A 3D image display device includes a display module, an electrochromic module, a control unit and a sensing unit. The electrochromic module has a first electrochromic element and a second electrochromic element disposed in the different direction, and the electrochromic element is a solution type electrochromic material, and the valence of ions in the material is changed to produce a quick and uniform coloration. The display device transmits a detect signal of the sensing unit to the control unit, and the control unit controls the coloration/decoloration of the first and second electrochromic elements to switch the horizontal or vertical parallax barrier, such that viewers can view a 3D image from different viewing angles and directions.
Legal claims defining the scope of protection, as filed with the USPTO.
1. An electrochromic module, comprising: a first transparent substrate; a first transparent conductive unit, disposed on a side of the first transparent substrate; a plurality of first electrochromic elements, disposed on a side of the first transparent conductive unit; a second transparent conductive unit, disposed on a side of the first electrochromic elements; a second transparent substrate, disposed on a side of the second transparent conductive unit; a third transparent conductive unit, disposed on a side of the second transparent substrate; a plurality of second electrochromic elements, disposed on a side of the third transparent conductive unit and arranged orthogonally with respect to the first electrochromic elements; a fourth transparent conductive unit, disposed on a side of the second electrochromic elements; a third transparent substrate, disposed on a side of the fourth transparent conductive unit; a plurality of first isolating units, arranged with an interval apart from each other and disposed between the first electrochromic elements; and a plurality of second isolating units, arranged with an interval apart from each other and disposed between the second electrochromic elements, and the first isolating units and the second isolating units are arranged in the same direction of the first electrochromic elements and the second electrochromic elements respectively; wherein, the first electrochromic elements change the valence of ions of the first electrochromic element to produce a color change by electrons provided by the first transparent conductive unit or the second transparent conductive unit, and the second electrochromic elements change the valence of ions of the second electrochromic element to produce a color change by electrons provided by the third transparent conductive unit or the fourth transparent conductive unit.
2. The electrochromic module of claim 1 , wherein the first electrochromic elements and the second electrochromic elements are produced by mixing and dissolving at least one inorganic electrochromic material and at least one organic electrochromic material into a solvent.
3. The electrochromic module of claim 2 , wherein the inorganic electrochromic material is an inorganic derivative selected from of an oxide, a sulfide, a chloride and a hydroxide of a transition element.
4. The electrochromic module of claim 3 , wherein the transition element is an element selected from the collection of a scandium subgroup (IIIB), a titanium subgroup (IVB), a chromium subgroup (VIB), a manganese subgroup (VIIB), an iron series (VIII), a copper subgroup (IB), a zinc subgroup (IIB) and a platinum series (VIII).
5. The electrochromic module of claim 2 , wherein the inorganic electrochromic material is an inorganic derivative including an oxide, a sulfide, a chloride and a hydroxide selected from the collection of a halogen group (VIIA), an oxygen group (VIA), a nitrogen group (VA), a carbon group (IVA), a boron group (IIIA), an alkali earth metal group (IIA) and an alkali metal group (IA).
6. The electrochromic module of claim 2 , wherein the inorganic electrochromic material is one selected from the collection of ferrous chloride (FeCl 2 ), ferric trichloride (FeCl 3 ), titanium trichloride (TiCl 3 ), titanium tetrachloride (TiCl 4 ), bismuth chloride (BiCl 3 ), copper chloride (CuCl 2 ) and lithium bromide (LiBr).
7. The electrochromic module of claim 2 , wherein the organic electrochromic material is a redox indicator, a pH indicator or another organic compound.
8. The electrochromic module of claim 7 , wherein the redox indicator is one selected from the collection of methylene blue, (C 16 H 18 ClN 3 S.3H 2 O), viologen, N-phenyl-o-anthranilic acid (C 13 H 11 NO 2 ), sodium diphenylamine sulfonate (C 12 H 10 NNaO 3 S) dichlorophenolindophenol sodium (C 12 H 6 Cl 2 NNaO 2 ) and N,N′-diphenylbenzidine (C 20 H 20 N 2 ).
9. The electrochromic module of claim 7 , wherein the pH indicator is variamine blue B diazonium salt (C 13 H 12 ClN 3 O).
10. The electrochromic module of claim 7 , wherein, the organic compound is one selected from the collection of 7,7,8,8-Tetracyanoquinodimethane and ferrocene [Fe(C 5 H 5 ) 2 ].
