Optimizing Parking Locations

The present disclosure relates to a system and method for selecting optimized parking spaces based on a driver's preferences.

In-vehicle information systems have become commonplace in vehicles such as automobiles, trucks, sport utility vehicles, etc. In some instances, the information systems may be used to configure user preferences. For example, the information systems present options to the user and the user indicates their preferences by selecting one or more of the options.

A driver of a vehicle may experience anxiety and uncertainty when searching for an optimal parking spot due to lack of information about possible empty spaces that are available to them, and which may better satisfy their own preferences. Current automated driving systems do not include searching for and choosing a parking location adaptive to a user's preferences. Further, current automated driving systems do not explain their choices.

Thus, while current systems and methods achieve their intended purpose, there is a need for a new and improved system and method to select an optimal parking space by adapting selection of a parking space to a drivers' preferences and contextual information, interacting with the user regarding the selection of parking space, and explaining the reasoning behind parking space selections.

According to several aspects of the present disclosure, a method of selecting an optimized parking location for a vehicle, includes, with a data processor of a system for selecting an optimized parking location within the vehicle, presenting, via a human machine interface (HMI), a list of parking preference options to a user within the vehicle, collecting, via the HMI, parking preferences for the user for each of the options presented in the list of parking preference options, identifying a destination of the vehicle, identifying a current location of the vehicle, collecting data from a plurality of sensors within the vehicle related to a number of passengers within the vehicle and cargo within the vehicle, collecting, via a wireless communication module within the vehicle, data from external sources and creating a list of potential parking spaces, filtering the list of potential parking spaces based on availability, collecting, via the wireless communication module within the vehicle, and sensors within the vehicle, data related to environmental and contextual conditions for each of the potential parking spaces, accessing, with the data processor, a user model based on historical data of parking events for the vehicle, further filtering the list of potential parking spaces based on user preferences, data related to environmental and contextual conditions, and the user model and creating a filtered list of potential parking spaces, ranking each of the potential parking spaces in the filtered list based on the parking preferences of the driver, the data related to environmental and contextual conditions, and the user model, selecting, from the filtered list of potential parking spaces, a sub-set of potential parking spaces based on rank, displaying, via the HMI, the sub-set of potential parking spaces to the user, receiving, from the user, via the HMI, a selection of one of the displayed sub-set of potential parking spaces, and, at least one of initiating, via communication with a vehicle controller, autonomous travel to and parking within the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces, and displaying, via the HMI, directions to the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces.

According to another aspect, the method further includes, upon arrival of the vehicle at the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces, collecting, with the sensors within the vehicle, data related to environmental and contextual conditions at the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces, re-ranking the list of filtered potential parking spaces and updating the sub-set of potential parking spaces, displaying, with the HMI, the updated sub-set of potential parking spaces; and receiving, from the user, via the HMI, one of a selection, by the user, to continue parking in the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces, or a selection, of one of the displayed updated sub-set of potential parking spaces that the user now wishes to park within, and, at least one of initiating, via communication with a vehicle controller, autonomous travel to and parking within the selected one of the updated sub-set of potential parking spaces, and displaying, via the HMI, directions to the selected one of the updated sub-set of potential parking spaces.

According to another aspect, the method further includes, upon arrival of the vehicle at the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces, receiving, from the user, via the HMI, a rejection of the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces, prompting, with the HMI, an explanation for the rejection, and updating the user model based on rejection of the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces and the explanation provided by the user.

According to another aspect, the collecting, with the data processor, via the HMI, parking preferences for the user for each of the options presented in the list of parking preference options further includes collecting, with the data processor, via the HMI, a ranking for each of the options presented in the list of parking preference options, and a classification for the user's preference for each of the options presented in the list of parking preference options.

According to another aspect, the displaying, via the HMI, the sub-set of potential parking spaces to the user further includes displaying, with a hybrid head-up-display system, upon an inner surface of a windshield of the vehicle, text and graphics adapted to identify and provide information related to the sub-set of potential parking spaces.

According to another aspect, the collecting, via the HMI, parking preferences for the user for each of the options presented in the list of parking preference options further includes receiving, from the user, via the HMI, a preference for the data processor to, when a destination for the vehicle has been identified, send instructions to the vehicle controller to automatically and autonomously, navigate the vehicle to a highest ranked one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces, and park the vehicle within the highest ranked one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces.

According to another aspect, the collecting, via the HMI, parking preferences for the user for each of the options presented in the list of parking preference options further includes receiving, from the user, via the HMI, a preference for the data processor to, when a destination for the vehicle has been identified and a selection of one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces has been received from the user, send instructions to the vehicle controller to automatically and autonomously, navigate the vehicle to the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces, and park the vehicle within the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces.

According to another aspect, the displaying, via the HMI, the sub-set of potential parking spaces to the user further includes displaying, with at least one of the HMI and the hybrid head-up-display system, explanations for the ranking of each of the displayed sub-set of potential parking spaces.

According to another aspect, the displaying, with at least one of the HMI and the hybrid head-up-display system, explanations for the ranking of each of the displayed sub-set of potential parking spaces further includes displaying a comparison of parking characteristics of each of the sub-set of potential parking spaces to user preferences.

According to another aspect, the method further includes collecting, via the wireless communication module within the vehicle, data from external sources related to availability of parking spaces within a parking structure at the identified destination, and, one of determining, with the data processor, based on the user model, that the identified destination is familiar to the user, and displaying a sub-set of potential parking spaces to the user only when the number of available parking spaces at the parking structure at the destination is less than a first pre-determined threshold, or determining, with the data processor, based on the user model, that the identified destination is un-familiar to the user, and displaying a sub-set of potential parking spaces to the user only when the number of available parking spaces at the parking structure at the destination is less than a second pre-determined threshold.

According to another aspect, the method further includes updating, with the data processor, the user model based on Inputs, from the user, collected by the data processor, via the HMI, selection, by the user, of one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces, rejection, by the user, of a selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces by a user, and completion of parking within the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces.

According to another aspect, the method further includes repeating the creating a filtered list of potential parking spaces, the ranking each of the potential parking spaces in the filtered list, the selecting, from the filtered list of potential parking spaces, a sub-set of potential parking spaces based on rank, and the displaying, via the HMI, the sub-set of potential parking spaces to the user at a pre-determined interval until the vehicle has parked.

According to several aspects of the present disclosure, a system for selecting an optimized parking location for a vehicle incudes a data processor adapted to control the system, a human machine interface (HMI) adapted to present a list of parking preference options to a user within the vehicle and to collect, from the user, parking preferences for the user for each of the options presented in the list of parking preference options, the data processor further adapted to identifying a destination of the vehicle, identifying a current location of the vehicle, collect data from a plurality of sensors within the vehicle related to a number of passengers within the vehicle and cargo within the vehicle, collect, via a wireless communication module within the vehicle, data from external sources and create a list of potential parking spaces, filter the list of potential parking spaces based on availability, collect, via the wireless communication module within the vehicle, and the plurality of sensors within the vehicle, data related to environmental and contextual conditions for each of the potential parking spaces, access a user model based on historical data of parking events for the vehicle, further filter the list of potential parking spaces based on user preferences, data related to environmental and contextual conditions, and the user model and creating a filtered list of potential parking spaces, rank each of the potential parking spaces in the filtered list based on the parking preferences of the driver, the data related to environmental and contextual conditions, and the user model, select, from the filtered list of potential parking spaces, a sub-set of potential parking spaces based on rank, display, via the HMI, the sub-set of potential parking spaces to the user with an explanation for the rankings, receive, from the user, via the HMI, a selection of one of the displayed sub-set of potential parking spaces, and, at least one of initiate, via communication with a vehicle controller, autonomous travel to and parking within the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces, and display, via the HMI, directions to the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces, and repeat the creating a filtered list of potential parking spaces, the ranking each of the potential parking spaces in the filtered list, the selecting, from the filtered list of potential parking spaces, a sub-set of potential parking spaces based on rank, and the displaying, via the HMI, the sub-set of potential parking spaces to the user at a pre-determined interval until the vehicle has parked.

According to another aspect, upon arrival of the vehicle at the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces, the data processor is further adapted to collect, with the plurality of sensors within the vehicle, data related to environmental and contextual conditions at the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces, re-rank the list of filtered potential parking spaces and update the sub-set of potential parking spaces, display, with the HMI, the updated sub-set of potential parking spaces; and receive, from the user, via the HMI, one of a selection, by the user, to continue parking in the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces, or a selection, by the user, of one of the displayed updated sub-set of potential parking spaces that the user now wishes to park within, and, at least one of initiate, via communication with the vehicle controller, autonomous travel to and parking within the selected one of the updated sub-set of potential parking spaces, and display, via the HMI, directions to the selected one of the updated sub-set of potential parking spaces.

According to another aspect, upon arrival of the vehicle at the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces, the data processor is further adapted to receive, from the user, via the HMI, a rejection of the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces, prompt, with the HMI, an explanation for the rejection, and update the user model based on rejection of the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces and the explanation provided by the user.

