, to start the measurement on the one or more candidate cells. In other words, the network device may indicate the terminal to use the distance or the angle between the terminal and the reference point corresponding to the candidate cell as a determining condition for starting the measurement.

The reference point may be a location on the ground in a signal coverage area of the satellite, and may be referred to as a sub-satellite point that is a point that is on the ground and is closest to the satellite. Alternatively, the reference point may be a location of the satellite, and may be referred to as an on-satellite point. Because a moving location of the satellite is a factor that determines a coverage cell, and therefore determines a candidate cell for subsequent handover of the terminal, the distance or the angle between the satellite and the terminal may be determined based on the reference point corresponding to the satellite, and is used as a determining condition for starting the measurement on the candidate cell.

The angle between the terminal and the reference point may be an included angle between a connection line between the terminal and the reference point and a horizontal direction or a vertical direction. This is not limited.

In an embodiment, the network device may configure a corresponding distance threshold or angle threshold for the terminal. For example, the network device may preconfigure the distance threshold or the angle threshold for the terminal, or configure the distance threshold or the angle threshold through the first indication information. The distance threshold or the angle threshold may be separately a threshold, or may be a numerical interval, such as, a distance value range or an angle value range determined based on at least two values.

In an embodiment, for example, the distance threshold may be a first threshold. The network device may send the first threshold to the terminal, where the first threshold indicates to start the measurement on the candidate cell when the distance between the terminal and the reference point corresponding to the candidate cell meets a distance range corresponding to the first threshold. For example, the first threshold is an interval of L1 to L2. When the terminal determines that the distance between the terminal and the reference point corresponding to the candidate cell is within the interval of L1 to L2, the terminal starts the measurement on the candidate cell. For example, the distance within the interval of L1 to L2 may include L1 and L2, or may not include L1 and L2.

Alternatively, in another embodiment, if the angle threshold may be a second threshold, the network device may send the second threshold to the terminal, where the second threshold indicates to start the measurement on the candidate cell when the angle between the terminal and the satellite meets an angle range corresponding to the second threshold.

In an embodiment, the first indication information may further include location information of the reference point corresponding to the candidate cell, for example, may include location coordinates of the reference point.

1 For example, the first indication information may carry location coordinates of a reference point corresponding to a cell, and the terminal may determine a distance between the terminal and the reference point based on location coordinates of the terminal and the location coordinates of the reference point, to determine, by comparing the first threshold and the distance between the terminal and the reference point, whether to start measurement on the candidate cell.

Alternatively, in another embodiment, the first indication information may further include a relative location of the reference point corresponding to the candidate cell. For example, the reference point is a sub-satellite point, and the first indication information may include a location offset of the reference point relative to the satellite. In this case, the first indication information may further include ephemeris information and reference time of the ephemeris information. The ephemeris information sets forth a precise location or track table of the satellite running with time, and reference time of the ephemeris information may be epoch Time.

Optionally, when the network device indicates the terminal to determine, based on the distance between the terminal and the reference point corresponding to the one or more candidate cells in the at least one candidate cell, whether to perform the measurement on the candidate cell, the network device may indicate, to the terminal, the location information of the reference point corresponding to the candidate cell. The reference point is a sub-satellite point of the satellite, and the location information of the reference point may be a location offset of the sub-satellite point relative to the satellite. Further, the first indication information may further include ephemeris information and reference time of the ephemeris information. Therefore, the terminal may calculate location information of the satellite in this case based on the ephemeris information and the reference time, and then obtain the distance between the terminal and the reference point based on the location information of the satellite and the location offset of the reference point relative to the satellite. In this embodiment, the location information of the reference point may be configured for the terminal through the RRC reconfiguration message.

For example, the network device configures, for the terminal, a distance-based measurement start condition of each candidate cell, including the distance threshold, the location information of the reference point, and the ephemeris information. After receiving the distance threshold, the location information of the reference point, and the ephemeris information, the terminal calculates the distance between the terminal and the reference point. If the distance threshold is met, the terminal starts the measurement.

Similarly, when configuring an angle-based measurement start condition for the terminal, the network device may carry both ephemeris information of each candidate cell and reference time of the ephemeris information. For example, the UE calculates a location of the satellite corresponding to the candidate cell based on the ephemeris information and the reference time, then calculates an angle between a connection line between the terminal and the satellite and the horizontal direction or the vertical direction, and starts the measurement when the angle meets an angle range corresponding to the configured second threshold.

In an embodiment, the network device may further configure, for the terminal, a threshold for stopping the measurement on the one or more candidate cells in the at least one candidate cell based on the distance or the angle. The terminal calculates whether the distance or the angle between the terminal and the reference point meets the condition for stopping the measurement. If it is determined that the distance threshold or the angle threshold is met, the terminal stops the measurement on the candidate cell.

Optionally, the first indication information may further include a distance threshold or an angle threshold for stopping the measurement on the one or more candidate cells in the at least one candidate cell. It may be understood that the network device may further indicate, through the first indication information, a distance threshold or an angle threshold for stopping the measurement on each candidate cell.

Only measurement on a candidate cell for a next time of cell handover is started.

In an embodiment, the first indication information indicates the terminal to start measurement only on one or more candidate cells for the next time of cell handover. The next time of cell handover indicates that the terminal hands over from a current serving cell to a next target cell.

In other words, the network device may indicate the terminal to start, for a plurality of configured candidate cells, measurement only on a candidate cell for the next time of cell handover in a sequence of handover to the candidate cells, for example, the terminal starts measurement only on a next-hop candidate cell. In this embodiment, a sequence of configuration information of candidate cells received (or stored) by the terminal is a sequence in which the terminal hands over to the candidate cells.

9 FIG.A 1 2 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 2 3 In the NTN scenario shown in, a next-hop candidate cell of the cellis the cell, a next-hop candidate cell of the cellis the cell, and so on. In this case, the network device may indicate to the terminal, or a protocol defaults that the candidate cells are configured based on a coverage sequence of the candidate cells. In an embodiment, when the network device sends configuration information of the candidate cells to the terminal, the network device further sends a handover sequence of the candidate cells to the terminal. For example, the sequence is the cell, the cell, and the cell, and so on. In this way, the terminal device can determine that the next-hop candidate cell of the cellis the cell, the next-hop candidate cell of the cellis the cell, and so on.

