Flat panel display and a method of fabrication

1. A flat panel logic tree display array for steering electromagnetic radiation comprising a plurality of first logic trees each of said first logic trees having a plurality of stages, a single input port, a plurality of output ports, and wherein said array has 2 m 2 n output ports, wherein m and n integers representing are stage numbers and may be the same or different; and a plurality of sources of electromagnetic radiation each electromagnetically coupled to said a single input port of an associated first logic tree and having a given wavelength and circular polarization.

2. An array according to claim 1 wherein the first stage of said plurality of stages includes a branch for directing said radiation to a similar branch in each succeeding stage, each of said stages containing 2 n 1 branches where n is the stage number.

3. An array according to claim 2 wherein each of said branches includes an active element for directing said electromagnetic radiation into one of first and second paths and a passive element disposed in said second path for directing said radiation into a path parallel to said first path when said radiation is directed into said second path.

4. An array according to claim 3 wherein said active element includes an element transmissive to said given wavelength and circular polarization and reflective to said given wavelength and to a circular polarization opposite to said given circular polarization.

5. An array according to claim 3 wherein said passive element includes an element reflective to said given wavelength and a circular polarization opposite to said given circular polarization.

6. An array according to claim 3 wherein said active element includes phase shifter means disposed in electromagnetically coupled relationship with said active element.

7. An array according to claim 3 wherein said active element includes an element made of cholesteric liquid crystal material.

8. An away according to claim 3 wherein said passive element includes an element made of cholesteric liquid crystal material.

9. An array according to claim 3 further including a programmable pulsed source connected to said active element.

10. An array according to claim 2 further including means connected to said source of electromagnetic radiation for modulating said source.

11. An array according to claim 3 further including half wave retarders disposed in electromagnetically coupled relationship with selected of said active and passive elements of the last stage of said plurality of stages to convert said electromagnetic energy emanating from said active and passive elements to a single circular polarization.

12. An array according to claim 6 wherein said phase shifter means includes a phase shifting material responsive to different potential levels for switching said phase shifting material between states which switch incident electromagnetic radiation between said given polarization and said opposite polarization.

13. An array according to claim 12 wherein said phase shifting means further includes means for applying said different potential levels to said phase shifter material.

14. A flat panel logic tree display array for steering electromagnetic radiation comprising a plurality of first logic trees each of said first logic trees having a plurality of stages, a single input port, a plurality of output ports, and wherein said array has 2 m 2 n output ports, wherein m and n integers representing are stage numbers and may be the same or different; and a second logic tree similar to each of said plurality of first logic trees having a plurality of stages, a single input port and a plurality of output ports each of said output ports of said second logic tree being connected to a different one of said input ports of said plurality of first logic trees.

15. An array according to claim 14 further including at least a single source of electromagnetic radiation electromagnetically coupled to said single port of said second logic tree.

16. An array according to claim 14 further including a half-wave retarder electromagnetically coupled to selected ones of said output ports of said plurality of first logic trees.

17. An array according to claim 14 further including a half-wave retarder electromagnetically coupled to selected ones of said output ports of said plurality of first logic trees.

18. An array according to claim 14 wherein said plurality of output ports of said plurality of first logic trees are disposed in the form of a reotilinear array.

19. An array according to claim 14 wherein said plurality of first logic trees and said second logic tree are disposed in a orthogonal relationship.

20. An array according to claim 14 wherein each of said plurality of first logic trees is disposed in stacked relationship with others of said first logic trees.

21. An array according to claim 14 wherein said plurality of output ports of said second logic tree are remote from each said single input port of said plurality of first logic trees.

22. An array according to claim 14 further including at least a single source of electromagnetic radiation optically coupled to said single input port of said second logic tree and means connected to said at least a single source for modulating said at least a single source of electromagnetic radiation.

23. An array according to claim 14 wherein the first stages of said plurality of stages of said first logic trees and the first stage of said second logic tree include a branch for directing said radiation to a similar branch in each succeeding stage, each of said stages containing 2 n 1 branches where n is the stage number.

24. An array according to claim 23 wherein each of said branches of said first and second logic trees includes an active element for directing said electromagnetic radiation into one of first and second paths and a passive element disposed in said second path for directing said radiation into a path parallel to said first path when said radiation is directed into a first path.

25. An array according to claim 24 wherein said active element includes an element transmissive to said wavelength and circular polarization and reflective to said given wavelength and to a circular polarization opposite to said given circular polarization.

26. An array according to claim 24 wherein said passive element includes an element reflective to said given wavelength and a circular polarization opposite to said given circular polarization.

27. An array according to claim 24 wherein said active elements includes phase shifter means disposed in electromagnetically coupled relationship with said active element.

28. An array according to claim 24 wherein said active element includes an element made of cholesteric liquid crystal material.

29. An array according to claim 24 wherein said passive element includes an element made of cholesteric liquid crystal material.

30. An array according to claim 24 further including a programmable pulsed source connected to said active element.

31. An array according to claim 23 further including means connected to said source of electromagnetic energy for modulating said source.

32. An array according to claim 26 further including half-wave retarders disposed in electromagnetically coupled relationship with selected of said active and passive elements to convert said electromagnetic energy of the last stage of said plurality of stages to convert said electromagnetic energy emanating from said active and passive elements to a single circular polarization.

33. An array according to claim 27 wherein said phase shifter means includes a phase shifting material responsive to different potential levels for switching said phase shifting material between states which switch incident electromagnetic energy between said given polarization and said opposite polarization.

34. An array according to claim 33 wherein said phase shifting means further includes means for applying said different potential levels to said phase shifter material.