According to another aspect, when collecting, via the HMI, parking preferences for the user for each of the options presented in the list of parking preference options, the data processor is further adapted to collect, with the data processor, via the HMI, a ranking for each of the options presented in the list of parking preference options, and a classification for the user's preference for each of the options presented in the list of parking preference options, and a preference for the data processor to one of when a destination for the vehicle has been identified, send instructions to the vehicle controller to automatically and autonomously navigate the vehicle to a highest ranked one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces, and park the vehicle within the highest ranked one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces, or when a destination for the vehicle has been identified and a selection of one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces has been received from the user, send instructions to the vehicle controller to automatically and autonomously navigate the vehicle to the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces, and park the vehicle within the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces.

According to another aspect, when displaying, via the HMI, the sub-set of potential parking spaces to the user, the data processor is further adapted to display, with a hybrid head-up-display system, upon an inner surface of a windshield of the vehicle, text and graphics adapted to identify and provide information related to the sub-set of potential parking spaces.

According to another aspect, the data processor is further adapted to collect, via the wireless communication module within the vehicle, data from external sources related to availability of parking spaces within a parking structure at the identified destination, and, one of determine, based on the user model, that the identified destination is familiar to the user, and display a sub-set of potential parking spaces to the user only when the number of available parking spaces at the parking structure at the destination is less than a first pre-determined threshold, or determine, based on the user model, that the identified destination is un-familiar to the user, and display a sub-set of potential parking spaces to the user only when the number of available parking spaces at the parking structure at the destination is less than a second pre-determined threshold.

According to another aspect, the data processor is further adapted to updated the user model based on inputs, from the user, collected by the data processor, via the HMI, selection, by the user, of one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces, rejection, by the user, of a selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces by a user, and completion of parking within the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces.

Further areas of applicability will become apparent from the description provided herein. It should be understood that the description and specific examples are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure.

The following description is merely exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the present disclosure, application, or uses. Furthermore, there is no intention to be bound by any expressed or implied theory presented in the preceding technical field, background, brief summary or the following detailed description. It should be understood that throughout the drawings, corresponding reference numerals indicate like or corresponding parts and features. As used herein, the term module refers to any hardware, software, firmware, electronic control component, processing logic, and/or processor device, individually or in any combination, including without limitation: 4 (ASIC), an electronic circuit, a processor (shared, dedicated, or group) and memory that executes one or more software or firmware programs, a combinational logic circuit, and/or other suitable components that provide the described functionality. Although the figures shown herein depict an example with certain arrangements of elements, additional intervening elements, devices, features, or components may be present in actual embodiments. It should also be understood that the figures are merely illustrative and may not be drawn to scale.

As used herein, the term “vehicle” is not limited to automobiles. While the present technology is described primarily herein in connection with automobiles, the technology is not limited to automobiles. The concepts can be used in a wide variety of applications, such as in connection with aircraft, marine craft, other vehicles, and consumer electronic components.

Example embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough, and will fully convey the scope to those who are skilled in the art. Numerous specific details are set forth such as examples of specific compositions, components, devices, and methods, to provide a thorough understanding of embodiments of the present disclosure. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that specific details need not be employed, that example embodiments may be embodied in many different forms and that neither should be construed to limit the scope of the disclosure. In some example embodiments, well-known processes, well-known device structures, and well-known technologies are not described in detail.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular example embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” may be intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The terms “comprises,” “comprising,” “including,” and “having,” are inclusive and therefore specify the presence of stated features, elements, compositions, steps, integers, operations, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. Although the open-ended term “comprising,” is to be understood as a non-restrictive term used to describe and claim various embodiments set forth herein, in certain aspects, the term may alternatively be understood to instead be a more limiting and restrictive term, such as “consisting of” or “consisting essentially of” Thus, for any given embodiment reciting compositions, materials, components, elements, features, integers, operations, and/or process steps, the present disclosure also specifically includes embodiments consisting of, or consisting essentially of, such recited compositions, materials, components, elements, features, integers, operations, and/or process steps. In the case of “consisting of,” the alternative embodiment excludes any additional compositions, materials, components, elements, features, integers, operations, and/or process steps, while in the case of “consisting essentially of” any additional compositions, materials, components, elements, features, integers, operations, and/or process steps that materially affect the basic and novel characteristics are excluded from such an embodiment, but any compositions, materials, components, elements, features, integers, operations, and/or process steps that do not materially affect the basic and novel characteristics can be included in the embodiment.

Any method steps, processes, and operations described herein are not to be construed as necessarily requiring their performance in the particular order discussed or illustrated, unless specifically identified as an order of performance. It is also to be understood that additional or alternative steps may be employed, unless otherwise indicated.

When a component, element, or layer is referred to as being “on,” “engaged to,” “connected to,” or “coupled to” another element or layer, it may be directly on, engaged, connected or coupled to the other component, element, or layer, or intervening elements or layers may be present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being “directly on,” “directly engaged to,” “directly connected to,” or “directly coupled to” another element or layer, there may be no intervening elements or layers present. Other words used to describe the relationship between elements should be interpreted in a like fashion (e.g., “between” versus “directly between,” “adjacent” versus “directly adjacent,” etc.). As used herein, the term “and/or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

Although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various steps, elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections, these steps, elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections should not be limited by these terms, unless otherwise indicated. These terms may be only used to distinguish one step, element, component, region, layer or section from another step, element, component, region, layer or section. Terms such as “first,” “second,” and other numerical terms when used herein do not imply a sequence or order unless clearly indicated by the context. Thus, a first step, element, component, region, layer or section discussed below could be termed a second step, element, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teachings of the example embodiments.

Spatially or temporally relative terms, such as “before,” “after,” “inner,” “outer,” “beneath,” “below,” “lower,” “above,” “upper,” and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element(s) or feature(s) as illustrated in the figures. Spatially or temporally relative terms may be intended to encompass different orientations of the device or system in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures.

Throughout this disclosure, the numerical values represent approximate measures or limits to ranges to encompass minor deviations from the given values and embodiments having about the value mentioned as well as those having exactly the value mentioned. Other than in the working examples provided at the end of the detailed description, all numerical values of parameters (e.g., of quantities or conditions) in this specification, including the appended claims, are to be understood as being modified in all instances by the term “about” whether or not “about” actually appears before the numerical value. “About” indicates that the stated numerical value allows some slight imprecision (with some approach to exactness in the value; approximately or reasonably close to the value; nearly). If the imprecision provided by “about” is not otherwise understood in the art with this ordinary meaning, then “about” as used herein indicates at least variations that may arise from ordinary methods of measuring and using such parameters. For example, “about”, with reference to percentages, comprises a variation of plus/minus 5%, “about”, with reference to temperatures, comprises a variation of plus/minus five degrees, and “about”, with reference to distances, comprises plus/minus 10%. In addition, disclosure of ranges includes disclosure of all values and further divided ranges within the entire range, including endpoints and sub-ranges given for the ranges. In addition, disclosure of ranges includes disclosure of all values and further divided ranges within the entire range, including endpoints and sub-ranges given for the ranges.

1 FIG. 10 50 10 10 12 14 16 18 14 12 10 14 12 16 18 12 14 Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. In accordance with an exemplary embodiment,shows a vehiclewith an associated systemadapted to optimize parking selection for a user within the vehicle. The vehiclegenerally includes a chassis, a body, front wheels, and rear wheels. The bodyis arranged on the chassisand substantially encloses components of the vehicle. The bodyand the chassismay jointly form a frame. The front wheelsand rear wheelsare each rotationally coupled to the chassisnear a respective corner of the body.

10 50 10 10 10 10 10 50 In various embodiments, the vehicleis an autonomous vehicle and the systemis incorporated into the autonomous vehicle. An autonomous vehicleis, for example, a vehiclethat is automatically controlled to carry passengers from one location to another. The vehicleis depicted in the illustrated embodiment as a passenger car, but it should be appreciated that any other vehicle including motorcycles, trucks, sport utility vehicles (SUVs), recreational vehicles (RVs), etc., can also be used. In an exemplary embodiment, the vehicleis equipped with a so-called Level Four or Level Five automation system. A Level Four system indicates “high automation”, referring to the driving mode-specific performance by an automated driving system of all aspects of the dynamic driving task, even if a human user does not respond appropriately to a request to intervene. A Level Five system indicates “full automation”, referring to the full-time performance by an automated driving system of all aspects of the dynamic driving task under all roadway and environmental conditions that can be managed by a human driver. The systemcan be utilized to provide information to an autonomous vehicle controller for autonomous parking maneuvers. The novel aspects of the present disclosure are also applicable to non-autonomous vehicles, wherein the system provides identification of available parking spaces, information related to the identified parking spaces, and graphics/information adapted to assist the driver throughout a parking maneuver.

10 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 10 22 20 22 20 16 18 22 26 16 18 26 24 16 18 24 As shown, the vehiclegenerally includes a propulsion system, a transmission system, a steering system, a brake system, a sensor system, an actuator system, at least one data storage device, a vehicle controller, and a wireless communication module. In an embodiment in which the vehicleis an electric vehicle, there may be no transmission system. The propulsion systemmay, in various embodiments, include an internal combustion engine, an electric machine such as a traction motor, and/or a fuel cell propulsion system. The transmission systemis configured to transmit power from the propulsion systemto the vehicle's front wheelsand rear wheelsaccording to selectable speed ratios. According to various embodiments, the transmission systemmay include a step-ratio automatic transmission, a continuously-variable transmission, or other appropriate transmission. The brake systemis configured to provide braking torque to the vehicle's front wheelsand rear wheels. The brake systemmay, in various embodiments, include friction brakes, brake by wire, a regenerative braking system such as an electric machine, and/or other appropriate braking systems. The steering systeminfluences a position of the front wheelsand rear wheels. While depicted as including a steering wheel for illustrative purposes, in some embodiments contemplated within the scope of the present disclosure, such as for a fully autonomous vehicle, the steering systemmay not include a steering wheel.