2 3 4 2 3 3 4 For example, it is assumed that the base station configures only one candidate cell for the UE at each hop, and the base station configures three candidate cells for the UE: the cell, the cell, and the cell. When the UE hands over to the cell, measurement on the cellis started, and when the UE hands over to the cell, measurement on the cellis started. In this way, redundant measurement performed by the terminal on the candidate cell is avoided, and power consumption is reduced.

1 1 2 3 2 3 4 2 3 1 4 2 1 2 3 2 3 4 In a possible embodiment, the network device may configure a plurality of candidate cells for the terminal for each time of cell handover. For example, when the terminal accesses the cell, candidate cells for a first time of cell handover after the terminal accesses the cellinclude the celland the cell, and a candidate cell for a second time of cell handover after a handover procedure for the cellor the cellis completed includes the cell. In this case, when configuring a candidate cell for the terminal, the network device may add an identifier to indicate a cell handover round. For example, the celland the cellare identified as candidate cells belonging to a same hop, and are marked as; and the cellis identified as a candidate cell belonging to a next hop, and is marked as. In this case, when accessing the cell, the terminal may start measurement on the celland the cell; and after the terminal hands over to the cellor the cell, the terminal starts measurement on the cell. This avoids redundant measurement on the candidate cell by the terminal and reduces power consumption.

1 2 1 In an embodiment, the first indication information further indicates the terminal to stop measurement on the serving cell. For example, when the terminal hands over from the cellto the cell, the terminal stops measurement on the cell.

8 FIG. 1001 1002 802 808 In an embodiment, for a LTM handover scenario, similar to the handover procedure shown in, after the foregoing step or operationand step or operation, a procedure may further include the foregoing step or operationto step or operation.

1002 802 Optionally, the first indication information in step or operationmay be carried in an RRC reconfiguration message for configuring configuration information of a candidate cell (for example, in the LTM handover scenario, the first indication information may be sent in step or operation), or may be separately sent.

It should be noted that the foregoing solution for indicating a measurement start condition provided in embodiments may be applied to the LTM handover procedure, and may be applied to another handover procedure, for example, a scenario like CHO, consecutive handover, or dual active protocol stack (DAPS) handover. This is not limited. The consecutive handover is a scenario in which a terminal performs a plurality of times of cell handover within a period of time, and is not limited to the consecutive LTM handover in the examples in embodiments.

In the foregoing solution, the network device indicates a condition for starting measurement on a candidate cell to the terminal, so that the terminal can start or stop, based on a cell handover sequence, measurement on a candidate cell to which handover may be performed, to avoid a problem of terminal energy waste caused by measuring all candidate cells by the terminal. In addition, the foregoing plurality of indication manners may increase flexibility of indicating that cell measurement is started.

8 FIG. In the existing LTM handover procedure described in, after the cell handover is completed, the terminal may store configuration information of the plurality of previously configured candidate cells (including the target cell). Therefore, when the terminal may hand over to the candidate cells next time, the network device may directly deliver a handover command without sending the configuration information of the candidate cells again. However, in the NTN scenario, after the terminal completes the cell handover and accesses the target cell, the target cell is used as a new candidate cell for the terminal in a next running periodicity of the corresponding satellite. If the terminal continues storing configuration information of the candidate cell, and the network device reserves a resource of the candidate cell for the terminal, long-time resource waste is caused.

To resolve the foregoing problem, the embodiments further provide a communication method. A LTM handover procedure is optimized, so that after handover is completed, a terminal no longer retains configuration information of a candidate cell configured for the current time of handover, and a network device also releases a resource of the candidate cell. This resolves a resource waste problem and improves resource utilization.

In an embodiment, it may be predefined according to a protocol that the terminal deletes configuration information of a source cell and/or another candidate cell for the current time of handover after the handover is completed. Optionally, a protocol may specify that, if an access network of the terminal is an NTN and LTM handover is used, after the terminal completes the handover, the terminal does not store the configuration information of the source cell, and deletes configuration information of a candidate cell other than a target cell for the current time of handover.

In another embodiment, the network device may send explicit indication signaling to the terminal, so that after the cell handover is completed, the terminal no longer retains configuration information of a target cell and a candidate cell for the current time of handover.

11 FIG. As shown in, the method may include the following steps or operations.

1101 : the terminal sends a measurement report to the network device.

1102 : the network device determines at least one candidate cell.

1101 1102 1001 1002 Step or operationand step or operationare optional. For descriptions, refer to step or operationand step or operation.

1103 : the network device sends second indication information to the terminal.

The second indication information indicates the terminal to delete configuration information of a serving cell (also referred to as a source cell) or delete configuration information of the serving cell as a candidate cell after the terminal hands over from the serving cell to a target cell. In other words, the network device may indicate the terminal not to store the configuration information of the serving cell or the configuration information of the serving cell as the candidate cell after the cell handover is completed. In other words, after each time of handover, a serving cell before the handover is not used as a candidate cell for subsequent handover.

Optionally, if the network device configures one or more candidate cells for the terminal for each time of cell handover, the second indication information indicates that after the cell handover is completed, the terminal may delete configuration information of a candidate cell other than a target cell for the same-hop handover, and delete configuration information of a serving cell before the handover or configuration information of the serving cell as a candidate cell.

1 2 3 2 1 3 2 1 2 3 For example, the terminal currently accesses a cell, and candidate cells for a next time of handover are a celland a cell. When the terminal device hands over to the cell, configuration information of the celland configuration information of the cellare deleted. Alternatively, when the terminal device hands over to the cell, the cell, the cell, and the cellare no longer used as candidate cells.