11. The electrochromic module of claim 2 , wherein the solvent is one selected from the collection of dimethyl sulfoxide [(CH 3 ) 2 SO], propylene carbonate (C 4 H 6 O 3 ), water (H 2 O), γ-butyrolactone, acetonitrile, propionitrile, benzonitrile, glutaronitrile, methylglutaronitrile, 3,3′-oxy-2-propionitrile, hydroxyl propionitrile, dimethyl-formamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, sulfolane, 3-methyl sulfone and their mixtures.
12. The electrochromic module of claim 1 , wherein the isolating unit is a photoresist or silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ).
13. The electrochromic module of claim 1 , wherein the first electrochromic elements and the second electrochromic elements are produced by doping an electrochromic material with an electrolytic material.
14. The electrochromic module of claim 13 , wherein the electrochromic material is one selected from the collection of anodic coloration, cathodic coloration and cathodic/anodic coloration transition metal oxide or an organic electrochromic material.
15. The electrochromic module of claim 14 , wherein the transition metal oxide is one selected from the collection of nickel hydroxide [Ni(OH) 2 ], tantalum pentoxide (Ta 2 O 5 ), ferric ferrocyanide (Fe[Fe(Cn) 6 ] 3 ), tungsten oxide (WO 3 ), tantalum pentoxide (Ta 2 O 5 ), vanadium oxide (V 2 O 2 ), niobium oxide (Nb 2 O 3 ), and titanium oxide (TiO 2 ).
16. The electrochromic module of claim 14 , wherein the organic electrochromic material is a redox compound, a conductive polymer, a polymer metal complex, a coordination complex of a transition metal or a lanthanide element, a metal phthalocyanine and their derivative.
17. The electrochromic module of claim 16 , wherein the organic electrochromic material is one selected from the collection of bipyridyls, viologen, polyacetylene, polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene, ferrocene and iron(III) thiocyanate dissolved in a water solution, hexacyanoferrate dissolved in a tetracyanoquino solution and tetrasulfur cyanide dissolved in an acetonitrile solution.
18. The electrochromic module of claim 13 , wherein the electrolytic material is one selected from the collection of lithium perchlorate (LiClO 4 ), potassium hydroxide (KOH), sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium silicate (Na 2 SiO 3 ).
19. The electrochromic module of claim 1 , wherein the first electrochromic elements and the second electrochromic elements further include an electrolytic material or a macromolecular polymer.
20. The electrochromic module of claim 19 , wherein the electrolytic material is one selected from the collection of lithium perchlorate (LiClO 4 ), potassium hydroxide (KOH), sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium silicate (Na 2 SiO 3 ).
21. The electrochromic module of claim 19 , wherein the macromolecular polymer is one selected from the collection of a highly fluorinated resin, poly(2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid) (PAMAS), poly(vinylalcohol phosphoric acid) (PAVA), polyethylene oxide (PEO), polyethyleneimine (PEI), tetrabutylammonium tetrafluoroborate, polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), phenyl acid phosphate (PAP), polyvinyl pyrrolidon (PVP) and their mixture.
22. The electrochromic module of claim 1 , wherein when the first and second transparent conductive units come with a plural quantity, the first transparent conductive units and the second transparent conductive units are arranged with an interval apart from each other and disposed between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate, such that each first electrochromic element is disposed between the first transparent conductive unit and the second transparent conductive unit, and when the third and fourth transparent conductive units come with a plural quantity, the third transparent conductive units and the fourth transparent conductive units are arranged with an interval apart from each other and disposed between the second transparent substrate and the third transparent substrate, such that each second electrochromic element is disposed between the third transparent conductive unit and the fourth transparent conductive unit.
23. The electrochromic module of claim 1 , wherein the first transparent conductive unit includes a plurality of first isolating portions extended upwardly from the first transparent conductive unit, and the second transparent conductive unit includes a plurality of second isolating portions extended downwardly from the second transparent conductive unit, and the third transparent conductive unit includes a plurality of third isolating portions extended upwardly from the third transparent conductive unit, and the fourth transparent conductive unit includes a plurality of fourth isolating portion extended downwardly from the fourth transparent conductive unit.
24. The electrochromic module of claim 1 , wherein the first electrochromic elements and the second electrochromic elements further include an inert conductive salt selected from the collection of lithium, sodium, and tetra-alkylamine salts.