28 40 40 10 40 40 40 40 10 40 40 40 40 10 10 40 40 10 a n a n a n a n a n a n The sensor systemincludes one or more sensing devices-that sense observable conditions of the exterior environment and/or the interior environment of the autonomous vehicle. The sensing devices-can include, but are not limited to, radars, lidars, global positioning systems, optical cameras, thermal cameras, ultrasonic sensors, and/or other sensors. The cameras can include two or more digital cameras spaced at a selected distance from each other, in which the two or more digital cameras are used to obtain stereoscopic images of the surrounding environment in order to obtain a three-dimensional image or map. The plurality of sensing devices-is used to determine information about an environment surrounding the vehicle. In an exemplary embodiment, the plurality of sensing devices-includes at least one of a motor speed sensor, a motor torque sensor, an electric drive motor voltage and/or current sensor, an accelerator pedal position sensor, a coolant temperature sensor, a cooling fan speed sensor, and a transmission oil temperature sensor. In another exemplary embodiment, the plurality of sensing devices-further includes sensors to determine information about the environment surrounding the vehicle, for example, an ambient air temperature sensor, a barometric pressure sensor, and/or a photo and/or video camera which is positioned to view the environment in front of the vehicle. In another exemplary embodiment, at least one of the plurality of sensing devices-is capable of measuring distances in the environment surrounding the vehicle.

40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 10 10 10 40 40 10 10 10 10 30 42 42 10 20 22 24 26 a n a n a n a n a n a n In a non-limiting example wherein the plurality of sensing devices-includes a camera, the plurality of sensing devices-measures distances using an image processing algorithm configured to process images from the camera and determine distances between objects. In another non-limiting example, the plurality of vehicle sensors-includes a stereoscopic camera having distance measurement capabilities. In one example, at least one of the plurality of sensing devices-is affixed inside of the vehicle, for example, in a headliner of the vehicle, having a view through the windshield of the vehicle. In another example, at least one of the plurality of sensing devices-is a camera affixed outside of the vehicle, for example, on a roof of the vehicle, having a view of the environment surrounding the vehicleand adapted to collect information (images) related to the environment outside the vehicle. It should be understood that various additional types of sensing devices, such as, for example, LiDAR sensors, ultrasonic ranging sensors, radar sensors, and/or time-of-flight sensors are within the scope of the present disclosure. The actuator systemincludes one or more actuator devices-that control one or more vehiclefeatures such as, but not limited to, the propulsion system, the transmission system, the steering system, and the brake system.

34 44 46 44 34 46 44 46 34 10 The vehicle controllerincludes at least one processorand a computer readable storage device or media. The at least one data processorcan be any custom made or commercially available processor, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), an auxiliary processor among several processors associated with the vehicle controller, a semi-conductor based microprocessor (in the form of a microchip or chip set), a macro-processor, any combination thereof, or generally any device for executing instructions. The computer readable storage device or mediamay include volatile and nonvolatile storage in read-only memory (ROM), random-access memory (RAM), and keep-alive memory (KAM), for example. KAM is a persistent or non-volatile memory that may be used to store various operating variables while the at least one data processoris powered down. The computer-readable storage device or mediamay be implemented using any of a number of known memory devices such as PROMs (programmable read-only memory), EPROMs (electrically PROM), EEPROMs (electrically erasable PROM), flash memory, or any other electric, magnetic, optical, or combination memory devices capable of storing data, some of which represent executable instructions, used by the controllerin controlling the vehicle.

44 28 10 30 10 34 10 34 10 1 FIG. The instructions may include one or more separate programs, each of which includes an ordered listing of executable instructions for implementing logical functions. The instructions, when executed by the at least one processor, receive and process signals from the sensor system, perform logic, calculations, methods and/or algorithms for automatically controlling the components of the vehicle, and generate control signals to the actuator systemto automatically control the components of the vehiclebased on the logic, calculations, methods, and/or algorithms. Although only one controlleris shown in, embodiments of the vehiclecan include any number of controllersthat communicate over any suitable communication medium or a combination of communication mediums and that cooperate to process the sensor signals, perform logic, calculations, methods, and/or algorithms, and generate control signals to automatically control features of the autonomous vehicle.

34 44 In various embodiments, one or more instructions of the vehicle controllerare embodied in a trajectory planning system and, when executed by the at least one data processor, generates a trajectory output that addresses kinematic and dynamic constraints of the environment. For example, the instructions receive as input process sensor and map data. The instructions perform a graph-based approach with a customized cost function to handle different road scenarios in both urban and highway roads.

36 48 36 The wireless communication moduleis configured to wirelessly communicate information to and from other remote entities, such as but not limited to, other vehicles (“V2V” communication,) infrastructure (“V2I” communication), remote systems, remote servers, cloud computers, and/or personal devices. In an exemplary embodiment, the communication systemis a wireless communication system configured to communicate via a wireless local area network (WLAN) using IEEE 802.11 standards or by using cellular data communication. However, additional or alternate communication methods, such as a dedicated short-range communications (DSRC) channel, are also considered within the scope of the present disclosure. DSRC channels refer to one-way or two-way short-range to medium-range wireless communication channels specifically designed for automotive use and a corresponding set of protocols and standards.

34 The vehicle controlleris a non-generalized, electronic control device having a preprogrammed digital computer or processor, memory or non-transitory computer readable medium used to store data such as control logic, software applications, instructions, computer code, data, lookup tables, etc., and a transceiver [or input/output ports]. Computer readable medium includes any type of medium capable of being accessed by a computer, such as read only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), a hard disk drive, a compact disc (CD), a digital video disc (DVD), or any other type of memory. A “non-transitory” computer readable medium excludes wired, wireless, optical, or other communication links that transport transitory electrical or other signals. A non-transitory computer readable medium includes media where data can be permanently stored and media where data can be stored and later overwritten, such as a rewritable optical disc or an erasable memory device. Computer code includes any type of program code, including source code, object code, and executable code.

2 FIG. 50 52 34 40 40 54 36 50 56 52 10 56 52 56 10 52 a n Referring to, the systemincludes a data processorin communication with the vehicle controller, the plurality of sensors-, a databaseand the wireless communication module. The systemalso includes a human-machine interface (HMI)in communication with the data processorand adapted to display information to a user within the vehicle. The HMIincludes a touch screen which allows the user to input information to the data processorvia the HMI. In other embodiments, the HMI could also be associated with a speaker and/or cameras which allow a user within the vehicleto provide input to the data processorverbally or with gestures.

50 58 52 60 62 10 58 60 62 66 10 The systemfurther includes an augmented reality head up display system (AR-HUD)in communication with the data processorand adapted to project images onto an inner surfaceof a windshieldof the vehicle. Images projected by the AR-HUDare reflected, by the inner surfaceof the windshieldto the eyesof a user within the vehicle.

3 FIG. 58 34 52 68 70 60 62 10 70 70 68 58 60 62 72 70 70 70 58 Referring to, in an exemplary embodiment, the AR-HUDincludes a system controllerA in communication with the data processorand a projection moduleincluding at least one light sourcethat is adapted to project an image upon the inner surfaceof the windshieldof the vehicle. As described herein, the at least one light sourcecomprises a laser, however, it should be understood that the at least one light sourcemay be other known types of light sources used in head-up display systems. In an exemplary embodiment, the projection moduleof the AR-HUDis a holographic projection module and includes an exit pupil replicator. The holographic image is projected into the exit pupil replicator and then propagates inside the exit pupil replicator and is extracted multiple times before being projected upward to the inner surfaceof the windshield, as indicated by arrow. The re-circulation of the light several times within the exit pupil replicator expands the pupil so the viewer can see the holographic image from an extended eye-box. In addition to expanding the eye-box, the exit pupil replicator also magnifies the original projected image coming out of the light source. A spatial light modulator is positioned between the light sourceand the exit pupil replicator. The spatial light modulator is adapted to receive the light from the light source, to diffract the laser light with an encoded hologram and to deliver the diffracted laser to the exit pupil replicator. As shown and described herein, the AR-HUDis a holographic head-up system, however, it should be understood that the novel features of the present disclosure are applicable to other head-up display configurations.

4 FIG. 54 74 60 62 10 74 60 62 Referring to, in another exemplary embodiment, the AR-HUDcomprises a digital light projector (DLP)adapted to project images onto the inner surfaceof the windshieldof the vehicle. The DLPincludes a light source adapted to project an excitation light, a condensing lens adapted to focus the excitation light from the light source, a color filter (color wheel) adapted to split the focused excitation light into red, green and blue light, a shaping lens adapted to focus the excitation light passing through the color filter, a digital micro-mirror device (DMD) adapted to re-direct the excitation light, and a projection lens adapted to receive the excitation light from the DMD and project the excitation light to the inner surfaceof the windshield.