1103 a In an embodiment, the second indication information may be carried in an RRC reconfiguration message that is sent by the network device to the terminal and that includes configuration information of a candidate cell (for example, in step or operation), or may be carried in another message, or may be separately sent. This is not limited.

In an embodiment, the network device may further indicate effective duration or effective time of each candidate cell to the terminal through the second indication information. For example, the second indication information may further include first duration, and the first duration is effective duration of a candidate cell. After the first duration expires or times out, the terminal may delete configuration information of the candidate cell. Further, after the first duration expires or times out, the terminal may delete configuration information of a target cell and at least one candidate cell for the current time of cell handover.

In an embodiment, the second indication information may indicate that if LTM handover is performed, the terminal deletes configuration information of a source cell for the current time of handover after the handover is completed. Optionally, configuration information of another candidate cell for the current time of handover is further deleted. For example, the second indication information indicates that, if the access network of the terminal is an NTN and the LTM handover is used, after the terminal completes the handover, the terminal does not store configuration information of the source cell as a candidate cell, and deletes the configuration information of the another candidate cell for the current time of handover. Optionally, after the handover is completed, the source cell and the candidate cell (including the target cell) for the current time of handover are not used as candidate cells.

1103 In an embodiment, step or operationis optional. In other words, the network device may not send the second indication information to the terminal. For example, a protocol specifies that in an NTN scenario, the terminal deletes, by default, configuration information of a part of or all candidate cells after the terminal hands over from the serving cell to the target cell.

8 FIG. In an embodiment, for a LTM handover scenario, similar to the handover procedure shown in, a procedure may further include the foregoing steps or operations.

1103 a : the network device sends an RRC reconfiguration message to the terminal.

1103 803 a For descriptions of step or operation, refer to the descriptions in step or operation.

Optionally, the RRC reconfiguration message includes the second indication information.

1103 1103 a A sequence of step or operationand step or operationis not limited.

1104 : the terminal sends an RRC reconfiguration completion message to the network device.

1105 Optionally, the LTM handover procedure may further include an advance synchronization phase, and may include step or operation.

1105 : the terminal implements uplink or downlink synchronization with the target cell.

1106 : the terminal measures the configured target cell, and reports an L1 measurement result.

1107 : the network device determines, based on the L1 measurement result, whether to perform LTM handover, and if the LTM handover is performed, sends an LTM handover command to the terminal to trigger execution of the handover.

The LTM handover command may be a MAC CE. The MAC CE may carry an identifier of a configuration of the target cell, and the terminal uses the corresponding configuration of the target cell based on the identifier.

1108 1105 1108 Optionally, if the UE may perform a random access procedure when handing over to the target cell, step or operationmay be further included. For example, if step or operationis not performed, for example, the terminal does not obtain TA to implement uplink synchronization, step or operationmay be further included.

1108 : the terminal performs random access to the target cell.

1109 : the terminal sends a cell handover completion indication message to the network device.

1110 : the terminal deletes configuration information of a candidate cell and/or configuration information of the source cell for the current time of cell handover.

1103 a In this case, if the network device configures a plurality of candidate cells for each hop of cell handover of the terminal, after the terminal completes the handover, configuration information of all candidate cells of a same hop may be deleted. If the source cell is also a candidate cell (for example, the source cell also belongs to the candidate cell configured for the terminal in step or operation), the terminal deletes the configuration information of the source cell as the candidate cell.

2 3 2 3 If the target cell accessed by the terminal is not one of the plurality of candidate cells configured by the network device, the terminal may further delete configuration information of the target cell. For example, if next-hop candidate cells configured by the network device for the terminal are a celland a cell, and the terminal hands over to another cell, the terminal may delete configuration information of the celland the cell.

1110 1110 1110 In an embodiment, the terminal performs step or operationbased on the second indication information. For example, when the terminal receives the second indication information, the terminal performs step or operation; or when the terminal does not receive the second indication information, the terminal may not perform step or operation.

1110 In another embodiment, a protocol specifies that in the NTN scenario, the terminal performs step or operationby default after the terminal hands over from the serving cell to the target cell.

In an embodiment, after deleting configuration information of a cell, the terminal may further indicate an identifier of the deleted cell to the network device. Correspondingly, for example, the network device receives identification information of at least one cell from the terminal, and may determine that the terminal device deletes configuration information of the at least one cell, so that the network device may also determine, based on the identifier of the cell deleted by the terminal, to release a resource of the at least one cell.

1109 Optionally, after step or operation, for example, after the network device receives the cell handover completion indication message sent by the terminal, the network device may release a resource of at least one candidate cell and/or a resource (such as, the configuration information of the candidate cell) of the source cell as the candidate cell corresponding to the current time of cell handover of the terminal.

1109 Alternatively, in an embodiment, after step or operation, the terminal may send, to the network device, a request message for releasing a candidate cell resource, so that after receiving the request message for releasing the candidate cell resource from the terminal, the network device may release the resource of the at least one candidate cell corresponding to the current time of cell handover of the terminal.

In an embodiment, if a network device accessed by the terminal includes a CU and a DU, that the network device releases a resource of a candidate cell and/or a resource of the source cell when the terminal performs handover between a plurality of cells corresponding to a same CU includes: the DU sends a release request to the CU, to request to release the resource of the candidate cell; the CU determines, based on the release request, to release the resource of the candidate cell, and optionally, sends a release response to the DU; and the DU releases, based on the release response, a resource of a candidate cell corresponding to the current time of cell handover of the terminal. Alternatively, the DU may send indication information to the CU, to indicate an identifier of a cell accessed by the terminal. The CU determines, based on the indication information, to release a resource of a candidate cell, and sends, to the DU or another DU, a request to release a resource of the source cell of the terminal and/or a resource of at least one candidate cell corresponding to the current time of cell handover. Alternatively, the CU may determine a target cell accessed by the terminal, and after the handover is completed, the CU determines to release a resource of a candidate cell. For example, the CU sends, to the DU or the another DU, a request to release the resource of the source cell of the terminal and/or the resource of the at least one candidate cell corresponding to the current time of cell handover.

