Motion vector detection apparatus and predictive coding system for compensating for movement with the apparatus

1. A motion vector detection apparatus, comprising: reference odd-field block feature extraction means for dividing a reference odd-field block into a plurality of minor blocks and for determining a value for an odd-field matching element, which value represents pixels constituting each of said minor blocks; search odd-field block feature extraction means for dividing a search odd-field block into a plurality of minor blocks and for determining a value for an odd-field matching element, which value represents pixels constituting each of said minor blocks; odd-field motion vector generating means for generating an odd-field motion vector in order to search for a search odd-field block which best matches said reference odd-field block, based on said odd-field matching elements provided from said reference odd-field block feature extraction means and said search odd-field block feature extraction means; reference even-field block feature extraction means for dividing a reference even-field block into a plurality of minor blocks and for determining a value for an even-field matching element, which value represents pixels constituting each of said minor blocks; search even-field block feature extraction means for dividing a search even-field block into a plurality of minor blocks and for determining a value for an even-field matching element, which value represents pixels constituting each of said minor blocks; even-field motion vector generating means for generating an even-field motion vector in order to search for a search even-field block which best matches said reference even-field block, based on said even-field matching elements provided from said reference even-field block feature extraction means and said search even-field block feature extraction means; first data synthesis means for synthesizing together into frame matching elements said odd-field matching elements and even-field matching elements which are provided from said reference odd-field block feature extraction means and said reference even-field block feature extraction means; second data synthesis means for synthesizing together into frame matching elements said odd-field matching elements and even-field matching elements which are provided from said search odd-field block feature extraction means and said search even-field block feature extraction means; and frame motion vector generating means for generating a frame motion vector in order to search for a search frame block which best matches a reference frame block, based on said frame matching elements provided from said first and second data synthesis means.

2. The motion vector detection apparatus in accordance with claim 1, wherein, when each of said field blocks has m pixels along the horizontal axis and n/2 pixels along the vertical axis, said reference odd-field block feature extraction means, said reference even-field block feature extraction means, said search odd-field block feature extraction means, and said search even-field block feature extraction means successively form said minor blocks which have m pixels along the horizontal axis and b (b<n/2) pixels along the vertical axis, and said minor blocks which have a (a<m) pixels along the horizontal axis and n/2 pixels along the vertical axis.

3. A method for detecting a motion vector, comprising the steps of: performing feature extraction to divide a reference odd-field block into a plurality of minor blocks and to determine a value for a reference odd-field matching element, which value represents pixels constituting each of said minor blocks; performing feature extraction to divide a search odd-field block into a plurality of minor blocks and to determine a value for a search odd-field matching element, which value represents pixels constituting each of said minor blocks; generating an odd-field motion vector in order to search for a search odd-field block which best matches said reference odd-field block, based on said reference and search odd-field matching elements; performing feature extraction to divide a reference even-field block into a plurality of minor blocks and to determine a value for a reference even-field matching element, which value represents pixels constituting each of said minor blocks; performing feature extraction to divide a search even-field block into a plurality of minor blocks and to determine a value for a search even-field matching element, which value represents pixels constituting each of said minor blocks; generating an even-field motion vector in order to search for a search even-field block which best matches said reference even-field block, based on said reference and search even-field matching elements; synthesizing said reference odd-field matching elements and said reference even-field matching elements together into reference frame matching elements; synthesizing said search odd-field matching elements and said search even-field matching elements together into search frame matching elements; and generating a frame motion vector in order to search for a search frame block which best matches a reference frame block, based on said reference and search frame matching elements.

4. The method for detecting a motion vector in accordance with claim 3, further comprising the steps of successively forming said minor blocks which have m pixels along the horizontal axis and b (b<n/2) pixels along the vertical axis, and said minor blocks which have a (a<m) pixels along the horizontal axis and n/2 pixels along the vertical axis, when each of said field blocks has m pixels along the horizontal axis and n/2 pixels along the vertical axis.