62 10 10 58 62 10 10 62 62 10 62 62 The windshieldis equipped with features capable of displaying an image projected thereupon while remaining transparent or substantially transparent such that occupants of the vehiclecan clearly observe outside of the vehiclethrough the windshield. It should be understood that, as depicted, the windshieldis in the front of the vehicle, other surfaces within the vehiclecould be used for projection, including side windows and a rear window. Additionally, the view on the front windshieldcould be continued upon the front vehicle “A-pillars” and onto the side windows as a continuous image. The windshieldis both transparent and capable of displaying images projected by an excitation light. An occupant within the vehicleis able to see an arbitrary object through a substrate positioned on the windshield. The substrate may be transparent or substantially transparent. While the occupant sees objects through the substrate, the occupant can also see images that are created at the substrate. The substrate may be part of the windshield, a glass substrate, a plastic substrate, a polymer substrate, or other transparent (or substantially transparent) medium that would be appreciated by one of ordinary skill in the art. Other substrates may complement the substrate to provide for tinting, substrate protection, light filtering (e.g. filtering external ultraviolet light), and other functions. The substrate receives excitation light from the light source. The received excitation light may be absorbed by light emitting material at the substrate. When the light emitting material receives the excitation light, the light emitting material emits visible light. Accordingly, images may be created at the substrate by selectively illuminating the substrate with excitation light.

In an exemplary embodiment, the light emitting material includes transparent phosphors that are embedded into the substrate. The transparent phosphors are light emitting particles which fluoresce in response to being excited by the excitation light. In an exemplary embodiment, the transparent phosphors are red, green, and blue (RGB) phosphors, allowing full color. The use of monochrome and/or two-color phosphors is also within the scope of the present disclosure. When excitation light is absorbed by the transparent phosphors, visible light is emitted by the transparent phosphors. The excitation light is provided by the light source. Use of the substrate and light emitting material to display graphics is discussed in greater detail in U.S. application Ser. No. 17/749,464 titled “HYBRID AUGMENTED REALITY HEAD-UP DISPLAY FOR CREATING AN EDGE-TO-EDGE AUGMENTED REALITY VIEW” filed on May 20, 2022, the entire contents of which is hereby incorporated by reference.

74 74 74 74 74 In an exemplary embodiment, the light source is a micro-mirror array (MMA) projector (e.g. a digital light processing (DLP) projector). In the DLP, images are created by microscopically small mirrors laid out in a matrix on a semiconductor chip within the DMD. An MMA projector that outputs ultraviolet light may be similar to an MMA projector that outputs visible light, except that the color filter has light filters that are tailored to the ultraviolet light spectrum. In other embodiments, the DLPis a liquid crystal display (LCD) projector. In embodiments, the DLPmay be a liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS) projector. In embodiments, the DLPmay be an analog projector (e.g. a slide film projector or a movie film projector). One of ordinary skill in the art would appreciate other types of projectors which may be used to project ultraviolet light on the substrate.

3 FIG. 58 79 10 62 58 10 Referring again to, the AR-HUDprojects images that are perceived by the user in a far image plane. The environment surrounding the vehicleis visible through the windshieldand images projected by the AR-HUDare perceived by the driver overlayed onto the environment surrounding the vehicle.

52 56 10 In an exemplary embodiment, the data processoris adapted to display, with the HMI, a list of parking preference options to a user within the vehicleand to collect, from the user, parking preferences for the user for each of the options presented in the list of parking preference options. Parking preference options include preferences that are singularly preferred by the individual user, such as, by way of non-limiting examples, parking under a tree, back-in only or front-in only parking spaces, near garbage bins or cart return racks, next to handicapped access parking spaces, parking spaces with high curbs or concrete bumpers, near support columns in a parking structure, parking spaces that are near lighting at night, etc. The list of parking preferences may include a pre-populated list which may be amended by the user to include more or less preferences that the user wants the data processor to consider.

52 56 56 The data processorreceives input, via the HMIof the user's preferences for each of the options listed. For example, the user preferences may indicate that the user does not want to park under or near trees, prefers front-in only parking spaces over back-in only parking spaces, prefers not to park in parking spaces where an adjacent vehicle is irregularly parked, does not like to park next to pillars or columns within a parking structure or immediately adjacent a building in a surface lot, and prefers to park directly under a light source at night. At least some of the parking preference options that are presented to the user via the HMIare multi-dimensional (i.e., having at least two options that are related by a condition or having at least one fuzzy valued option).

52 56 52 In an exemplary embodiment, when collecting input from the user related to the user's parking preferences, the data processorfurther receives input from the user, via the HMI, including a ranking for each of the options presented in the list of parking preference options, and a classification for the user's preference for each of the options presented in the list of parking preference options. The user can rank which of their preferences is more important to them. For example, the user may rank their preference of not parking under trees as their #1 preference, and rank their preference of parking near a light source at night as their #2 preference. Thus, when selecting potential parking spaces, the data processorwill prioritize parking spaces that are not located under a tree over parking spaces that have a light source at night, when a parking space that satisfies both preferences is not available.

52 Further, the data processorreceives classification data from the user wherein, a parking preference may be classified as a condition to avoid, a preferred condition, a required condition, or a condition that the user is not concerned about. Additionally, each parking preference option may be classified further by indicating additional conditions. For example, the user may enter a parking preference for the option of covered parking, and rank this preference, or classify this preference by indicating that this preference is “required” whenever there is precipitation or when precipitation is forecasted. Thus, if the system is looking for a parking space for the vehicle and it is raining outside, the system will only consider parking spaces that are covered, as that preference is required. Likewise, a user can classify the preference of parking near a light source as optional during the day, but required when parking at night. Each parking preference option may be classified in this way such that a particular parking preference may be optional or required depending upon another condition, such as weather, day/night, time of year, etc.

52 56 52 56 56 10 10 52 56 76 52 76 In exemplary embodiments, the data processorreceives parking preferences from the HMIby way of input/output ports within the data processor. In various embodiments, the HMIcan include, but is not limited to, a speech system and/or a display system. As can be appreciated, in various embodiments, other HMItypes that receive information about a user's preferences from the user may be implemented within the vehicleor may be implemented separate from the vehicleand may communicate with the data processor(e.g., smartphones, tablets, remote servers, etc.). The HMIincludes a touch-screen displaythat allows a user to input to the data processorby touching displayed icons on the touch-screen display.

56 56 52 56 10 10 10 40 40 10 56 52 a n In various embodiments, the HMIis also a speech-based HMIand presents preference options to a user by way of a spoken dialog and receives preference information from the user in the form of recorded user speech. The data processormanages the spoken dialog generated by the speech-based HMIto obtain the preference information. The spoken dialog can be managed based on the context of the dialog. The current context may be identified based on context information received from the vehicleor other systems associated with the vehicle. The context information can be provided by, for example, other control modules in the vehicle(e.g., body control modules, engine control modules transmission control modules, infotainment control modules, etc.), the plurality of sensors-, and/or a communication bus or other communication means of the vehicle. The speech-based HMIprocesses the recorded user speech to identify the preference information and provides the preference information to the data processor.

56 76 52 52 56 10 10 56 52 56 52 10 10 In various embodiments, the HMIpresents preference options to a user by displaying a graphical user interface on the touch screen displayand receives the parking preferences from the user in the form of input signals received from a user's interaction with sensors and/or switches in communication with the data processor. The data processormanages the graphical user interface generated by the HMIto obtain the preference information. The graphical user interface can be managed based on the context of the display. The current context may be identified based on context information received from the vehicleor from other systems associated with the vehicle. The HMIprovides the preference information to the data processor. Alternatively, the HMImay communicate with a personal device of the user or a mobile app, wherein, parking preferences may be communicated to the data processor, even when a user of the vehicleis not within the vehicle.

52 10 10 52 10 52 10 10 52 40 40 10 10 10 10 10 10 a n The data processoris further adapted to identify a current location of the vehicleand a destination of the vehicle. The data processoraccesses information from in-vehicle systems, such as a navigation system to determine a final destination of the vehicle. The data processoris also adapted to identify a current location of the vehicle, receiving information from a GPS system to determine the current location of the vehicle. The data processoris also adapted to collect data from the plurality of sensors-within the vehicleto determine vehicleand environmental conditions around the vehicle, a number of passengers within the vehicleand cargo within the vehicle. Data related to the location of the vehicle, the final destination of the vehicle and the number of passengers and cargo within the vehicle is used to filter and rank potential parking spaces.

40 40 40 40 40 40 78 a n a n a n The plurality of sensors-gather input of various vehicle conditions and data from one or more vehicle systems. Such data may include failure of system modes, operating limits of an individual vehicle system component, and reconfiguration parameters associated with vehicle systems that allow for user interface. The plurality of sensors-also gathers environmental inputs. The plurality of sensors-can include temperature sensors, traffic sensors, road type (e.g., highway, urban) sensors, weather (e.g., rain) sensors, occupancy sensors, occupant monitoring systemsensors, external cameras, internal cameras, Lidar/Radar, brake sensors, steering sensors, throttle sensors, speed sensors, vehicle switches, personal devices, HMI interactions, microphones, and the like.