25. The electrochromic module of claim 1 , wherein the electrochromic module is coupled to a display module, a control unit and a sensing unit to form a 3D image display device, and the control unit is electrically coupled to the first transparent conductive unit, the second transparent conductive unit, the third transparent conductive unit and the fourth transparent conductive unit of the electrochromic module, and electrically coupled to the sensing unit and the display module, such that the sensing unit senses a rotating direction of the display module and transmits a sensing signal to the control unit, and the control unit controls the voltage of the first transparent conductive unit, the second transparent conductive unit, the third transparent conductive unit and the fourth transparent conductive unit, such that the first electrochromic elements or the second electrochromic elements have a coloration to form a parallax barrier.
26. The electrochromic module of claim 25 , wherein the sensing unit is a gyroscope or an optoelectronic direction sensor.
27. An electrochromic module, comprising: a first transparent substrate; a plurality of fifth transparent conductive units, arranged with an interval apart from each other and disposed on a side of the first transparent substrate; a first electrochromic element, deposed on a side of the fifth transparent conductive unit; a second transparent substrate, deposed on a side of the first electrochromic element; a plurality of sixth transparent conductive units, arranged with an interval apart from each other and deposed on a side of the second transparent substrate; a second electrochromic element, deposed on a side of the sixth transparent conductive unit; and a third transparent substrate, deposed on a side of the second electrochromic element; wherein the fifth transparent conductive unit and the sixth transparent conductive unit are arranged orthogonally with each other, and the valence of ions of the first electrochromic element being changed for a coloration by the electrons provided by the fifth transparent conductive unit, and the valence of ions of the second electrochromic elements being changed for a coloration by the electrons provided by the sixth transparent conductive unit.
28. The electrochromic module of claim 27 , wherein the fifth transparent conductive unit alternately supplies positive and negative voltages to the first electrochromic element, and the sixth transparent conductive unit alternately supplies positive and negative voltages to the second electrochromic element.
29. The electrochromic module of claim 28 , further comprising at least one seventh transparent conductive unit and an eighth transparent conductive unit, and the seventh transparent conductive unit being disposed on a lower surface of the second transparent substrate, and the eighth transparent conductive unit being disposed on a lower surface of the third transparent substrate.
30. The electrochromic module of claim 29 , wherein the seventh and eighth transparent conductive units supply a positive voltage to the first electrochromic element and the second electrochromic element.
31. The electrochromic module of claim 27 , further comprising a plurality of first and second masking units disposed on upper surfaces of the fifth and sixth transparent conductive units.
32. The electrochromic module of claim 31 , wherein the first and second masking units are photoresist or silicon dioxide.
33. The electrochromic module of claim 27 , wherein the first electrochromic elements and the second electrochromic elements are produced by mixing and dissolving an inorganic electrochromic material and an organic electrochromic material into a solvent.
34. The electrochromic module of claim 33 , wherein the inorganic electrochromic material is an in organic derivative selected from an oxide, a sulfide, a chloride and a hydroxide of a transition element.
35. The electrochromic module of claim 34 , wherein the transition element is an element selected from the collection of a scandium subgroup (IIIB), a titanium subgroup (IVB), a chromium subgroup (VIB), a manganese subgroup (VIIB), an iron series (VIII), a copper subgroup (IB), a zinc subgroup (IIB) and a platinum series (VIII).
36. The electrochromic module of claim 33 , wherein the inorganic electrochromic material is an inorganic derivative including an oxide, a sulfide, a chloride and a hydroxide selected from the collection of a halogen group (VIIA), an oxygen group (VIA), a nitrogen group (VA), a carbon group (IVA), a boron group (IIIA), an alkali earth metal group (IIA) and an alkali metal group (IA).
37. The electrochromic module of claim 33 , wherein the inorganic electrochromic material is one selected from the collection of ferrous chloride (FeCl 2 ), ferric trichloride (FeCl 3 ), titanium trichloride (TiCl 3 ), titanium tetrachloride (TiCl 4 ), bismuth chloride (BiCl 3 ), copper chloride (CuCl 2 ) and lithium bromide (LiBr).
38. The electrochromic module of claim 33 , wherein the organic electrochromic material is a redox indicator, a pH indicator or another organic compound.
