A method of designing a detection and ranging apparatus having an M number of transmitting elements and an N number of receiving elements, includes decomposing a desired polynomial equation representing an array factor of a K element sensor array into a first polynomial equation representing an array factor of an M element sensor array and a second polynomial equation representing an array factor of an N element sensor array, determining arrangement of the M number of transmitting elements based on the first polynomial equation, and determining arrangement the N number of receiving elements based on the second polynomial equation, wherein K=M×N, or K≧max(M, N).
Legal claims defining the scope of protection, as filed with the USPTO.
1. A method of designing a detection and ranging apparatus having an M number of transmitting elements and an N number of receiving elements, said method implemented on at least one computer, the method comprising: decomposing a desired polynomial equation representing an array factor of a K element sensor array into a first polynomial equation representing an array factor of an M element sensor array and a second polynomial equation representing an array factor of an N element sensor array; determining arrangement of the M number of transmitting elements based on the first polynomial equation; and determining arrangement the N number of receiving elements based on the second polynomial equation, wherein K=M×N, or K≧max(M, N).
2. The method of designing the detection and ranging apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the desired polynomial equation is expressed as ∑ k = 0 K - 1 z k , wherein z=exp(−j2π(d/λ)sin(θ)), j: Imaginary unit, d: Standard sensor distance, λ: Wavelength of a carrier signal, and θ: Variable representing an arbitrary angle within a measurement range.
3. The method of designing the detection and ranging apparatus according to claim 2 , wherein an element z m , where m is an integer, of the first polynomial equation corresponds to each transmitting element of the M number of transmitting elements; the M number of transmitting elements are arranged so as to provide a distance of m×d between the transmitting element corresponding to z 0 and the transmitting element corresponding to z m according to the first polynomial equation; an element z n , where n is an integer, of the second polynomial equation corresponds to each receiving element of the N number of receiving elements; and the N number of receiving elements are arranged so as to provide a distance of n×d between the receiving element corresponding to z 0 and the receiving element corresponding to z n according to the second polynomial equation.
4. The method of designing the detection and ranging apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein a distance between a first transmitting element of the M number of transmitting elements and any one receiving element of the N number of receiving elements is βd; a distance between a second transmitting element of the M number of transmitting elements and any one receiving element of the N number of receiving elements is βd; and a distance between other mutually adjacent elements is d or an integral multiple of d, wherein α+β=1.
5. The method of designing the detection and ranging apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein a distance between a first receiving element of the N number of receiving elements and any one transmitting element of the M number of transmitting elements is βd; a distance between a second receiving element of the N number of receiving elements and any one transmitting element of the M number of transmitting elements is βd; and a distance between other mutually adjacent elements is d or an integral multiple of d, wherein α+β=1.
6. A computer readable recording medium that records a program for designing a detection and ranging apparatus having an M number of transmitting elements and an N number of receiving elements, the program causing a computer to execute: a procedure for decomposing a desired polynomial equation representing an array factor of a K element sensor array into a first polynomial equation representing an array factor of an M element sensor array and a second polynomial equation representing an array factor of an N element sensor array; a procedure for determining arrangement of the M number of transmitting elements based on the first polynomial equation; and determining arrangement of the N number of receiving elements based on the second polynomial equation, wherein K=M×N, or K≧max(M, N).
7. A detection and ranging apparatus comprising: an M number of transmitting elements transmitting a probe signal; an N number of receiving elements receiving an echo signal from an object; and a calculation unit calculating a direction where the object is located using output signals of the N number of receiving elements, wherein a distance between a first transmitting element of the M number of transmitting elements and any one receiving element of the N number of receiving elements is βd; a distance between a second transmitting element of the M number of transmitting elements and any one receiving element of the N number of receiving elements is βd; and a distance between other mutually adjacent elements is d or an integral multiple of d, wherein α+β=1.
8. The detection and ranging apparatus according to claim 7 , wherein the N number of receiving elements are spaced apart at a distance d to configure a receiving element array; an L 1 number of transmitting elements including the first transmitting element are arranged outside one of the receiving element arrays; and an L 2 number of transmitting elements including the second transmitting element are arranged outside the other one of the receiving element arrays, wherein L 1 +L 2 =M.
9. The detection and ranging apparatus according to claim 7 , wherein the N number of receiving elements are each spaced apart by a distance d; and the M number of transmitting elements are each spaced apart by N×d.
10. The detection and ranging apparatus according to claim 9 , wherein one of the N number of receiving elements is arranged between the first transmitting element and the second transmitting element.
11. The detection and ranging apparatus according to claim 7 , wherein the M number of transmitting elements and the N number of receiving elements are provided as a plurality of sensor elements including a transmitting and receiving shared element.
12. A detection and ranging apparatus comprising: an M number of transmitting elements transmitting a probe signal; an N number of receiving elements receiving an echo signal form an object; and a calculation unit calculating a direction where the object is located using output signals of the N number of receiving elements, wherein a distance between a first receiving element of the N number of receiving elements and any one transmitting element of the M number of transmitting elements is βd; a distance between a second receiving element of the N number of receiving elements and any one transmitting element of the M number of transmitting elements is βd; and a distance between other mutually adjacent elements is d or an integral multiple of d, wherein α+β=1.
13. The detection and ranging apparatus according to claim 12 , wherein the M number of transmitting elements are each spaced apart at a distance d to configure a transmitting element array; an L 1 number of receiving elements including the first receiving element are arranged outside one of the transmitting element arrays; and an L 2 number of receiving elements including the second receiving element are arranged outside the other one of the transmitting element arrays, wherein L 1 +L 2 =N.
14. The detection and ranging apparatus according to claim 12 , wherein the M number of transmitting elements are each spaced apart by a distance d; and the N number of receiving elements are each spaced apart by M×d.
15. The detection and ranging apparatus according to claim 14 , wherein one of the N number of receiving elements is arranged between the first transmitting element and the second transmitting element.
16. The detection and ranging apparatus according to claim 12 , wherein the M number of transmitting elements and the N number of receiving elements are provided as a plurality of sensor elements including a transmitting and receiving shared element.
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December 18, 2009
August 30, 2011
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