The terminal may perform cell handover between a plurality of candidate cells corresponding to one DU, or performs cell handover between a plurality of candidate cells corresponding to a plurality of DUs, where the plurality of DUs correspond to a same CU. In other words, when the terminal performs handover between a plurality of cells corresponding to a same CU, the CU may indicate a corresponding target DU to release a resource. Alternatively, the DU may send indication information to the CU, to indicate an identifier of a cell accessed by the terminal. The CU determines, based on the indication information, to release a resource of a candidate cell, and sends, to the DU or another DU, a request to release a resource of the source cell of the terminal and/or a resource of at least one candidate cell corresponding to the current time of cell handover.

In another embodiment, if a source network device of the terminal, for example, a source base station, includes a CU and a DU, and a target network device of the terminal, for example, a target base station, includes a CU and a DU, when the terminal performs handover between a plurality of cells corresponding to different CUs, for example, the network device releases a resource of a candidate cell, the following is included: a CU corresponding to a source cell sends a release request to a CU corresponding to a target cell, to request to release the resource of the candidate cell. The CU corresponding to the target cell sends, based on the release request, a release request to a DU corresponding to the target cell, to request to release the resource of the candidate cell. The DU corresponding to the target cell releases, based on the release request, the resource of the candidate cell corresponding to the current time of cell handover of the terminal. For example, the CU corresponding to the source cell is a CU in the source network device, and may be referred to as a source CU for short; and the CU corresponding to the target cell is a CU in the target network device, and may be referred to as a target CU for short.

The terminal hands over from the source cell to the target cell, and the CU corresponding to the target cell is different from the CU corresponding to the source cell. In other words, when the terminal performs handover between cells of a plurality of different CUs, the source CU sends a resource release request to the target CU, so that the target CU may indicate, based on the resource release request, the corresponding target DU to release the resource.

In the foregoing embodiment, based on a feature of the cell handover in the NTN communication scenario, the network device may indicate the terminal to delete the configuration information of the candidate cell after the cell handover is completed. Correspondingly, the network device may release a resource of the corresponding candidate cell, to avoid long-time invalid resource reservation and effectively improve resource utilization.

In another embodiment, if the handover fails, or the terminal hands over to a cell other than the candidate cell, the candidate cell releases the resource reserved for the terminal. For example, if the candidate cell does not receive a handover completion message (for example, an RRC reconfiguration completion message) within specified time, the candidate cell releases the resource reserved for the terminal. The specified time may be time at which the terminal is expected to access the target cell, and the time may be carried in a handover request message. Alternatively, when service end time (or coverage end time) of the candidate cell for the terminal expires or times out, the candidate cell releases the resource reserved for the terminal. For example, the service end time of the candidate cell for the terminal may be t-service.

In addition, the embodiments further provide a communication method, to improve a manner in which a network device configures a resource for a terminal, so that signaling overheads for configuring a resource can be effectively reduced. For example, the network device side divides configuration information of one candidate cell into two parts. One part of the configuration information is common configuration information (which may also be referred to as cell-level configuration information, cell specific configuration) of the candidate cell, such as, a same part of the configuration information of the candidate cell for all UE. The other part of the configuration information is a different part (which may also be referred to as UE-level configuration information, UE specific configuration) of the configuration information of the candidate cell for the UE. The other part of the configuration information may further include some information that is the same as that of the candidate cell for each UE.

1 2 3 4 1 2 2 3 3 4 3 4 1 1 3 4 4 2 2 4 1 2 3 4 2 3 4 3 4 The network side broadcasts the common configuration information of the candidate cell through a broadcast message, so that when sending the configuration information of the candidate cell to the UE, the network side may not send the common configuration information of the candidate cell to each UE through a dedicated RRC message (also referred to as a UE-level RRC message, for example, an RRC reconfiguration message) of each UE. In this way, signaling overheads generated during configuration of the candidate cell are reduced. Further, when a plurality of candidate cells configured by the network side for the UE are not in a direct neighboring cell relationship, a current serving cell does not broadcast common configuration information of all candidate cells. The current serving cell broadcasts only common configuration information of a candidate cell that is a neighboring cell of the current serving cell. In this way, signaling overheads caused by broadcasting the common configuration information of the candidate cell by the serving cell can be reduced. It may also be understood that, if the network side determines possible candidate cells for a plurality of times of cell handover when determining candidate cell information for the terminal, one cell may include, in a broadcast message, only common configuration information of a candidate cell corresponding to a next time of cell handover of the terminal, to further reduce signaling overheads of the common configuration information of the candidate cell in the broadcast message. For example, the current serving cell of the UE is a cell, and candidate cells configured by the network side for the terminal include a cell, a cell, and a cell. A possible handover sequence of the UE is that the UE hands over from the cellto the cell, hands over from the cellto the cell, and hands over from the cellto the cell. The celland the cellare not direct neighboring cells of the cell. In other words, the UE does not hand over from the cellto the cellor the cell. The cellis not a direct neighboring cell of the cell. In other words, the UE does not hand over from the cellto the cell. In this case, the cellmay broadcast only common configuration information of the cell, and may not broadcast common configuration information of the celland common configuration information of the cell. The cellmay broadcast only the common configuration information of the cell, and may not broadcast the common configuration information of the cell. The cellmay broadcast only the common configuration information of the cell.

12 FIG. In an embodiment, as shown in, the method may include the following steps or operations.

1201 : the terminal sends a measurement report to the network device.

1202 : the network device determines at least one candidate cell corresponding to the terminal.

1201 1202 Step or operationand step or operationare optional.

For example, the network device may determine, based on the measurement report or other related information, the at least one candidate cell corresponding to the terminal.

The following describes a manner of determining and delivering configuration information of a plurality of candidate cells.

1 2 1. In the intra-gNB DU scenario, the plurality of candidate cells of the terminal belong to a same DU. When the terminal accesses a cell, a CU may determine, for the terminal, a plurality of candidate cells, for example, including a cellto a cell N; or a current serving cell determines only a candidate cell for a next time of cell handover of the terminal, and the candidate cell determines a candidate cell for subsequent handover. It can be understood from the foregoing that a handover scenario includes handover scenarios such as an intra-gNB-DU scenario, an inter-gNB DU intra-gNB CU scenario, and an inter-gNB CU scenario.