39. The electrochromic module of claim 38 , wherein the redox indicator is one selected from the collection of methylene blue, (C 16 H 18 ClN 3 S.3H 2 O), viologen, N-phenyl-o-anthranilic acid (C 13 H 11 NO 2 ), sodium diphenylamine sulfonate (C 12 H 10 NNaO 3 S) dichlorophenolindophenol sodium (C 12 H 6 Cl 2 NNaO 2 ) and N,N′-diphenylbenzidine (C 20 H 20 N 2 ).
40. The electrochromic module of claim 38 , wherein the pH indicator is a variamine blue B diazonium salt (C 13 H 12 ClN 3 O).
41. The electrochromic module of claim 38 , wherein the organic compound is one selected from the collection of 7,7,8,8-Tetracyanoquinodimethane and ferrocene [Fe(C 5 H 5 ) 2 ].
42. The electrochromic module of claim 33 , wherein the solvent is one selected from the collection of dimethyl sulfoxide [(CH 3 ) 2 SO], propylene carbonate (C 4 H 6 O 3 ), water (H 2 O), γ-butyrolactone, acetonitrile, propionitrile, benzonitrile, glutaronitrile, methylglutaronitrile, 3,3′-oxy-2-propionitrile, hydroxyl propionitrile, dimethyl-formamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, sulfon, 3-methyl sulfone and their mixtures.
43. The electrochromic module of claim 27 , wherein the first electrochromic elements and the second electrochromic elements are made by doping an electrochromic material with an electrolytic material.
44. The electrochromic module of claim 43 , wherein the electrochromic material is a transition metal oxide selected from the collection of an anodic coloration group, a cathodic coloration group, a cathodic/anodic coloration group, and an organic electrochromic material.
45. The electrochromic module of claim 44 , wherein the transition metal oxide is one selected from the collection of nickel hydroxide [Ni(OH) 2 ], tantalum pentoxide (Ta 2 O 5 ), ferric ferrocyanide (Fe[Fe(Cn) 6 ] 3 ), tungsten oxide (WO 3 ), tantalum pentoxide (Ta 2 O 5 ), vanadium oxide (V 2 O 2 ), niobium oxide (Nb 2 O 3 ), and titanium oxide (TiO 2 ).
46. The electrochromic module of claim 44 , wherein the organic electrochromic material is a redox compound, a conductive polymer, a polymer metal complex, a coordination complex of a transition metal or a lanthanide element, a metal phthalocyanine and their derivative.
47. The electrochromic module of claim 46 , wherein the organic electrochromic material is one selected from the collection of bipyridyls, viologen, polyacetylene, polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene, ferrocene and iron(III) thiocyanate dissolved in a water solution, hexacyanoferrate dissolved in a tetracyanoquino solution and tetrasulfur cyanide dissolved in an acetonitrile solution.
48. The electrochromic module of claim 44 , wherein the electrolytic material is one selected from the collection of lithium perchlorate (LiClO 4 ), potassium hydroxide (KOH), sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium silicate (Na 2 SiO 3 ).
49. The electrochromic module of claim 27 , wherein the first electrochromic element and the second electrochromic element further comprise an electrolytic material or a macromolecular polymer.
50. The electrochromic module of claim 49 , wherein the electrolytic material is one selected from the collection of lithium perchlorate (LiClO 4 ), potassium hydroxide (KOH), sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium silicate (Na 2 SiO 3 ).
51. The electrochromic module of claim 49 , wherein the macromolecular polymer is one selected from the collection of a highly fluorinated resin, poly(2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid) (PAMAS), poly(vinylalcohol phosphoric acid) (PAVA), polyethylene oxide (PEO), polyethyleneimine (PEI), tetrabutylammonium tetrafluoroborate, polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), phenyl acid phosphate (PAP), polyvinyl pyrrolidon (PVP) and their mixture.
52. The electrochromic module of claim 27 , wherein the electrochromic module is coupled to a display module, a control unit and a sensing unit to form a 3D image display device, and the control unit is electrically coupled to the fifth transparent conductive unit and the sixth transparent conductive unit of the electrochromic module and electrically coupled to the sensing unit and the display module, and the sensing unit is provided for sensing a rotating direction of the display module, and a sensing signal is transmitted to the control unit, and the voltage of the fifth transparent conductive unit and the sixth transparent conductive unit is controlled by the control unit, such that the first electrochromic elements or the second electrochromic elements change colors to form a parallax barrier.
53. The electrochromic module device of claim 52 , wherein the sensing unit is a gyroscope or an optoelectronic direction sensor.
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May 18, 2011
February 5, 2013
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