Method and device for assessing muscular capacities of athletes using short tests

1. A method of evaluating muscular physiological parameters of an athlete using a test, comprising: fastening a removable and electrically autonomous measurement device to a weight of known mass, said measurement device comprising a three-axis accelerometer; having said athlete move said measurement device and the weight during said test; converting a sequence of accelerations along three axes, delivered by said three-axis accelerometer, into a sequence of successive accelerations along a direction of a movement of the weight; determining the sequence of successive accelerations of said weight during said test; decomposing the movement into key phases so as to determine the start and end of a key phase and calculate a maximum power during a predetermined key phase; determining based on the calculated maximum power an optimum weight with which the athlete must train to maximize power deployed during an exercise; automatically determining at least one key instant or key phase of the test from said sequence of accelerations based on a priori knowledge of a form of at least one portion of said sequence of accelerations; determining at least one quantity representative of said muscular physiological parameters in said at least one key instant or during said key phase based on said priori knowledge of a form of at least one portion of said sequence of accelerations; and immediately at the end of said test, indicating the at least one quantity representative of said muscular physiological parameters on a display of the device.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said at least one indicated quantity comprises at least one quantity proportional to the maximum power deployed by said athlete during the test.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the maximum power being an instantaneous maximum power.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the maximum power being a maximum power during a time interval of predetermined duration corresponding to several sampling instants.

5. The method of claim 1 , wherein said maximum power being a maximum power during a time interval between two key instants of the test.

6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising automatically determining at least one of one key instant, and a key duration of the test from said sequence of accelerations, wherein said at least one indicated quantity being determined by taking into account at least one of said key instant and said key duration.

7. The method of claim 6 , wherein said key instant (Ti) or said key duration is displayed on said display.

8. The method of claim 1 , further comprising a calculation step and a display step for calculating and displaying, after said test, a maximum force enhancement.

9. The method of claim 1 , wherein said at least one indicated quantity comprises at least one quantity proportional to a maximum velocity of said weight during the test.

10. The method of claim 1 , wherein a sequence of accelerations and/or data calculated from the sequence of accelerations are transmitted to an external processing device for calculating and displaying quantities or graphs representative of said muscular physiological parameters.

11. The method of claim 1 further comprising determining a vertical direction using a plurality of indications provided by said three-axis accelerometer.

12. The method of claim 1 , wherein said test is a weight lift, further comprising inputting a parameter proportional to the weight lifted into said device, wherein said device is removably fitted so as to move with said weight, determining a vertical direction before the lift on the basis of indications from said accelerometer at rest, wherein said at least one indicated quantity estimates the athlete's power.

13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the duration of said test is less than 10 seconds, and wherein said sequence of accelerations is measured at least every 100th of a second.

14. A method of evaluating muscular physiological parameters of an athlete using short tests, comprising: fastening a removable and electrically autonomous measurement device to a weight of known mass that is moved by the athlete during the tests, said measurement device comprising a three-axis accelerometer; having said athlete move said weight of known mass during the tests; converting a sequence of accelerations along three axes, delivered by said three-axis accelerometer, into a sequence of successive accelerations along a direction of a movement of the weight; determining the successive sequence of accelerations of said weight during said tests; decomposing the movement into key phases so as to determine the start and end of a key phase and calculate a maximum power during a predetermined key phase; determining based on the calculated maximum power an optimum weight with which the athlete must train to maximize power deployed during an exercise; automatically determining at least one key instant or key phase of the tests from said sequence of accelerations based on a priori knowledge of a form of at least one portion of said sequence of accelerations; determining a quantity representative of said muscular physiological parameters in said at least one key instant or during said key phase based on said a priori knowledge of a form of at least one portion of the sequence of accelerations along a direction of movement of said weight; and displaying said quantity.

15. A test device, comprising: removable fastening means for fastening said test device to a movable weight of known mass; an autonomous electrical power supply; a display; a three-axis accelerometer for delivering a sequence of accelerations of at least 100 measurements per second over a duration between 1 and 10 seconds along a direction of movement of said weight; and data processing device configured to: decompose the movement into key phases so as to determine the start and end of a key phase and calculate a maximum power during a predetermined key phase; determining based on the calculated maximum power an optimum weight with which the athlete must train to maximize power deployed during an exercise; automatically determining at least one quantity representative of the muscular capacity of the athlete during each key phase; and displaying the at least one quantity on said display.

16. The test device of claim 15 , further comprising removable means for linking to a computer, a PDA and/or an external computer.

17. The test device of claim 15 , further comprising means for selecting a type of exercise performed from a list of several exercises.

18. The test device of claim 15 , wherein said removable fastening means are capable of fastening said device to the athlete's waist and/or trunk.

19. The test device of claim 15 , wherein said removable fastening means include a hook and loop fastener.

20. The test device of claim 15 , wherein said removable fastening means being configured for aligning vertically when the device is in its normal use position to improve a measurement in a vertical direction.

21. A test device to be fastened to a movable weight, comprising: a display; a three-axis accelerometer configured for delivering a sequence of accelerations along an axis of movement of the movable weight; and a microprocessor programmed to allow selection of a type of an exercise to be performed by an athlete from a list of exercises, wherein the microprocessor is configured for: decomposing the movement into key phases to determine the start and end of a key phase and calculate a maximum power during a predetermined key phase; determining based on the calculated maximum power an optimum weight with which the athlete must train to maximize power deployed during an exercise; automatically determining at least one quantity representative of the athlete's muscular capacity during each key phase and; displaying the at least one quantity on said display.

22. A system comprising a device as claimed in claim 21 and a data processing storage medium comprising a computer program to be executed by an external processing unit for displaying additional quantities measured by said device.

23. A test device, comprising: a hook and loop fastener configured to fasten the test device to a movable weight to be moved by an athlete; an autonomous electrical power supply; an accelerometer for delivering a sequence of accelerations along the axis of movement of the movable weight; a display; a microprocessor configured for decomposing the movement into key phases so as to determine the start and end of a key phase and calculate a maximum power during a predetermined key phase and determining based on the calculated maximum power an optimum weight with which the athlete must train to maximize power deployed during an exercise; wherein the microprocessor further being programmed to: automatically determine at least one key phase of a test from said sequence of accelerations based on a priori knowledge of said sequence of accelerations, determine, at least one quantity representative of the athlete's muscular capacity during said key phase, and display the at least one quantity on said display.

24. The device of claim 23 , further comprising a belt for fastening the device close to the athlete's center of mass.

25. A method of evaluating muscular physiological parameters of an athlete using short tests, comprising: fastening a removable and electrically autonomous measurement device to a weight of known mass, said measurement device comprising a three-axis accelerometer; having said athlete move said measurement device and the weight of known mass during said tests; determining a sequence of successive accelerations of said weight during said tests; converting the sequence of accelerations along three axes, delivered by said three-axis accelerometer, into a sequence of accelerations along a direction of movement of said weight; decomposing the movement into key phases as to determine the start and end of a key phase and calculate a maximum power during a predetermined key phase; determining based on the calculated maximum power an optimum weight with which the athlete must train to maximize power deployed during an exercise; determining at least one quantity representative of said muscular physiological parameters based on a priori knowledge of a form of at least one portion of said sequence of accelerations; and indicating the at least one quantity representative of said muscular physiological parameters on a display of the device, immediately at the end of said tests.