40 40 40 40 10 10 10 10 10 a n a n As provided, the sensors-can measure any of a wide variety of phenomena or characteristics. Sensors-can measure, as further example, ignition position or states of the vehicle, whether the vehicleis being turned off or on, whether or to what degree the vehicleis within a distance of a location, a type of weather (e.g., rain), a level of weather (e.g., amount of rain), an outside temperature, an outside humidity, an outside wind temperature, a cabin temperature, a vehicle speed, occupancy of a seat in the vehicle, weight of an occupant of a seat in the vehicle(e.g., to identify occupancy and distinguish between a child and adult), who is in the cabin (e.g., as identified by the presence of auxiliary devices that are specific to a user), vehicle state (e.g., amount of gas in the tank, cabin temperature, amount of oil), driver state (e.g., how long the driver has been driving and how they are driving (e.g., erratically), general conditions (e.g., weather, temperature, day, time), driving conditions (e.g., road type, traffic), and the like.

52 10 10 52 36 10 48 52 48 22 52 52 48 Once the data processorhas collected parking preferences from a user, the destination of the vehicleand data related to environmental conditions at the vehicle and at the destination of the vehicle, the data processoris further adapted to collect, via the wireless communication modulewithin the vehicle, data from external sourcesand create a list of potential parking spaces. The data processorcollects data from external sources, such as sensor/camera data from parking infrastructures and information about nearby parking availability from databases maintained by individual parking infrastructures and transportation groups, such as the Department of Transportation (DOT). In addition, the external sourcesmay include other vehicles, wherein, through crowdsourcing, information can be obtained directly from other vehicles through network communication. For example, when a vehicle leaves a parking space, it communicates that information to nearby vehicles through a vehicle-to-vehicle network to inform other vehicles of the availability of the recently vacated parking space. The data processorincludes a transceiver which allows the data processorto communicate wirelessly with remote databases of external sourcesover a WLAN, 4G or 5G network, or the like.

52 The data processor filters the list of potential parking spaces based on availability. Using data related to proximity to the final destination and if a parking structure or parking lot is open, the data processorfilters the list of potential parking spaces to remove parking spaces that are not at the destination and are not currently available.

52 36 10 40 40 10 80 54 a n The data processoris then adapted to collect, via the wireless communication modulewithin the vehicle, and the plurality of sensors-within the vehicle, data related to environmental and contextual conditions, specifically for each of the potential parking spaces, and to access a user modelstored within the databasebased on historical data of parking events for the vehicle;

80 10 80 10 80 80 10 80 10 80 80 80 80 10 80 10 10 80 52 54 80 80 80 80 50 80 The user modelis based on historical data of past parking events for the user, the vehicle, or both. The user modelmay be based on historical data of past parking events for the vehicleitself, or the user modelmay be customized for a particular driver. In such an instance, the user modelfor a particular driver may be stored on a cloud-based database, wherein when the driver uses a particular vehicle, the driver's unique user modelis downloaded to the vehicle. The user modelis created by collecting data from past parking events and using past behavior to predict future behavior using machine learning techniques. The user modelcontains information on the characteristics of chosen parking spaces, and other factors that contribute to the selection of a parking space. The user modelwill predict what features are desirable in a parking space for the present conditions and based on up-to-date parking preferences for the user. A user specific user modelcan distinguish between driving patterns for the same user based on the vehiclethat is being driven. For example, the user specific user modelwould distinguish when the user is driving a vehiclethat the user uses exclusively for work, and when the user is driving a vehiclethat is used almost exclusively for traveling with the user's family. The user modelis created/updated by the data processorand stored within the data base, in the case of a vehicle unique user model, or within a remote cloud-based data base, in the case of a driver specific user model. Further, the user modelmay be stored within a mobile app on a device belonging to the user, wherein the user modeland the systemmay have access to the driver's calendar, which may aid the user modelin predicting current preferences, such as when the calendar indicates the user is late for a meeting, thus prioritizing close/easy parking, despite cost.

52 52 40 40 36 80 52 10 52 a n The data processoris then adapted to further filter the list of potential parking spaces based on user preferences entered by the user and collected by the data processor, data related to environmental and contextual conditions collected by the plurality of sensors-and received via the wireless communication module, and the user model, thus creating a filtered list of potential parking spaces. For example, the parking preferences of the user indicate that a covered parking space is required when it is raining. Thus, if it is not raining, the data processor will keep uncovered parking spaces within the list of potential parking spaces. However, if data collected by the data processorindicates that it is raining at the destination of the vehicle, then the data processorwill remove un-covered parking spaces from the list of potential parking spaces.

52 52 40 40 36 80 a n The data processorthen ranks the parking spaces within the filtered list of potential parking spaces based on user preferences entered by the user and collected by the data processor, data related to environmental and contextual conditions collected by the plurality of sensors-and received via the wireless communication module, and the user model.

52 52 40 40 36 80 80 10 80 10 80 10 80 52 a n The data processoris adapted to rank the potential parking spaces based on user preferences entered by the user and collected by the data processor, data related to environmental and contextual conditions collected by the plurality of sensors-and received via the wireless communication module, and the user modelby assigning a value to each one of the potential parking spaces within the filtered list of potential parking spaces based on how closely each one of the potential parking spaces satisfies the parking preferences of the user. For example, according to the user model, whenever it is dark, the vehicleparks in a parking space that is near a light source. The user modelwill use that information to predict that the user of the vehiclewill prefer a lighted parking space when it is dark outside and assign a higher value to parking spaces that are near a light source whenever it is dark. In another example, the user modelindicates that on weekdays, when the user of the vehicleis traveling alone to work in the morning, the user is generally driving a work vehicle and is less picky about parking spaces and often parks in parking spaces near/under trees, with curbs/bumpers, etc. However, on weekends, the user often drives a sports car, and is more selective about parking in parking spaces that are not near trees and do not have curbs/concrete bumpers, as the sports car has very little ground clearance. Thus, on a weekend day, based on the user model, the data processorwill assign a higher value to parking spaces that are not near trees and do not have curbs or concrete parking bumpers.

52 52 10 10 80 10 52 10 When ranking the potential parking spaces, the data processoroptimizes based on a perspective from the user, taking into consideration the weather, characteristics of the parking space and parking preferences of the user, distance that the user may be willing to walk and how long the vehicle will need to be parked there. The data processorfurther optimizes based on a perspective from the vehicle, taking into consideration elements such as characteristics of the vehicleand a vehicle-specific user modelfor the vehicle. Finally, the data processorfurther optimizes based on a perspective from the parking space, taking into consideration elements such as complexity of the parking space (structure, street, difficulty to exit, etc.), price, probability of space being empty, time allowed to park, permit requirements, and possible next tasks for the vehicle. For example, an autonomous vehicle may need to travel autonomously to a more distant parking space, or may need to continue on to satisfy a task, such as, taking another passenger to a different location, deliver a package to a different location, etc. Such next tasks may affect where the vehicle drops a user and the parking space ultimately selected.

80 10 i i Plocation: can be mapped to a value between 0-1, where 1 represents closer parking and lower numbers represent more distant parking; i Pparking preference #1: can be mapped to a value between 0-1, where 1 represents satisfying parking preference #1 and lower numbers are for not satisfying parking preference #1; and i Pparking preference #2: assume a value between 0-1, where 1 represents satisfying parking preference #2 and lower numbers are for not satisfying parking preference #2. A first step in ranking or scoring a list of potential parking spaces includes identifying parking spaces for which information is known to identify parking spaces that fit the priorities established by the parking preferences entered by the user and the user modeland are close enough to the vehicleto be selected, if the space is empty. For example, when computing a score for a given parking space, P, calculate the variables:

80 i From the user model, with preferences about this parking space for current time and destination, get a probability between 0 to 1 for the user to like parking at P, then:

80 i From the user model, get a binary value for 1, indicating that the driver would want to park at parking space P, or a value of 0 otherwise, then:

52 10 50 52 52 52 52 50 10 Additionally, a second step in ranking or scoring potential parking spaces includes a probabilistic analysis, wherein the data processorwill calculate a probability that each one of the potential parking spaces will be empty at a time when the vehiclewill arrive at such parking space. For example, assuming a database with parking options is available to the systemand that an occupancy distribution model has been computed such that for any time and date, the probability of finding an empty spot at a particular parking location can be retrieved. Using such data, the data processordetermines that certain parking structures are generally full or close to full during specific times, such as, during working hours for a parking structure near an office building, and during early evening hours for a parking structure near a restaurant district. When ranking the potential parking spaces, the data processorcalculates a probability that a parking space within a particular parking structure will be available at an estimated time of arrival. If data suggests that such a parking space has a low probability of being available, the data processorwill assign a lower score to such parking space. Alternatively, the data processormay communicate with the parking facility to reserve a parking space, thus eliminating the probabilistic element of ranking/scoring the potential parking spaces, and allowing the systemto guarantee that such parking space will be empty when the vehiclearrives.

56 52 80 52 56 56 52 52 80 In an exemplary embodiment, the HMIis adapted to receive information from the user for more specific parking preferences. For example, the data processor, based on the user model, determines that the user requires a covered parking space when it is raining outside, however, there is not data or specific parking preference for the user related to snow. Thus, the data processormay prompt the user through the HMIwith a question, such as “It is snowing, do you prefer a covered parking space?”. Wherein, the user can respond, either verbally or by inputting a response on the HMI, with a “yes”, wherein the data processorwill filter and rank the potential parking spaces accordingly. Further, the data processorwill update the user modelto indicate that the user prefers covered parking during rain or snow.