1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 2 3 4 1 1 1 2 3 4 For example, according to a running rule of a satellite, a cell handover sequence of the terminal is the cell→the cell(or a cell)→a cell. When the terminal accesses the cell, candidate cells for a first time of cell handover may be the celland the cell, and a candidate cell for a second time of cell handover is the cell. In this case, the CU may determine that candidate cells of the terminal are the cell, the cell, and the cellwhen the terminal accesses the cell. When the cellconfigures candidate cells for the terminal through a dedicated RRC message, the dedicated RRC message carries only some configuration information (such as, first configuration information described below) of each candidate cell, and does not carry common configuration information (such as, second configuration information described below) of each candidate cell. The cellbroadcasts common configuration information of the celland the cell, but does not broadcast common configuration information of the cell. Therefore, each cell broadcasts only common configuration information that is of another candidate cell and that is used when the cell is handed over to the another candidate cell. This reduces signaling overheads.

In an embodiment, the network device includes a CU and a DU, and the candidate cells are determined by the CU. The CU may send identifiers of the plurality of candidate cells to the DU by sending a UE context modification request message or a UE context setup request message to the DU, to request to configure the candidate cells for the terminal, and the DU performs access control. For example, the DU accepts a part of or all candidate cell requests, and sends a UE context modification response message or a UE context setup response message to the CU, to indicate an access control result of the DU. Then, the DU sends configuration information of the determined candidate cells to the CU. Then, the CU sends the configuration information to the terminal.

1 2 2. In the inter-gNB DU intra-gNB CU scenario, the plurality of candidate cells of the terminal may belong to different DUs but belong to a same CU. Similarly, when the terminal accesses a cell, a CU may determine, for the terminal, a plurality of candidate cells, for example, including a cellto a cell N; or a current serving cell determines only a candidate cell for a next time of cell handover of the terminal, and the candidate cell determines a candidate cell for subsequent handover. For details, refer to descriptions in the intra-gNB DU. 3. In the inter-gNB CU scenario, the candidate cells of the terminal may belong to another CU. The inter-gNB CU scenario may also be referred to as an inter-gNB scenario. Interaction between a source CU and a target CU may be referred to as interaction between a source network device (also referred to as a source base station) and a target network device (also referred to as a target base station). In this case, the source network device may request configuration information of a candidate cell from the target network device. For example, the source network device may send a handover request message to the target network device, and the target network device returns a handover acknowledge message to the source network device, where the handover acknowledge message may carry the configuration information of the candidate cell. Optionally, when the CU sends the identifiers of the configured candidate cells to the DU, the CU sends indication information #A to the DU, to indicate that the DU may return only a part (such as, the first configuration information described below) of the configuration information when returning the configuration information of the candidate cells. Alternatively, the indication information #A indicates that the DU may not return common configuration information of the candidate cells when returning the configuration information of the candidate cells.

1202 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 Optionally, in an embodiment, in step or operation, when performing handover preparation, the source network device may determine a plurality of candidate cells to which the terminal subsequently hands over. The plurality of candidate cells may correspond to different network devices. The plurality of candidate cells include a candidate cell of a target network devicewhen the source network device is handed over to the target network device, and also include a candidate cell of a target network devicewhen the target network deviceis handed over to the target network device. In other words, the source network device determines, for the terminal, a plurality of candidate cells for subsequent cross-network-device handover. A handover acknowledge message sent by the target network deviceto the source network device carries configuration information of the candidate cell of the target network device, and also includes configuration information of the candidate cell of the target network device. For example, a handover request message sent by the source network device to the target network devicecarries identifiers of the plurality of candidate cells determined by the source network device (including an identifier of a candidate cell corresponding to another target network device to which the terminal hands over from the target network device). The handover request message sent by the source network device to the target network device 1 carries an identifier of the candidate cell of the target network device 1. Further, the handover request message further carries an identifier of the candidate cell of the target network device 2. After the target network device 1 receives the identifier that is of the candidate cell of the target network device 2 and that is sent by the source network device, the target network device 1 sends a handover request message to the target network device 2, where the handover request message carries the identifier of the candidate cell of the target network device 2. A handover acknowledge message sent by the target network device 2 to the target network device 1 carries the configuration information of the candidate cell of the target network device 2. Then, the handover acknowledge message sent by the target network device 1 to the source network device carries the configuration information of the candidate cell of the target network device 2 and the configuration information of the candidate cell of the target network device 1. Then, the source network device sends the configuration information of the candidate cell of the target network device 1 and the configuration information of the candidate cell of the target network device 2 to the terminal device.

1202 Optionally, in another embodiment, in step or operation, when performing handover preparation, the source network device determines only one or more candidate cells of a next target network device 1 of the terminal. Then, the target network device 1 determines one or more candidate cells when the target network device 1 is handed over to another network device. For example, a handover request message sent by the source network device to the target network device 1 carries an identifier of the candidate cell that is of the target network device 1 and that is determined by the source network device. Optionally, the handover request message further carries indication information, indicating that the target network device 1 may prepare a candidate cell of another target network device for the terminal. Then, the target network device 1 determines a candidate cell of a target network device 2 when the terminal hands over from the target network device 1 to the target network device 2. The target network device 1 sends a handover request message to the target network device 2, where the handover request message carries the candidate cell that is of the target network device 2 and that is determined by the target network device 1. Then, a handover acknowledge message sent by the target network device 2 to the target network device 1 carries configuration information of the candidate cell of the target network device 2. Then, a handover acknowledge message sent by the target network device 1 to the source network device carries the configuration information of the candidate cell of the target network device 2 and configuration information of the candidate cell of the target network device 1. Then, the source network device sends the configuration information of the candidate cell of the target network device 1 and the configuration information of the candidate cell of the target network device 2 to the terminal device.

1203 1205 802 808 905 908 Optionally, the foregoing two embodiments may also be independent of the following step or operationto step or operation. For example, in LTM handover, step or operationto step or operationare used subsequently. For another example, in CHO handover, step or operationto step or operationare used subsequently.

Optionally, the handover request message sent by the source network device to the target network device carries indication information #A, to indicate the target network device to send only the part (such as, the first configuration information described below) of the configuration information when the target network device sends the configuration information of the candidate cell to the source network device. Alternatively, the indication information #A indicates that the target network device may not send common configuration information of the candidate cell when sending the configuration information of the candidate cell to the source network device.

Optionally, the source network device is a network device that is initially accessed by the terminal last time.

1203 : the network device sends an RRC reconfiguration message to the terminal, where the RRC reconfiguration message includes the first configuration information.

The first configuration information may include a part of the configuration information of the at least one candidate cell. In other words, the first configuration information is only the part of the configuration information of the at least one candidate cell. The terminal cannot obtain all the configuration information of the candidate cell based on a configuration of the current serving cell and the first configuration information. The first configuration information includes at least UE-level configuration information of the at least one candidate cell for the terminal. For example, the first configuration information includes at least one of a C-RNTI identifier, a radio link control layer configuration parameter, a packet data convergence protocol layer configuration parameter, or a service data adaptation protocol layer configuration parameter that is allocated by the candidate cell to the UE in the configuration information of the candidate cell.

1204 : the network device broadcasts second configuration information.

1202 The second configuration information includes the common configuration information of a part of candidate cells in the at least one candidate cell determined in step or operation, and the part of candidate cells are candidate cells corresponding to a next time of cell handover performed by the terminal. In addition, different candidate cells may correspond to different second configuration information, for example, the second configuration information is cell-level configuration information. For example, the second configuration information may include serving cell common configuration information of the candidate cell. The serving cell common configuration information may include a candidate cell identifier, downlink frequency information of the candidate cell, an initial downlink bandwidth part (BWP) of the candidate cell, uplink frequency information of the candidate cell, an initial uplink bandwidth part of the candidate cell, SSB location information of the candidate cell (for example, a time domain position of an SSB in a half frame and an SSB periodicity), a subcarrier spacing of an SSB of the candidate cell, power of the SSB of the candidate cell, and the like.

1204 That the network device broadcasts the second configuration information in step or operationmeans that each serving cell broadcasts only second configuration information corresponding to a neighboring cell of the serving cell.

1 2 3 2 3 4 It can be understood that in embodiments, the network device may send UE-level configuration information of each candidate cell to the terminal through a dedicated RRC message (for example, an RRC reconfiguration message), and the cell-level configuration information of the candidate cell may be sent through a broadcast message. Further, each cell may only broadcast cell-level configuration information of a candidate cell for a next time of cell handover of the terminal or only cell-level configuration information corresponding to a neighboring cell of the cell. For example, a serving cellcurrently accessed by the terminal only broadcast cell-level configuration information of a celland a cell; and the cellor the cellonly broadcasts cell-level configuration information of a candidate cell for a next time of cell handover, for example, cell-level configuration information of a cell.

It should be noted that the resource configuration solution provided in embodiments may be applied to a LTM handover procedure and another handover procedure, for example, a CHO scenario, a DAPS handover scenario, or a consecutive handover scenario. This is not limited.

1204 1201 1203 A sequence of step or operationand step or operationto step or operationis not limited.

1205 : the terminal obtains the first configuration information and the second configuration information.

Correspondingly, the terminal receives the RRC reconfiguration message from the network device, and obtains the first configuration information, for example, obtains the UE-level configuration information of the at least one candidate cell.

The terminal receives the broadcast message from the network device, and obtains the second configuration information, for example, obtains the cell-level configuration information of the candidate cell corresponding to the next time of cell handover performed by the terminal.

For example, the terminal reads, in the current serving cell, a system message of the candidate cell for the next time of handover. The system message includes the second configuration information. The terminal device may obtain, based on the first configuration information and the second configuration information, all configuration information required for accessing the candidate cell.

1205 Optionally, in step or operation, the terminal may obtain the first configuration information and the second configuration information at different moments. A sequence is not limited.

1203 1204 Optionally, if the terminal successfully receives the first configuration information and the second configuration information in the foregoing step or operationand step or operation, the terminal successfully obtains the cell-level configuration information and the UE-level configuration information that are of the candidate target cell and that are configured by the network device for the terminal. The complete configuration information of the at least one candidate cell may be obtained by combining the cell-level configuration information and the UE-level configuration information.

Optionally, the terminal accesses a target cell. The terminal receives, from the target cell, second configuration information sent by the target cell, and the terminal obtains, based on the first configuration information and the second configuration information that is sent by the target cell, complete configuration information of a candidate cell for a next time of handover of the terminal.

1 2 3 1 2 3 2 1 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 3 2 3 3 3 For example, if the terminal currently accesses the cell, and then hands over to the celland the cellsuccessively, the terminal receives an RRC reconfiguration message from a network device of the cell, and obtains first configuration information, including UE-level configuration information of the celland UE-level configuration information of the cell. In addition, the terminal may obtain cell-level configuration information of the cellfrom broadcast information of the network device of the cell, so that the terminal obtains complete configuration information of the cellbased on the cell-level configuration information of the cellin combination with the UE-level configuration information of the cell. Subsequently, after the terminal receives a handover command for handover to the cell(for example, a handover command in the LTM handover) or when the terminal determines to hand over from the cellto the cell(for example, in the CHO handover, the terminal determines that a trigger condition of the cellis met), the terminal hands over to the cell. After the terminal accesses the cell, the terminal may obtain cell-level configuration information of the cellfrom broadcast information of a network device of the cell, so that the terminal obtains complete configuration information of the cellbased on the cell-level configuration information of the cellin combination with the UE-level configuration information of the cell.