52 56 10 10 In another example, with an autonomous vehicle, the data processormay prompt the user through the HMIwith a question, such as “Do you wish to be dropped off at the entrance?”, wherein, if the user chooses, the vehiclewill proceed to the entrance of the final destination, and automatically proceed to a nearby parking spot after the user has exited the vehicle. Such parking spot filtered and ranked based on the fact that some parking preferences entered by the user may be less relevant due to the fact that the user will be dropped off at the entrance.

52 52 76 56 76 56 82 84 76 82 82 82 82 84 84 84 52 86 5 FIG. 5 FIG. The data processorthen selects, from the filtered list of potential parking spaces, a sub-set of potential parking spaces based on rank. For example, the list of potential parking spaces may include twenty parking spaces. The data processorselects a sub-set of potential parking spaces that includes the highest ranked ten parking spaces. Referring to, the data processor then displays, via the touch screen displayof the HMI, the sub-set of potential parking spaces to the user with an explanation for the rankings. As shown in, the first, second, third and fourth ranked potential parking spaces are displayed on the touch screen displayof the HMI. The list includes a description and an explanationA of where the first parking space is and why the first parking space was ranked #1. The list further includes an iconA adapted to allow the user to touch the touch screen displayto select the first ranked parking space. The explanationA may include an address for the parking space, details on location within a parking structure or parking lot, and an explanation pointing out that the first ranked parking space satisfies the user's parking preferences based on contextual information. For example, the explanation may include “Supermarket Parking Lot, Center Row, 3rd space on right side. No trees, no curbs/bumpers, no adjacent vehicles.” The displayed list further includes explanationsB,C,D and touch screen iconsB,C,D for the second, third and fourth parking spaces included in the sub-set of potential parking spaces. The data processoralso displays a touchable slide-barallowing the user to scroll up and down within the sub-set of potential parking spaces to see items further down in the list (lower ranked).

56 52 58 60 62 10 60 62 62 6 FIG. In an exemplary embodiment, when displaying, via the HMI, the sub-set of potential parking spaces to the user, the data processoris further adapted to display, with the AR-HUD, upon the inner surfaceof the windshieldof the vehicle, text and graphics adapted to identify and provide information related to the sub-set of potential parking spaces. Referring to, a perspective view of the inner surfaceof the windshieldis shown, wherein a parking lot including several parking spaces and some parked vehicles at a supermarket is visible by a user through the windshield.

6 FIG. 5 FIG. 6 FIG. 56 88 88 88 88 60 62 82 82 82 82 56 58 88 88 88 88 88 82 56 As shown in, each of the four potential parking spaces listed on the HMIinare highlighted with a graphicA,B,C,D displayed on the inner surfaceof the windshieldto identify the potential parking spaces. Further, the explanationsA,B,C,D included in the list displayed on the HMIare displayed, with the AR-HUDin proximity to the identification graphicsA,B,C,D. The explanations included identification, location and ranking information to allow the user to determine which of the identified sub-set of parking spaces may be suitable. As shown in, the first ranked of the sub-set of potential parking spaces is identified by the graphicA as well as the explanationA that was displayed on the HMI.

82 For the first ranked of the sub-set of potential parking spaces the explanationA includes “Supermarket Parking Lot, Center Row, 3rd space on right side. No trees, no curbs/bumpers, no adjacent vehicles.”

82 For the second ranked of the sub-set of potential parking spaces the explanationB includes “Supermarket Parking Lot, Center Row, 4th space on right side. No trees, no curbs/bumpers, no adjacent vehicles.”

82 For the third ranked of the sub-set of potential parking spaces the explanationC includes “Supermarket Parking Lot, Center Row, 1st space on right side. Trees present. End of row. No adjacent vehicles.”

82 For the fourth ranked of the sub-set of potential parking spaces the explanationD includes “Supermarket Parking Lot, Center Row, 4th space on left side. Adjacent vehicle present.”

88 88 88 88 6 FIG. Identification of the sub-set of potential parking spaces may include numbered icons (graphicsA,B,C,D) as shown in. Identification of the sub-set of potential parking spaces may also include highlighting, or other graphics meant to draw a user's attention to the parking space.

58 88 88 88 88 82 82 82 82 60 62 88 88 88 88 82 82 82 82 79 62 88 88 88 88 82 82 82 82 10 88 88 88 88 82 82 82 82 78 78 10 50 88 88 88 88 82 82 82 82 88 88 88 88 82 82 82 82 62 The AR HUDprojects the graphicsA,B,C,D and explanationsA,B,C,D upon the inner surfaceof the windshieldso the graphicsA,B,C,D and explanationsA,B,C,D appear within the far image planeoverlaid at a position upon the windshieldwhere the graphicsA,B,C,D and explanationsA,B,C,D appear to the user to be positioned in front of the vehiclein proper proximity to the identified sub-set of potential parking spaces to which the graphicsA,B,C,D and explanationsA,B,C,D pertain. The occupant monitoring systemincludes sensors known in the art to approximate a location of the head of an occupant and further the orientation or gaze location of the eyes of the occupant. Based upon the output of the occupant monitoring systemand input data tracking location information regarding the environment around the vehicle, the systemcan accurately position the graphicsA,B,C,D and explanationsA,B,C,D such that the occupant sees the graphicsA,B,C,D and explanationsA,B,C,D overlaid with visual images through the windshield.

50 62 10 62 The systemdescribed above includes eye sensing and head sensing devices allowing estimation of eye location, allowing registration of images upon the windshieldsuch that the images correspond to a view of the operator. However, it will be appreciated that estimation of head and eye location can be achieved through a number of methods. For example, in a process similar to adjusting rearview mirrors, an operator can use a calibration routine upon entering a vehicle to align graphics to a detected object. In another embodiment, seat position longitudinally in the vehiclecan be used to estimate a position of the driver's head. In another embodiment, manual adjustment of a rearview mirror or mirrors can be used to estimate location of an operator's eyes. It will be appreciated that a combination of methods, for example, seat position and mirror adjustment angle, can be utilized to estimate operator head location with improved accuracy. Many methods to accomplish accurate registration of graphics upon the windshieldare contemplated, and the disclosure is not intended to be limited to the particular embodiments described herein.

54 88 88 88 88 82 82 82 82 34 58 90 62 78 40 40 88 88 88 88 82 82 82 82 90 88 88 88 88 82 82 82 82 34 90 78 40 40 66 10 a n a n In an exemplary embodiment, when displaying, with the AR-HUD, the graphicsA,B,C,D and explanationsA,B,C,D related to the sub-set of potential parking spaces, the system controllerA of the AR-HUDis further adapted to calculate a first locationwithin the windshieldbased on data received from the occupant monitoring system, the at least one image capturing device and the at least on non-visual sensor (included within the plurality of onboard sensors-), and to project the graphicsA,B,C,D and explanationsA,B,C,D upward to the first location, wherein the graphicsA,B,C,D and explanationsA,B,C,D are perceived by the user properly positioned relative to the identified parking spaces. Further, the system controllerA continuously, on a periodic cycle, re-calculates the first locationbased on data received from the occupant monitoring system, the onboard sensors-and a position of the head an eyesof the user move and as the position of the vehiclerelative to the identified parking spaces changes.

52 56 34 56 The data processoris further adapted to receive, from the user, via the HMI, a selection of one of the displayed sub-set of potential parking spaces, and, at least one of: 1) initiate, via communication with the vehicle controller, autonomous travel to and parking within the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces, and, 2) display, via the HMI, directions to the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces.

56 52 56 52 10 52 52 34 In an exemplary embodiment, when collecting, via the HMI, parking preferences for the user for each of the options presented in the list of parking preference options, the data processoris further adapted to collect, via the HMI, a preference for the data processorto, when the destination for the vehiclehas been identified, send instructions to the vehicle controller to automatically and autonomously navigate the vehicle to a highest ranked one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces, and park the vehicle within the highest ranked one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces. Thus, the user authorizes the data processorto make the selection of a parking space automatically, wherein, the data processorinitiates, via communication with the vehicle controller, autonomous travel to and parking within the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces.

56 52 56 52 56 52 52 34 In an exemplary embodiment, when collecting, via the HMI, parking preferences for the user for each of the options presented in the list of parking preference options, the data processoris further adapted to collect, via the HMI, a preference for the data processorto, when a destination for the vehicle has been identified and a selection of one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces has been received from the user, send instructions to the vehicle controller to automatically and autonomously navigate the vehicle to the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces, and park the vehicle within the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces. In either instance, manual selection, via the HMI, of one of the displayed sub-set of potential parking spaces by the user, or automatic selection, by the data processor, of the highest ranked one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces, the data processorinitiates, via communication with the vehicle controller, autonomous travel to and parking within the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces.

7 FIG. 5 FIG. 6 FIG. 52 56 52 56 92 56 62 92 94 96 10 Referring to, alternatively, when the data processorreceives, from the user, via the HMI, a selection of one of the displayed sub-set of potential parking spaces, the data processordisplays, via the HMI, directions to the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces, and graphicsadapted to guide the user to the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces. For example, if the user selects the first (#1, highest ranked) of the sub-set of potential parking spaces listed on the HMI, as shown and, and as displayed on the windshield, as shown in, the graphicsinclude an iconpositioned over the selected parking space and an arrow, directing the vehicleinto the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces.

82 82 82 82 88 88 88 88 92 60 62 It should be understood that the examples cited herein are merely for description, and that the explanationsA,B,C,D, graphicsA,B,C,D, and graphicsdisplayed onto the inner surfaceof the windshieldcould include other text and/or designs adapted to provide textual and/or graphic indications to the user.

34 58 98 82 82 82 82 88 88 88 88 92 60 62 82 82 82 82 88 88 88 88 92 60 62 78 40 40 36 98 34 98 82 82 82 82 88 88 88 88 92 60 62 a n The system controllerA of the AR-HUDincludes an image generation enginewhich includes a programmable processor including programming to monitor various inputs and determine what information is appropriate to include within the explanationsA,B,C,D, graphicsA,B,C,D, and graphicsdisplayed onto the inner surfaceof the windshield, and to generate appropriate text and/or graphics to include within the explanationsA,B,C,D, graphicsA,B,C,D, and graphicsdisplayed onto the inner surfaceof the windshieldbased on data received from the occupant monitoring system, the at least one image capturing device and the at least on non-visual sensor (included within the plurality of onboard sensors-), and data received via the wireless communication module. The image generation engineincludes display software and programming for translating requests to display information into graphical representations describing the information. Further, the system controllerA and image generation engineare adapted to continuously update the explanationsA,B,C,D, graphicsA,B,C,D, and graphicsdisplayed onto the inner surfaceof the windshieldas data related to the sub-set of potential parking spaces changes.

98 98 98 10 40 40 40 40 10 62 10 10 62 a n a n The image generation enginecan communicate directly with various systems and components, or the image generation enginecan alternatively or additionally communicate over a LAN/CAN system. The image generation engineutilizes information regarding the operational environment of the vehiclederived from a number of inputs. The various sensing devices-collect and provide information. The sensing devices-include a camera or image capturing device taking periodic or sequential images representing a view from the vehicle. The windshieldis equipped with features capable of displaying and/or reflecting an image projected thereupon while remaining transparent or substantially transparent such that occupants of the vehiclecan clearly observe outside of the vehiclethrough the windshield.

98 98 98 62 The image generation engineincludes display software or programming translating requests to display information from the image generation enginein graphical representations describing the information. The image generation engineincludes programming to compensate for the curved and tilted surface of the windshieldand any other surfaces onto which images are to be projected.

52 56 10 52 10 In an exemplary embodiment, the data processorrepeats the creating a filtered list of potential parking spaces, the ranking each of the potential parking spaces in the filtered list, the selecting, from the filtered list of potential parking spaces, a sub-set of potential parking spaces based on rank, and the displaying, via the HMI, the sub-set of potential parking spaces to the user at a pre-determined interval until the vehiclehas parked. Thus, the data processorcontinuously gathers data and updates the sub-set of potential parking spaces until the user selects an acceptable parking space and completes parking of the vehicle, either manually or autonomously, therein.

10 40 40 10 56 a n In an exemplary embodiment, upon arrival of the vehicleat the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces, the data processor is further adapted to collect, with the plurality of sensors-within the vehicle, data related to environmental and contextual conditions at the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces, re-rank the list of filtered potential parking spaces and update the sub-set of potential parking spaces, and display, with the HMI, the updated sub-set of potential parking spaces.

52 40 40 52 40 40 52 52 52 a n a n Upon arrival at the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces, the data processoris adapted to capture, with at least one image capturing device-in electronic communication with the data processor, images of the environment surrounding the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces, detect, with at least one non-visual sensor-in electronic communication with the data processor, objects (trees, adjacent vehicles, curbs, parking bumpers, etc.) within the environment surrounding the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces. Real-time images and data collected by the data processorat the location of the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces may cause the content and ranking of the sub-set of potential parking spaces to change, wherein the data processordisplays the updated sub-set of potential parking spaces for the user.

56 The user can either make a selection, via the HMI, to continue parking in the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces, or make a selection of one of the updated sub-set of potential parking spaces that the user now wishes to park within. Thus, upon arrival, the user, based on observing the actual parking space in person, can decide to make an alternative selection.

56 34 56 92 If the user elects to make a selection, via the HMI, to continue parking in the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces, the data processor is adapted to at least one of: 1) continue, via communication with the vehicle controller, autonomous travel to and parking within the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces, and, 2) resume display, via the HMI, of directions to the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces, and graphicsadapted to guide the user to the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces.

52 34 56 92 If the user elects to make a selection of one of the updated sub-set of potential parking spaces that the user now wishes to park within, the data processoris adapted to at least one of: 1) initiate, via communication with the vehicle controller, autonomous travel to and parking within the selected one of the updated sub-set of potential parking spaces, and, 2) display, via the HMI, directions to the selected one of the updated sub-set of potential parking spaces, and graphicsadapted to guide the user to the selected one of the updated sub-set of potential parking spaces.

10 52 56 56 In another exemplary embodiment, upon arrival of the vehicleat the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces, the data processoris further adapted to receive, from the user, via the HMI, a rejection of the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces. The data processor, via the HMIdisplays an icon or is adapted to receive verbal input from the user allowing the user to decide, upon arrival, that the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces is unacceptable. For example, upon arrival, the user may observe that the parking space is a back-in only parking space, and the user forgot to enter a parking preference to avoid back-in only parking spaces, even though, the user does not like to park in back-in only parking spaces. Thus, upon realizing that the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces is a back-in only parking space, the user may elect to reject the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces.

80 80 Upon rejection, by the user, of the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces, the data processor is adapted to prompt, with the HMI, an explanation for the rejection. Thus, the data processor provides an opportunity for the user to input a reason for rejecting the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces. Here, the user would input that back-in only parking is the reason for rejecting the parking space, wherein, the data processor updates the user modelbased on rejection of the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces and the explanation provided by the user. Thus, the user modelwill reflect the user's preference related to back-in only parking spaces in general, and further, will reflect the user's rejection of the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces specifically, for reference when selecting and ranking potential parking spaces in the future.

52 36 10 48 80 80 50 50 50 In an exemplary embodiment, the data processoris further adapted to collect, via the wireless communication modulewithin the vehicle, data from external sourcesrelated to availability of parking spaces within a parking structure (surface parking lot, parking ramp) at the identified destination, and determine, based on the user modelif the identified destination is familiar to the user or unfamiliar to the user. For example, if the destination is the parking lot at the user's place of work, the user modelwill determine that the user goes to that parking lot on a regular basis, year around, and the user is likely very familiar with the parking lot. Thus, the systemwill only display a sub-set of potential parking spaces to the user when the number of available parking spaces at the parking structure at the destination is less than a first pre-determined threshold. Since the user is familiar with the parking lot at the destination, the systemwill only provide parking optimization assistance to the user when the number of available parking spaces at the parking lot is low, by way of non-limiting example, less than 10%. If availability is more than 10%, the user will likely, due to familiarity with the parking lot, easily find a suitable parking space that meets the parking preferences of the user, and will not need assistance from the system.

80 50 50 50 In another example, if the destination is a parking ramp at an amusement park that the user has only visited one other time previously, the user modelwill determine that the user is likely unfamiliar with the parking lot and features of the parking spaces therein. Thus, the systemwill only display a sub-set of potential parking spaces to the user when the number of available parking spaces at the parking structure at the destination is less than a second pre-determined threshold. Since the user is unfamiliar with the parking lot at the destination, the systemwill only provide parking optimization assistance to the user when the number of available parking spaces at the parking lot is moderately low, by way of non-limiting example, less than 50%. If availability is more than 50%, even though the user is unfamiliar with the parking lot, the user will likely be able to identify a suitable parking space that meets the parking preferences of the user, and will not need assistance from the system.

50 Thus, the system, based on familiarity of the user with parking at an identified destination can selectively engage with the user, avoiding potentially annoying and distracting interaction when such interaction with the user is un-necessary.

52 80 52 56 80 In another exemplary embodiment, the data processoris further adapted to updated the user modelbased on inputs, from the user, collected by the data processor, via the HMI, selection, by the user, of one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces, rejection, by the user, of a selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces, and completion of parking within the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces. This keeps the user modelupdated to evolving/changing user parking preferences and preferences applicable to specific parking spaces in light of environmental and contextual factors.

8 FIG. 200 10 202 200 56 10 204 56 206 10 208 210 40 40 10 10 10 a n Referring to, a flowchart illustrating a methodof selecting an optimized parking location for a vehicleis shown. Beginning at block, the methodincludes presenting, via a human machine interface (HMI), a list of parking preference options to a user within the vehicle, moving to block, collecting, via the HMI, parking preferences for the user for each of the options presented in the list of parking preference options, moving to block, identifying a destination of the vehicle, moving to block, identifying a current location of the vehicle, and, moving to block, collecting data from a plurality of sensors-within the vehiclerelated to a number of passengers within the vehicleand cargo within the vehicle.

200 212 36 10 48 214 In an exemplary embodiment, the methodincludes, moving to block, collecting, via the wireless communication modulewithin the vehicle, data from external sourcesrelated to availability of parking spaces within a parking structure at the identified destination, and, moving to block, determining if the identified destination is familiar to the user or unfamiliar to the user.