In an embodiment, after obtaining the complete configuration information of the at least one candidate cell, the terminal may send an acknowledge message to the network device corresponding to the current serving cell, to indicate that the terminal has received the complete configuration information of the candidate cell or the common configuration information of the candidate cell. Optionally, the terminal may further send indication information to the network device corresponding to the current serving cell, to indicate a candidate cell whose complete configuration information has been received or a candidate cell whose common configuration information has been received.

1201 1205 It may be noted that the foregoing step or operationto step or operationare used to describe steps or operations performed by a communication apparatus, and a sequence of the steps or operations is not limited.

12 FIG. 8 FIG. 11 FIG. 12 FIG. 1204 1104 1110 In an embodiment, the method shown inis used in a LTM handover scenario. For details, refer to the handover procedures shown inand. For example, in the method shown in, after step or operation, the foregoing step or operationto step or operationmay be further included. Details are not described herein again.

12 FIG. 12 FIG. 1203 1205 1204 906 908 In another embodiment, the method shown inis applied to a CHO scenario. In the CHO scenario, the terminal may also obtain the configuration information of the candidate cell in a manner in step or operationto step or operation. For example, the source base station delivers terminal-level configuration information through an RRC reconfiguration message, and then broadcasts a system message of a neighboring cell. Correspondingly, the terminal receives the RRC reconfiguration message and reads the system message. An execution sequence of receiving the RRC reconfiguration message and reading the system message is not limited. In this manner, complete configuration information of a candidate cell may be obtained. For example, in the method shown in, after step or operation, the foregoing step or operationto step or operationmay be further included. Details are not described herein again.

11 FIG. In addition, similar to embodiments in, after the network device receives a cell handover completion indication message sent by the terminal, the network device may release a resource of at least one candidate cell corresponding to a current time of cell handover of the terminal. Alternatively, after sending the cell handover completion indication message to the network device, the terminal may send, to the network device, a request message for releasing a candidate cell resource, so that after receiving the request message for releasing the candidate cell resource from the terminal, the network device may release a resource of at least one candidate cell corresponding to a current time of cell handover of the terminal. For example, for a process in which the network device releases the candidate cell resource, refer to content in the foregoing embodiments. Details are not described herein again.

In the foregoing embodiments, in the foregoing configuration delivery manner, the network device may separately deliver the cell-level configuration information and the UE-level configuration information of the candidate cell to the terminal, to reduce signaling overheads. In addition, after the cell handover of the terminal is completed, the network device may release a resource of a candidate cell reserved for the terminal, so that resource utilization can be further improved.

It should be noted that the foregoing several embodiments provided in the embodiments may be separately used, or the several embodiments may be used together. For example, an execution step or operation of each embodiment is applied to a same procedure. Details are not described in the embodiments one by one.

13 FIG. 1300 1301 1302 In addition, the embodiments further provide a communication apparatus. As shown in, the communication apparatusmay include a processing moduleand a transceiver module.

800 10 FIG. 12 FIG. For example, the communication apparatusmay implement functions of the terminal in the possible embodiments into. For details, refer to detailed descriptions in the foregoing method examples. Details are not described herein again.

13 FIG. 10 FIG. 12 FIG. 1300 1301 1302 In addition, the embodiments further provide a communication apparatus. The communication apparatus may be a network device. As shown in, the communication apparatusmay include a processing moduleand a transceiver module. The communication apparatus has a function of implementing the network device in the possible embodiments into. The function may be implemented by hardware, or may be implemented by hardware executing corresponding software. The hardware or the software includes one or more modules corresponding to the foregoing function.

10 FIG. 1300 1301 1302 For example, in the embodiments shown in, if the communication apparatusis configured to implement a function of the network device, the processing modulemay be configured to determine at least one candidate cell. The transceiver modulemay be configured to send first indication information to a terminal, where the first indication information indicates a condition for the terminal to perform measurement on the at least one candidate cell.

10 FIG. 1300 1302 For example, in the embodiments shown in, if the communication apparatusis configured to implement a function of a terminal, the transceiver moduleis configured to receive first indication information from a network device, where the first indication information indicates a condition for the terminal to perform measurement on at least one candidate cell.

For an execution process and embodiments of the communication apparatus, refer to the steps or operations performed by the terminal or the network device in the foregoing method embodiments and related descriptions. For resolved problems and brought effect, refer to the content in the foregoing embodiments. Details are not described herein again.

14 FIG. 14 FIG. 14 FIG. 14 FIG. 1400 1400 1400 1400 1400 It may be understood that, with reference to, network elements such as a terminal or a network device in embodiments may have a composition structure shown inor include components shown in.is a diagram of a structure of a communication apparatusaccording to an embodiment. When the communication apparatushas a function of the terminal in embodiments, the communication apparatusmay be a terminal, or a chip or a system-on-a-chip in a terminal. When the communication apparatushas a function of the network device in embodiments, the communication apparatusmay be a network device, or a chip or a system-on-a-chip in a network device.

14 FIG. 1400 1401 1402 1403 1400 1404 1401 1404 1403 1402 As shown in, the communication apparatusmay include a processor, a communication line, and a communication interface. Further, the communication apparatusmay further include a memory. The processor, the memory, and the communication interfacemay be connected to each other through the communication line.

1401 1401 The processormay be a central processing unit (CPU), a general-purpose processor, a network processor (NP), a digital signal processor (DSP), a microprocessor, a microcontroller, a programmable logic device, or any combination thereof. Alternatively, the processormay be another apparatus having a processing function, for example, a circuit, a component, or a software module.

1402 1400 The communication lineis configured to transmit information between the components included in the communication apparatus.

1403 1403 The communication interfaceis configured to communicate with another device or another communication network. The another communication network may be the Ethernet, a radio access network (RAN), a wireless local area network (WLAN), or the like. The communication interfacemay be an interface circuit, a pin, a radio frequency module, a transceiver, or any apparatus that can implement communication.