214 52 80 48 216 52 216 52 218 200 52 216 52 200 220 Wherein if, at block, the data processordetermines that the identified destination is, based on the user model, familiar to the user, then, using the data from external sources, moving to block, the data processordetermines if the number of available parking spaces at the parking structure at the destination is less than a first predetermined threshold. If, at block, the data processordetermines that the number of available parking spaces at the parking structure at the destination is not less than the first predetermined threshold, for example, 10%, then, moving to block, the methodends, and the data processortakes no further action. If, at block, the data processordetermines that the number of available parking spaces at the parking structure at the destination is less than the first predetermined threshold of 10%, then, the methodproceeds to block.

214 52 80 48 222 52 222 52 224 200 52 222 52 200 220 If, at block, the data processordetermines that the identified destination is, based on the user model, unfamiliar to the user, then, using the data from external sources, moving to block, the data processordetermines if the number of available parking spaces at the parking structure at the destination is less than a second predetermined threshold. If, at block, the data processordetermines that the number of available parking spaces at the parking structure at the destination is not less than the second predetermined threshold, for example, 50%, then, moving to block, the methodends, and the data processortakes no further action. If, at block, the data processordetermines that the number of available parking spaces at the parking structure at the destination is less than the second predetermined threshold of 50%, then, the methodproceeds to block.

220 200 36 10 48 226 228 230 36 10 40 40 10 232 52 80 10 234 80 236 a n At block, the methodfurther includes collecting, via a wireless communication modulewithin the vehicle, data from external sourcesand, moving to block, creating a list of potential parking spaces, moving to block, filtering the list of potential parking spaces based on availability, moving to block, collecting, via the wireless communication modulewithin the vehicle, and sensors-within the vehicle, data related to environmental and contextual conditions for each of the potential parking spaces, moving to block, accessing, with the data processor, a user modelbased on historical data of parking events for the vehicle, moving to block, further filtering the list of potential parking spaces based on user preferences, data related to environmental and contextual conditions, and the user modeland, moving to block, creating a filtered list of potential parking spaces.

238 200 80 240 242 56 244 56 Moving to block, the methodincludes ranking each of the potential parking spaces in the filtered list based on the parking preferences of the user, the data related to environmental and contextual conditions, and the user model, moving to block, selecting, from the filtered list of potential parking spaces, a sub-set of potential parking spaces based on rank, moving to block, displaying, via the HMI, the sub-set of potential parking spaces to the user, and, moving to block, receiving, from the user, via the HMI, a selection of one of the displayed sub-set of potential parking spaces.

246 52 248 52 80 If, at block, the data processorhas not received a selection of one of the displayed sub-set of potential parking spaces, then, moving to block, the data processorupdates the user modelbased on environmental and contextual conditions and the fact that the user did not select any of the displayed sub-set of potential parking spaces.

246 52 56 200 250 34 252 56 If, at block, the data processorreceives, from the user, via the HMI, a selection of one of the displayed sub-set of potential parking spaces, then, the methodmoves on to at least one of, moving to block, initiating, via communication with the vehicle controller, autonomous travel to and parking within the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces, and, moving to block, displaying, via the HMI, directions to the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces.

200 10 254 40 40 10 256 258 56 a n In an exemplary embodiment, the methodfurther includes, upon arrival of the vehicleat the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces, moving to block, collecting, with the sensors-within the vehicle, data related to environmental and contextual conditions at the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces, moving to block, re-ranking the list of filtered potential parking spaces and updating the sub-set of potential parking spaces, and, moving to block, displaying, with the HMI, the updated sub-set of potential parking spaces.

260 52 56 200 250 34 252 56 Moving to block, if the data processorreceives, via the HMI, a selection of one of the displayed updated sub-set of potential parking spaces that the user now wishes to park within, then the methodreverts back to at least one of, moving to block, initiating, via communication with the vehicle controller, autonomous travel to and parking within the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces, and, moving to block, displaying, via the HMI, directions to the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces.

260 52 56 200 262 52 262 200 264 If, at block, the data processorreceives, via the HMI, a selection, by the user, to continue parking in the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces, then, the methodproceeds to block, wherein the data processorprovides the opportunity for the user to reject the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces. If at block, the user does not reject the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces and completes parking of the vehicle within the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces, then the methodends at blockand the data processor takes no further action.

262 200 266 56 248 80 If at block, the user does reject the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces, the methodincludes, moving to block, prompting, with the HMI, an explanation for the rejection, and, moving to block, updating the user modelbased on rejection of the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces and the explanation provided by the user.

204 In an exemplary embodiment, the collecting, with the data processor, via the HMI, parking preferences for the user for each of the options presented in the list of parking preference options at blockfurther includes collecting, with the data processor, via the HMI a ranking for each of the options presented in the list of parking preference options, and a classification for the user's preference for each of the options presented in the list of parking preference options.

56 242 58 60 62 10 In another exemplary embodiment, the displaying, via the HMI, the sub-set of potential parking spaces to the user at blockfurther includes displaying, with a hybrid head-up-display system, upon an inner surfaceof a windshieldof the vehicle, text and graphics adapted to identify and provide information related to the sub-set of potential parking spaces.

204 56 52 10 34 10 In another exemplary embodiment, the collecting, via the HMI, parking preferences for the user for each of the options presented in the list of parking preference options at blockfurther includes receiving, from the user, via the HMI, a preference for the data processorto, when a destination for the vehiclehas been identified, send instructions to the vehicle controllerto automatically and autonomously navigate the vehicle to a highest ranked one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces, and park the vehiclewithin the highest ranked one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces.

56 204 56 52 10 34 10 10 In another exemplary embodiment, the collecting, via the HMI, parking preferences for the user for each of the options presented in the list of parking preference options at blockfurther includes receiving, from the user, via the HMI, a preference for the data processorto, when a destination for the vehiclehas been identified and a selection of one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces has been received from the user, send instructions to the vehicle controllerto automatically and autonomously navigate the vehicleto the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces, and park the vehiclewithin the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces.

56 242 56 58 In another exemplary embodiment, the displaying, via the HMI, the sub-set of potential parking spaces to the user at blockfurther includes displaying, with at least one of the HMIand the hybrid head-up-display system, explanations for the ranking of each of the displayed sub-set of potential parking spaces.

56 58 In another exemplary embodiment, the displaying, with at least one of the HMIand the hybrid head-up-display system, explanations for the ranking of each of the displayed sub-set of potential parking spaces further includes displaying a comparison of parking characteristics of each of the sub-set of potential parking spaces to user preferences.

200 52 80 52 56 In another exemplary embodiment, the methodincludes updating, with the data processor, the user modelbased on Inputs, from the user, collected by the data processor, via the HMI, selection, by the user, of one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces, rejection, by the user, of a selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces by a user, and completion of parking within the selected one of the sub-set of potential parking spaces.

200 10 In another exemplary embodiment, the methodincludes repeating the steps of creating the filtered list of potential parking spaces, the ranking each of the potential parking spaces in the filtered list, the selecting, from the filtered list of potential parking spaces, a sub-set of potential parking spaces based on rank, and the displaying, via the HMI, the sub-set of potential parking spaces to the user at a pre-determined interval until the vehiclehas parked.

50 200 50 56 58 50 20 50 200 40 40 50 50 50 50 200 a n A systemand methodof the present disclosure offers the advantage of selecting an optimal parking space by adapting selection of a parking space to a drivers' preferences and contextual information, interacting with the driver regarding the selection of parking spaces, and explaining the reasoning behind parking space selections. This allows the systemto display on and HMIand with an AR-HUDa filtered sub-set of potential parking spaces that is optimized, rather than displaying all potential parking spaces that meet basic requirements. This reduces clutter on the windshield. The systemand methodfurther provides selection of parking spaces based on user specific parking preferences, such as when a user wishes to only park in parking spaces that are right turn in, and does not want to park in spaces that are left turn in. The system, taking characteristics of the vehicle and machine learning based on a user model can avoid parking spaces that a user does not want to park in when driving a specific vehicle, such as avoiding parking spaces with curbs and concrete parking bumpers when driving a sports car with low ground clearance. The systemand methodallows a user to avoid parking spaces that are adjacent other vehicle, or more specifically, parking spaces that are adjacent other vehicles that are parked irregularly within their own parking space, as detected by vehicle sensors-. Additionally, the systemcan operate only when certain conditions are met, for example, only when the parking availability is less than a predetermined threshold, the threshold depending on the user's familiarity with the parking lot and parking spaces therein. This avoids running of the systemand potentially distracting displays and notifications, when such displays and notifications are not necessary for that user when parking at that specific parking lot or structure. The system and method further allows the user's parking preferences to be multi-dimensional, for example, the parking preferences can be premised on and “always” or “never” basis and can depend on secondary conditions, such as time of day, weather conditions, etc. This provides fine detail customization of the users parking preferences to ensure a higher level of user satisfaction when using the system and when driving the vehicle. Finally, the systemand method of the present disclosure provides output to the user in the form of potential parking spaces that is fine tuned specifically for the user's parking preferences, allowing manual or autonomous parking of the vehicle in parking spaces that are safe for the user and for the vehicle. Particularly in autonomous vehicles, the systemand methodof the present disclosure provides useful assistance in selection of and parking within selected parking spaces that is a significant improvement over previous systems that merely identify potential parking spaces based on simple one-dimensional preferences.

The description of the present disclosure is merely exemplary in nature and variations that do not depart from the gist of the present disclosure are intended to be within the scope of the present disclosure. Such variations are not to be regarded as a departure from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.