1404 The memoryis configured to store instructions. The instructions may be computer programs.

1404 The memorymay be a read-only memory (ROM) or another type of static storage device that can store static information and/or instructions; may be a random access memory (RAM) or another type of dynamic storage device that can store information and/or instructions; or may be an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or another optical disc storage, an optical disc storage, a magnetic disk storage medium, or another magnetic storage device. The optical disc storage includes a compact optical disc, a laser disc, an optical disc, a digital versatile disc, a Blu-ray disc, or the like.

1404 1401 1401 1404 1404 1400 1400 1401 1404 It should be noted that the memorymay be independent of the processor, or may be integrated with the processor. The memorymay be configured to store instructions, program code, some data, or the like. The memorymay be located inside the communication apparatus, or may be located outside the communication apparatus. This is not limited. The processoris configured to execute the instructions stored in the memory, to implement the method provided in embodiments.

1401 0 1 14 FIG. In an example, the processormay include one or more CPUs, for example, a CPUand a CPUin.

1400 1401 1400 1407 14 FIG. In an optional embodiment, the communication apparatusincludes a plurality of processors. For example, in addition to the processorin, the communication apparatusmay include a processor.

1400 1405 1406 1406 1405 In an optional embodiment, the communication apparatusfurther includes an output deviceand an input device. For example, the input deviceis a device, for example, a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, or a joystick, and the output deviceis a device, for example, a display or a speaker.

1400 14 FIG. 14 FIG. 14 FIG. It should be noted that the communication apparatusmay be a wearable device, a desktop computer, a portable computer, a network server, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a wireless terminal, an embedded device, a chip system, or a device having a structure similar to that in. In addition, the composition structure shown indoes not constitute a limitation on the communication apparatus. In addition to the components shown in, the communication apparatus may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, some components may be combined, or different component arrangements may be used.

In embodiments, the chip system may include a chip, or may include a chip and another discrete component.

13 FIG. 13 FIG. 14 FIG. 13 FIG. 14 FIG. 1301 1401 1404 1302 1403 With reference to, for example, a function/implementation process of the processing moduleinmay be implemented by the processorinby invoking the computer program instructions stored in the memory. For example, a function/implementation process of the transceiver moduleinmay be implemented through the communication interfacein.

1300 1302 1301 1302 1301 1302 1301 When the communication apparatusis an electronic device, the transceiver modulemay be a transceiver, and may include an antenna, a radio frequency circuit, and the like, and the processing modulemay be a processor, for example, a baseband chip. When the apparatus is a component having the function of the terminal or the network device in the foregoing embodiments, the transceiver modulemay be a radio frequency unit, and the processing modulemay be a processor. When the apparatus is a chip system, the transceiver modulemay be an input interface and/or an output interface of the chip system, and the processing modulemay be a processor of the chip system, for example, a central processing unit (CPU).

1401 1404 1400 14 FIG. In some embodiments, the processorinmay invoke the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory, so that the apparatuscan perform the operations performed by the terminal or the network device in the foregoing method embodiments, to implement the foregoing possible implementation methods in the embodiments.

14 FIG. In embodiments, the communication apparatus is presented in a form of functional modules obtained through division in an integrated manner. The “module” herein may be a circuit, a processor for executing one or more software or firmware programs, a memory, an integrated logic circuit, and/or another device that may provide the foregoing functions. In a simple embodiment, a person skilled in the art may figure out that the communication apparatus may be in the form shown in.

1401 1400 In an example embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium including instructions or a computer program product is further provided. The instructions may be executed by the processorof the communication apparatusto complete the method in the foregoing embodiments. Therefore, for effect that can be achieved by the non-transitory computer-readable storage medium or the computer program product, refer to the foregoing method embodiments. Details are not described herein again.

The embodiments further provide a computer program product. The computer program product includes instructions, and when the instructions are executed, a computer is enabled to perform an operation corresponding to the terminal device or the network device in the foregoing method.

An embodiment further provides a system chip. The system chip includes a processing unit and a communication unit. The processing unit may be, for example, a processor, and the communication unit may be, for example, an input/output interface, a pin, a circuit, or the like. The processing unit may execute computer instructions, so that a communication apparatus in which the chip is used performs the operations of the terminal device and the network device in the method provided in the foregoing embodiments.

Optionally, any communication apparatus provided in embodiments may include the system chip.

Optionally, the computer instructions are stored in a storage unit.

An embodiment further provides a communication system. The communication system may include the terminal and the network device in any one of the foregoing embodiments.

All or some of the foregoing embodiments may be implemented by using software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When a software program is used to implement embodiments, embodiments may be implemented completely or partially in a form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or some of the procedures or functions according to embodiments are generated. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a dedicated computer, a computer network, or another programmable apparatus.

The protocol described in the embodiments may be a communication protocol or a specification document, for example, a 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) communication protocol.

It can be understood that in embodiments, the terminal and/or the network device may perform some or all of the steps or operations in embodiment. These steps or operations are examples. In embodiments, other operations or variations of various operations may be further performed. In addition, the steps or operations may be performed in a sequence different from that presented in embodiments, and not all the operations in embodiments may be performed.

In the embodiments, “at least one” means one or more, and “a plurality of” means two or more. “And/or” describes an association relationship between associated objects, and represents that three relationships may exist. For example, A and/or B may represent the following cases: a exists alone, both A and B exist, and B exists alone, where A and B may be singular or plural. In text descriptions, the character “/” generally represents an “or” relationship between associated objects.

The terms “first” and “second” are intended for a purpose of description, and shall not be understood as an indication or implication of relative importance or an implicit indication of a quantity of indicated features. Therefore, a feature limited by “first” or “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features.

It may be noted that in the embodiments, the term like “example” or “for example” is used to represent giving an example, an illustration, or a description. Any embodiment described as an “example” or “for example” in the embodiments may not be explained as having more advantages than another embodiment. To be precise, use of words like “example” or “for example” is intended to present a relative concept in a particular manner.

In embodiments, unless otherwise stated or if there is a logic conflict, terms and/or descriptions in different embodiments are consistent and may be mutually referenced, and features in different embodiments may be combined into a new embodiment based on an internal logical relationship thereof.